407 research outputs found
Alif 24: Archaeology of literature: tracing the old in the new
No full textThis issue of Alif investigates the different strata constituting texts, and the presence of older material (myths, classics, hymns, rituals, romance, philosophical fragments, etc.) as subtexts in literature. Articles explore the processes and modalities of such inclusions in a given work or the corpus of an author. The issue also includes critical essays on the nature of continuity and correspondence in plots, characters, and styles as well as redeployment of older motifs in modern and postmodern works. Contributors: English section: Walid Bitar, Leslie Croxford, Ananya Kabir, Rondo Keele, Steven Nimis, John Rodenbeck, Edward Said, Doris Shoukri, Mounira Soliman, Steffen Stelzer. Arabic section: Mohammed ‘Ajina, Mohammed Birairi, Ayman Al-Desouky, Hasab al-Sheikh Ja‘far, Scheherazade Hassan, Sami Mahdi, Samia Mehrez, Mai Muzaffar/Rafa Nasiri, Lamis Al-Nakkash/Doris Shoukri, Nagwa Sha‘ban.https://fount.aucegypt.edu/faculty_books/1165/thumbnail.jp
Perancangan Basis Data Pembelian Penjualan Dan Persediaan Barang Pada Toko Alif
No full textAlif Shop is a shop engaged in the sale of men's clothing, which is located on Jalan Wak Dalek Pontianak. In recording purchase transactions, sales, inventory of goods and the recording of the Alif Shop report is still manual, and making that requires a relatively long time. In building a system of purchasing goods, sales of goods, inventory of goods and reports of the Alif Clothing Store the authors use this form of research in the form of case studies and with prototype design methods. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, and documentation studies. Research based on recording transactions in sales and recording reports on the Pontianak Alif Shop was built using NetBeans IDE programming language 7.3.1 The database used is MYSQL. The application that the author produces consists of the menu item, customer menu form, supplier menu, sales transaction form, purchase transaction form. With this application can facilitate store employees in the process of finding goods, processing transactions, and making reports.
Morphological and grammatical study of the fuctional derived nouns in the six anthologies by Sheikh Ibrahim Inyas / Ibrahim Shaaban
No full textThis research is a morphological, grammatical and analytical study on the multiplicity of the
scale of five derived nouns and their formulas as used in the six anthologies (dawawin) of
Senegalese Sheikh Ibrahim Inyas al-Kaulakhi, based on the chosen rulings, methods and context
used by the author of the six collections. The research focuses and discusses on the subject
noun, the accusative noun, the hyperbolic participles, the attributive participle,
comparative/superlative adjective, and their scales and formulas, both standard and nonstandard,
and the usage of their multiple meanings according to the methods employed in these
six dawawin, including infinitive and augmented noun of three or four lettered origin, with
grammatical rulings associated with alif and lam (al), as selected or chosen according to the
usage of Sheikh Ibrahim Inyas al-Kaulakhi. In order to find out the context of morphological and
grammatical methods, analyses were made that acquaint readers with the taste of Sheikh
Ibrahim's ability in applying morphological and grammatical rules. Through extrapolation, the
morphological and syntactic source of each derivative was separately traced in those six
dawawin. In reviewing the morphological and syntactic language of those derivatives, books and
the theories of ancient and modern linguists, according to consensus and contrast, were used in
shedding light on each derived noun by studying the ancient morphological and syntactic
sources according to the information and theories derived therefrom and made analysis
thereon. In this regard, a morphological or grammatical context was established using a
qualitative rather than quantitative approach based on which the research was conducted and
its structure, sections and chapters arranged accordingly, with clarification and detailed
analyses. Findings of this research have established the functioning of morphological structure
and scales of the five derived nouns as well as the semantic meaning, application and usage of
augmented derived nouns as dealt with in their grammatical rulings associated with the Arabic
definite article - alif and lam (al), to enable them function in the past, present and future tenses,
and what not. The research concluded with a revelation which is indicative of Sheikh Ibrahim
Inyas’ ability and mastery of morphological scales and grammatical expertise as though he lived
with and learnt from Khalil, Sibawayh, Ibn Jinni and Asma'i and their ilk
Teaching the clarinet in Kuwait: creating a curriculum for the Public Authority for Applied Education and Training
