166 research outputs found
Rezension/Review/Mapitio: Yuning Shen. 2018. Transitivität und Verbvalenz im Swahili. [Transitivity and Verb Valence in Swahili/Uelekezi na Mpangilio wa Vitenzi katika Lugha ya Kiswahili]. Köln: Rüdiger Köppe, 104 pp., ISBN 978-3-89645-712-7.
No full textYuning Shen’s study deals with transitivity and verb valency in Kiswahili using a corpus-based approach. The author relates the methods used and results with previous studies dealing with the same topic, namely Whiteley (1968), Abdulaziz (1996) and Olejarnik (2005). He uses the meta-function-rank-matrix (MF/R) from Chinese to point out the fallacy of adopting such a matrix from one language and imposing it on another. Using the parts of speech annotation TreeTagger (Schmid 1994, 1995) to examine previous verb classifications, the author discusses the divergent use of concepts such as verb radicals, verb stems and verb bases as used in different theoretical approaches.Kitabu hiki cha Yuning Shen kinahusu uelekezi na mpangilio wa vitenzi katika lugha ya Kiswahili kwa kutumia mkabala wenye msingi wa kopasi ya kiisimu. Mwandishi anazihusisha mbinu zilizotumika na matokeo yake na kazi za utafiti zilizotangulia zilizoshughulikia mada hiyo yaani Whiteley (1968), Abdulaziz (1996), na Olejarnik (2005). Shen anatumia mkabala wa mpangilio wa viwango tofauti vya matumizi ya lugha (meta-function-rank-matrix, MF/R) iliyotumika kwa utafiti wa lugha ya Kichina kwa ajili ya kuonesha udhaifu wa mkabala huo kwani unaiga mfumo unaofanya kazi katika lugha moja na kuutumia kwa lugha nyingine bila kuzingatia kuwa lugha ni tofauti. Kwa kutumia njia ya matawi ya kutenganisha vipashio vya maneno (TreeTagger) iliyobuniwa na Schmid (1994, 1995) kwa lengo la kuchunguza njia za awali za kuainisha vitenzi, mwandishi anayajadili matumizi yanayotofautiana ya dhana mbalimbali kama vile viini vya vitenzi, mashina ya vitenzi, na mizizi ya vitenzi jinsi ambavyo zimetumika katika mikabala mbalimbali ya kinadharia
Author Correction: A shared neural basis underlying psychiatric comorbidity
No full textCorrection to: Nature Medicine. Published online 24 April 2023. In the version of this article initially published, the STRATIFY data also included cohort data from the ESTRA consortium, though this was not acknowledged in the author list and the section in Methods on the Stratify dataset. The Methods are now updated, and the author list is amended to combine the STRATIFY and ESTRA consortium names and to include the following authors: Marina Bobou, M. John Broulidakis, Betteke Maria van Noort, Zuo Zhang, Lauren Robinson, Nilakshi Vaidya, Jeanne Winterer, Yuning Zhang, Sinead King, Hervé Lemaître, Ulrike Schmidt, Julia Sinclair, Argyris Stringaris and Sylvane Desrivières. The STRATIFY and ESTRA consortia are now combined to list Marina Bobou, M. John Broulidakis, Betteke Maria van Noort, Zuo Zhang, Lauren Robinson, Nilakshi Vaidya, Jeanne Winterer, Yuning Zhang, Sinead King, Gareth J. Barker, Arun L. W. Bokde, Hervé Lemaître, Frauke Nees, Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos, Ulrike Schmidt, Julia Sinclair, Argyris Stringaris, Henrik Walter, Robert Whelan, Sylvane Desrivières and Gunter Schumann as members, and the IMAGEN consortium is updated to also include Sylvane Desrivières. Affiliations, author contributions and acknowledgements have been updated to reflect the new authorship, and all changes have been made in the HTML and PDF versions of the article
Author Correction: A shared neural basis underlying psychiatric comorbidity
No full textCorrection to: Nature Medicine https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-023-02317-4. Published online 24 April 2023. In the version of this article initially published, the STRATIFY data also included cohort data from the ESTRA consortium, though this was not acknowledged in the author list and the section in Methods on the Stratify dataset. The Methods are now updated, and the author list is amended to combine the STRATIFY and ESTRA consortium names and to include the following authors: Marina Bobou, M. John Broulidakis, Betteke Maria van Noort, Zuo Zhang, Lauren Robinson, Nilakshi Vaidya, Jeanne Winterer, Yuning Zhang, Sinead King, Hervé Lemaître, Ulrike Schmidt, Julia Sinclair, Argyris Stringaris and Sylvane Desrivières. The STRATIFY and ESTRA consortia are now combined to list Marina Bobou, M. John Broulidakis, Betteke Maria van Noort, Zuo Zhang, Lauren Robinson, Nilakshi Vaidya, Jeanne Winterer, Yuning Zhang, Sinead King, Gareth J. Barker, Arun L. W. Bokde, Hervé Lemaître, Frauke Nees, Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos, Ulrike Schmidt, Julia Sinclair, Argyris Stringaris, Henrik Walter, Robert Whelan, Sylvane Desrivières and Gunter Schumann as members, and the IMAGEN consortium is updated to also include Sylvane Desrivières. Affiliations, author contributions and acknowledgements have been updated to reflect the new authorship, and all changes have been made in the HTML and PDF versions of the article.</p
