1,721,624 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
sj-pdf-1-ajs-10.1177_03635465221098133 – Supplemental material for Celecoxib, Beyond Anti-inflammation, Alleviates Tendon-Derived Stem Cell Senescence in Degenerative Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy
No full textSupplemental material, sj-pdf-1-ajs-10.1177_03635465221098133 for Celecoxib, Beyond Anti-inflammation, Alleviates Tendon-Derived Stem Cell Senescence in Degenerative Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy by Zhuochang Cai, Yao Zhang, Shen Liu and Xudong Liu in The American Journal of Sports Medicine</p
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
(17(1):35-48)臺灣蚜蟲寄生峰 Ephedrus屬分類
No full textIn Taiwan only one species, Ephedrus japonicus Ashmead, had been descripted by Gahan in 1926, after that time there is no report about aphid parasites recorded.
本文所述包括臺灣產蚜蟲寄生蜂Ephedrus屬共五種，其中一新種屬臺灣土產E. robustus n. sp.主要寄生於黍蚜Longiungius sacchar（Zehntner）及捲葉蚜Aphis spiraecola Patch。
文中先述本屬及亞屬特徵，次立檢索表便於查定，每一種附有異名、形態、分佈、寄主、習性及臺北區發生之時期，以便應用於蚜蟲生物防治上參考。
本屬臺灣五種寄生蜂所寄生蚜蟲之寄主範圍如下：
桃蚜Myzus persicae Sulzer，偽菜蚜Lipaphis erysimi Kal.黍蚜Longiungius sacchari（Zehntner），捲葉蚜Aphis spiraecola Patch，白尾紅蚜Dactynotus formorsanus（Taka.），月桔蚜Sinomegoura citricola（van der Goot）豌豆蚜Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris，禾草粉蚜Brachysiphoniella graminis（Tak.），羊蹄蚜 Aphis rumicis（Linne）
(24(3-4):62-84)Aphid Parasites and Their Propagation in Taiwan
No full text蚜蟲寄生蜂是生物防治上控制蚜蟲蟲口的主要寄生天敵，本省經濟作物上採得的種類約有四十餘種，寄生於五十餘種不同的蚜蟲寄主，其分佈依季節，環境、寄主植物及蚜蟲有異，食性與蚜蟲的寄主範圍有關，專食性者受植物及蚜蟲營養的限制分歧較少，廣食性者由植物營養的連鎖性及蚜蟲改變其寄主隨而增廣食性。寄生方法以滲透方式吸取寄主營養，寄生後期方破壞寄主生殖系統及其他重要部位。尋找寄主先以植物的顏色，再以蚜蟲的味道線索及觸覺等尋著寄主，寄主適應決定於寄生蜂卵上附著的脂肪酸類型，此酸間接由寄生蜂母代寄主及植物的營養來源而異。
影響寄生蜂自然發生的因子頗多，重複寄生蜂可分外寄生如Dondrocerus (Ceraphronidae), Asaphes (Pteromalidae), Coruna (Pt.), Pachyneuron (Pt.)及Euneura (Pt.)；與內寄生如Charips (Cynipidae), Alloxys (Cyn.)及Aphidencyrtus (Encyrtidae)，均屬於廣食性者，甚至有些廣及粉蝨、介殼蟲的寄生蜂及草蜻蛉、瓢蟲、食蚜虻及癭蠅的蛹，其出現時期在蚜蟲發生後期較多。螞蟻以Formica及Lasius二類較常干擾寄生蜂的產卵行為，故生物防治上須注意其與寄生蜂之間的生態適應情形。天敵的競爭，捕食天敵一併取食蚜蟲內的寄生蜂情形，在生物防治立場並無大礙，而寄生蜂之間的競爭，防治上宜選擇優越的種類為繁殖對象，蚜蟲因寄主而大量遷移的習性終斷蚜蟲為主的生態系統，可用栽培中間寄主及輪割收成方式補救。氣候因子如氣溫影響繁殖之速率，風雨影響成蟲產卵行為亦須加考慮。
寄生蜂繁殖工作包括寄主植物栽培，蚜蟲飼育及寄生蜂繁殖等主要事項。植物以培養液砂土方式栽培，利用毛細管供應水分，光照18小時，溫度22℃，控制蚜蟲密度於不太高的情形下，有利於無翅型蚜蟲的大量繁殖。寄生蜂接種於箱內五天後，視寄生過的蚜蟲呈透明之初期乾屍時，將其採下收集，置低溫（5℃）中保存可達數月。寄生蜂運送至田間宜用低溫箱，避免高溫引起死亡，且須備蜜水以飼餵羽化的成蜂，釋放前項調查田間寄主的存在，是否足夠供寄生蜂生存及增量，釋放時宜擇晴朗午前較佳，位置選在遮蔭處。
Aphidiids (Aphid parasites) are a group of important parasitoids for controlling aphids. Through several years of investigation in this island, about forty species of aphidiids were recorded and with ecological notes for the further study.
The intent of this review to present a aphid parasite knowledge to the applied entomologist in this island working on aphid biological control. This paper included a general discussion about the aphids in Taiwan, which consisted of the introduction to the usually occurring parasites on the economic crops, a. list of parasites and aphids relationship, ecological bases (distribution, evolution, parasitism and behavior), regulating. factors (hyperparasites, ants, competitors, host migration and climatic factors) and practical method for mass rearing
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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