No full textKuwait, post-oil (1932), invested heavily in educational development at all levels. A curriculum was developed which included music, both Eastern and Western. Initially the piano was adopted, but the curriculum was broadened to include other Western instruments, more recently the clarinet. A need for a programme of training to produce versatile clarinet teachers in Kuwait was therefore identified.In order to ensure that the curriculum to be designed met the specific needs of Kuwaiti clarinet students, an analysis was made of the social, historical and geographical situation of the country, Kuwaiti Folk Music, Music in Islam, and curriculum and instrumental music teaching in Kuwaiti schools.From these initial findings the specific needs of Kuwaiti clarinet students were identified. These include adult beginners, no aural model of the clarinet, little familiarity with the clarinet repertoire, and no transferable instrumental technical skills. In order to support these students in their learning, theories of motivation were analysed, and situation-specific teaching strategies have been identified and developed. Simultaneously an analysis was made of clarinet teaching, past and present in Kuwait. From these recommendations best practice was identified. These informed curriculum development.As a consequence the Ahmad Alderaiwaish Clarinet Curriculum (AACC) for the Public Authority for Applied Education and Training, Kuwait, was developed. Peer review and critical response followed. The AACC, which is in the form of five parts, delivers the clarinet teacher education element of the Bachelor of Arts programme. These parts are designed primarily for the student and include scales,arpeggios, exercises, pieces and recommended sources, both Eastern folk and classical, and Western music. The former have the additional benefit of preserving and promoting Kuwait’s cultural heritage. Complementary teaching equipment has been invented to introduce students to specific playing techniques with which they were not familiar, for example, breath control
Clinical and radiographic performance of indirect foraminal decompression with anterior retroperitoneal lumbar approach for interbody fusion (ALIF)
No full textStudy design: Retrospective study Background: Indirect decompression with ALIF allows the restoration of the disk and foraminal height with limited soft tissue damage. However, it does not offer a direct view of the neural structure and a direct intraoperative assessment of the results of the decompression is not possible. For this reason, ALIF is often accompanied by posterior, direct decompression. So far, there is no consensus on the effects of indirect decompression alone for L5-S1 foraminal stenosis. Objective: Evaluation of the clinical and mechanical performance of indirect decompression with anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) in L5-S1 foraminal stenosis. Methods: All patients who underwent ALIF at our institution and had a minimum follow-up of six months were assessed for inclusion. Radiographic parameters (anterior and posterior disc height, foraminal height and surface, L5-S1 angle, pelvic incidence, pelvic tilt and lumbar lordosis) and clinical data (Oswestry Disability Index - ODI and Numeric Rating Scale - NRS) before ALIF and at the last follow-up were compared. A regression analysis was performed to investigate the correlation between radiographic and clinical outcomes. Results: Thirty-four patients were available for the study (55.9% female, mean age 53.4 +/- 11.5 years), mean follow-up was 26.4 +/- 11.1 months. At the last follow-up, a significant increase in foraminal height (14.6 +/- 4.0 vs. 17.9 +/- 3.9 mm, p<0.001), posterior disc height (6.5 +/- 2 vs. 9.1 +/- 2 mm, p<0.001) was observed. ODI and NRS back and leg improved significantly. The NRS leg correlated with foraminal height (r=-0.45), foraminal surface (r=-0.36) and anterior (r=-0.41) and posterior disc height (r=-0.43). Conclusion: ALIF provided significant indirect foraminal decompression and improvement of radicular pain. The increase of foraminal height, surface, and posterior disc height is directly associated with radicular pain improvement. Level of evidence: IV Availability of data and material: The datasets used and/or analyzed in the present study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request
Clinical and radiographic performance of indirect foraminal decompression with anterior retroperitoneal lumbar approach for interbody fusion (ALIF)
No full textAbstract
Study design: Retrospective study BACKGROUND: Indirect decompression with ALIF allows the restoration of the disk and foraminal height with limited soft tissue damage. However, it does not offer a direct view of the neural structure and a direct intraoperative assessment of the results of the decompression is not possible. For this reason, ALIF is often accompanied by posterior, direct decompression. So far, there is no consensus on the effects of indirect decompression alone for L5-S1 foraminal stenosis.
Objective: Evaluation of the clinical and mechanical performance of indirect decompression with anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) in L5-S1 foraminal stenosis.
Methods: All patients who underwent ALIF at our institution and had a minimum follow-up of six months were assessed for inclusion. Radiographic parameters (anterior and posterior disc height, foraminal height and surface, L5-S1 angle, pelvic incidence, pelvic tilt and lumbar lordosis) and clinical data (Oswestry Disability Index - ODI and Numeric Rating Scale - NRS) before ALIF and at the last follow-up were compared. A regression analysis was performed to investigate the correlation between radiographic and clinical outcomes.