From the headwater to the delta: A synthesis of the basin-scale sediment load regime in the Changjiang River
No full textMany large rivers in the world delivers decreasing sediment loads to coastal oceans owing to reductions in sediment yield and disrupted sediment deliver. Understanding the sediment load regime is a prerequisite of sediment management and fluvial and deltaic ecosystem restoration. This work examines sediment load changes across the Changjiang River basin based on a long time series (1950–2017) of sediment load data stretching from the headwater to the delta. We find that the sediment loads have decreased progressively throughout the basin at multiple time scales. The sediment loads have decreased by ~96% and ~74% at the outlets of the upper basin and entire basin, respectively, in 2006–2017 compared to 1950–1985. The hydropower dams in the mainstem have become a dominant cause of the reduction, although downstream channel erosion causes moderate sediment load recovery. The basin-scale sediment connectivity has declined as the upper river is progressively dammed, the middle-lower river is leveed and river-lake interplay weakens. The middle-lower river has changed from a slight depositional to a severe erosional environment, from a sediment transport conduit to a new sediment source zone, and from a transport-limited to a supply-limited condition. These low-level sediment loads will likely persist in the future considering the cumulative dam trapping and depleted channel erosion. As a result, substantial hydro-morphological changes have occurred that affect the water supply, flood mitigation, and the aquatic ecosystem. The findings and lessons in this work can shed light on other large river systems subject to intensified human interference.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Coastal Engineerin
Enterprise architecture modeling for cybersecurity analysis in critical infrastructures — A systematic literature review
No full textAs digital landscapes become increasingly complex, safeguarding sensitive information and systems against cyber threats has become a paramount concern for organizations. This paper provides a comprehensive review of how enterprise architecture modeling is used in the context of cybersecurity assessment, particularly focusing on critical infrastructures. The use of enterprise architecture models for cybersecurity is motivated by the main purpose of enterprise architecture, namely to represent and manage business and IT assets and their interdependence. While enterprise architecture modeling originally served to assess Business/IT alignment, they are increasingly used to assess the cybersecurity of the enterprise. The research questions explored include the types of enterprise architecture models used for cybersecurity assessment, how security aspects are incorporated into these models, the theoretical frameworks and reference theories applied, the research methods used for evaluation, and the strengths and limitations of these models in supporting cybersecurity assessment. This review encompasses research papers published before 2024, focusing on high-quality research from peer-reviewed journals and reputable conferences, thereby providing a structured and comprehensive overview of the current state of research in this domain.CC BY-NC 4.0Corresponding author: Yuning JiangE-mail addresses: [email protected]</p
Police Officers’ Preferences for Enforcing COVID-19 Regulatory Violations: The Impact of Organizational Support, Psychological Conditions, and Public Compliance
No full textThis is the Accepted Manuscript version of Sun, I. Y., Wu, Y., Shen, S., Kutnjak Ivkovich, S., Maskaly, J., & Neyroud, P. (2023). Police Officers’ Preferences for Enforcing COVID-19 Regulatory Violations: The Impact of Organizational Support, Psychological Conditions, and Public Compliance. Crime & Delinquency, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1177/00111287231155923. © The Author(s) 2023. This article was originally published in Crime and Delinquency. The version of record is available at https://doi.org/10.1177/00111287231155923.The coronavirus has stirred a wave of studies on policing the pandemic. Nonetheless, officers’ intentions to enforce COVID-related rules and regulations remain under-researched. Drawing upon survey data from 600 police officers in a major Chinese city, this study explores the associations between organizational support, behavioral and psychological conditions, and perceived public compliance and officers’ willingness to intervene in rule violations. Organizational support in providing supervisory instructions, training, and PPE increased the likelihood of officers issuing tickets, whereas minimizing COVID-19 risks to officers reduced the probability of officers not taking any action against rule violations. Officers who perceive community residents as compliant with pandemic regulations are less likely to take no action or use more punitive sanctions of ticket/fine and detention/arrest.The author(s) received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article
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Studying chemical and biological systems using high-throughput sequencing: analytical challenges and solutions
No full textHigh-throughput sequencing (HTS) can identify unique DNA sequences and quantify their abundances from mixed DNA pools. HTS-based assays can profile complex biological or chemical systems with entities that can convert to unique DNA sequences. Computational models are also developed to analyze these HTS data at a larger scale. However, such data contain unique analytical challenges, including discrete counts, relative measurement, and small sample size. Careful assessments of these computational tools are required for robust interpretations of results.In this dissertation, we investigated the computational challenges, proposed and assess the solutions for two applications of HTS-based assays. In the first work, we proposed k-Seq, a kinetic assay to measure the activity of self-aminoacylation ribozymes (catalytic RNA). Characterizing the kinetics for different molecules in a heterogeneous pool is challenging as their abundance and activities can vary in several orders of magnitude. We explored different designs of experiments and identified critical factors affecting the estimation of kinetic coefficients in the pseudo-first-order kinetic model for these ribozymes. Using bootstrapping, we robustly quantified the uncertainty of estimation for individual sequences and determined the minimum sequencing counts required for reliable estimations. Combining the improved experimental design and new analytical tools, we robustly quantified the kinetics for 10^5 different ribozymes.In the second work, we constructed the correlation networks between microorganisms from metagenomic data and studied the structure of a human skin microbiome in patients with chronic wounds. We designed a variation of Gaussian graphical models to capture the direct correlations between the abundances of bacteria and viruses while accounting for the structure and limitations in the data. To minimize the discovery of false correlations from the small noisy dataset, we applied a two-step model selection to regularize the results. Lastly, we demonstrated the utility of the constructed correlation network in recovering the strong correlations between microbes, identifying potentially important microbes, and microbial clusters
High Throughput Experimentation Facilitated Development of Amine-Acid Cross Coupling Reactions
No full textHigh throughput experimentation (HTE) is an important technique which can expedite the hit-to-lead process in drug discovery. The first chapter of this thesis reviews reported applications using HTE in medicinal chemistry research and provids the basics of establishing HTE capabilities including software, hardware, and data analysis. We have demonstrated the establishment of an HTE platform in our lab. HTE could leverage areas like machine learning, cheminformatics, and reaction prediction. With an interest in bridging these areas, we have reported an algorithm to map chemical space of amine–acid coupling system, which utilizes two of the most significant building blocks for medicinal chemists. The scientific rationale in connecting amine–acid coupling with physicochemical properties is discussed in Chapter 2. With the interest in developing novel methodologies for amine–acid coupling, and to showcase the HTE capabilities we established, we have identified a unique amine–acid C–O bond formation applying carboxylic acids and arenediazonium salts as an activated form of anilines. Chapter 3 discusses the development of this copper catalyzed amine–acid C–O esterification and discusses in detail ultraHTE screening, where reactions are performed in 1,536 wellplates, for the miniaturized general substrate scope investigation. To push beyond C–O bond formation with an aim of expanding amine–acid coupling system, we also explored metallaphotoredox catalysis for deaminative–decarboxylative C–C bond formation. In Chapter 4, the discovery and optimization of the novel method to couple redox active esters (NHPI esters) with triazenes are discussed. The unique substrate pairs also showed the possibility to form decarboxylative–deaminative coupling products and decarboxylative amination products, which again, showcased the strong connection between transformation and properties. This work, as a whole, demonstrates the significance of HTE in the search for novel reactivity, and demonstrates the significance of the amine–acid coupling system, evidenced by developing amine–acid C–O, C–C, and C–N bond formation.PhDMedicinal ChemistryUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/176675/1/yunings_1.pd
Quantum Control of Interacting Spins
No full textQuantum decoherence is one of the most substantial challenges on the way to fullyfledged quantum technology. Noise mitigation based on dynamical control techniques, aside from error correction, is known to be another effective approach to protect qubits from decoherence. In this thesis, we studied the dynamics of a spin qubit interacting with a disordered spin bath in different dimensions. By modeling the environmental spins from fundamental dipolar couplings and employing Monte-Carlo simulations, this research provides an insight into the precise driving and control of a noisy spin qubit, including the noise distribution, decoherence mechanism, driving error, gate fidelity, and performance of dynamical decoupling sequence. This knowledge will be helpful to the future design of noise-robust quantum gates and potential decoupling protocols of spin qubits.https://github.com/Neuromancer43/SpinControl.jl Software PackageApplied Physic
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation as a Therapy for Migraine: An Overview of Systematic Reviews
No full textMin Shen,1 Chunjing Li,1 Xiaocen Wei,1 Linlin Zhang,1 Yang Li,1 Hongxue Wu,2 Xiaobin Zhang,1 Zhibin Dong,1 Shuzhong Gao,1 Yuning Ma,1 Yuxia Ma1 1Department of Acupuncture and Massage College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yuning Ma; Yuxia Ma, Email [email protected]; [email protected]: This overview of systematic reviews (SRs) systematically collected, evaluated, and combined the evidence for migraine treatment with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS).Methods: We conducted a systematic literature search in various databases, such as PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, VIP, and China Biomedical Literature. Two reviewers independently assessed the methodological quality, risk of bias, reporting quality, and strength of evidence of the included studies using AMSTAR-2, ROBIS, the PRISMA checklist, and the GRADE system.Results: We performed an overview of 7 relevant SRs, of which 4 were of moderate quality and 3 were of low quality according to AMSTAR 2. All SRs had low risk of bias in Phase 1 (Assessing relevance), Domain 1 (Study eligibility criteria), and Domain 4 (Synthesis and findings) as evaluated by ROBIS. In Domain 2 (Identification and selection of studies), 4 SRs (57.1%) had low risk of bias, while in Domain 3 (data collection and study appraisal) and Risk of Bias in the Review Phase 3, 4 SRs (57.1%) had low risk of bias. The PRISMA reporting standards were generally comprehensive, but some limitations were observed in the assessments, pooled results, evidence reliability, registration and protocols, and funding sources. The GRADE levels ranged from moderate to low, with 10 outcomes of moderate quality and 6 outcomes of low quality. The main reason for the low quality of evidence was the small sample size and high heterogeneity of the available studies.Conclusion: TMS may improve migraine severity and frequency, but the evidence is limited due to methodological flaws and heterogeneity. Future studies should standardize use, assess side effects, and compare with other treatments.Keywords: transcranial magnetic stimulation, migraine, evidence, overview, systematic review
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