Results: Thirty-four patients were available for the study (55.9% female, mean age 53.4±11.5 years), mean follow-up was 26.4±11.1 months. At the last follow-up, a significant increase in foraminal height (14.6±4.0 vs. 17.9±3.9 mm, p<0.001), posterior disc height (6.5±2 vs. 9.1±2 mm, p<0.001) was observed. ODI and NRS back and leg improved significantly. The NRS leg correlated with foraminal height (r=-0.45), foraminal surface (r=-0.36) and anterior (r=-0.41) and posterior disc height (r=-0.43).
Conclusion: ALIF provided significant indirect foraminal decompression and improvement of radicular pain. The increase of foraminal height, surface, and posterior disc height is directly associated with radicular pain improvement.
Level of evidence: IV AVAILABILITY OF DATA AND MATERIAL: The datasets used and/or analyzed in the present study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request
Penafsiran alif lam mim dalam kitab al-futuhat al-makkiyyah karya ibnu ‘arabi (Pendekatan Historis Filosofis)
No full textMenurut Ibnu ‘Arabi, kalimat-kalimat dan huruf-huruf dalam al-Qur’an ialah gerbang untuk masuk ke dalam arti tersirat lebih dalam yang dikehendaki Sang Penulis-Nya. Ia mengatakan bahwa hal tersebut dapat diperoleh apabila seorang hamba betul dalam takwa dan ibadahnya, sehingga Tuhan yang akan langsung menurunkan cahaya pemahaman atas kehendak-Nya, bukan hasil daripada akal pikiran, apalagi hawa nafsu. Begitupula saat menghadapi huruf-huruf misterius yang menjadi pembuka surat dalam al-Qur’an seperti Alif La>m Mi>m, mayoritas ulama memilih mengatakan “Allah yang lebih tahu maksudnya”. Sedangkan ia memberikan penjelasan yang rinci pada Alif Lam Mim dalam sebuah kitab yang dapat dikatakan sebagai “Master Piece”-nya, yakni Kitab al-Fut{u>h{a>t al-Makkiyyah. Menurutnya lagi, “tidak ada yang mengetahui ilmu huruf ini kecuali para ahli kasyaf dari jalan kami” (Anbiya’ dan Auliya’). Pernyataannya tersebut sangat menarik untuk dikaji lebih lanjut. Maka, yang menjadi rumusan masalah pada penelitian ini ialah bagaimana penafsiran Ibnu ‘Arabi terhadap Alif La>m Mi>m dalam kitab Al-Fut{u>h{a>t Al-Makkiyah.
Jenis penelitian ini adalah library researh yang bersifat kualitatif. Metode yang digunakan ialah analisis deskriptif dengan pendekatan historis-filosofis. Penulis berupaya memberikan gambaran secara sistematis, faktual serta akurat mengenai data-data yang disajikan dari beberapa sumber serta menganalisisnya.
Hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa dalam kitabnya al-Fut{u>h{a>t al-Makkiyyah mengenai Alif La>m Mi>m, Ibnu ‘Arabi menafsirkan Alif sebagai isyarat tauhid, jalan yang lurus (penyucian dan tauhid) dan simbol daripada Dzat Allah. Sedangkan La>m, ia artikan sebagai penghubung antara Alif dan Mi>m, perlambang akan Al-Qudrah (kuasa) Allah dan sebagai simbol daripada Sifat Allah. Adapun huruf Mi>m, ia artikan sebagai mulk (kekuasaan/kerajaan) Allah swt., simbol makhluk yang menempati “serendah-rendahnya tempat” dan sebagai simbol daripada Af’al (Perbuatan) Allah swt. maupun bekas daripada perbuatan-Nya. Terlihat penafisrannya tersebut termasuk ke dalam kategori penafsiran yang bercorak isyari dan diantaranya ia pun menggunakan munasabah, yakni mengaitkan penafsirannya dengan ayat al-Qur’an dan Hadis. Penafsirannya ini pun tak terlepas dari pengaruh guru pertamanya yakni al-‘Uryabi yang dijumpainya pada masa awal menapaki jalan spiritual. Ia mengamalkan sebuah nasihat dari gurunya sampai kepada maksud, “Tuhan akan berbicara kepadamu tanpa hijab”, hingga ia mengalami pencerahan, terlihat dalam sumpahnya “Demi Allah! tidak ada satu huruf pun yang aku tulis melainkan dari dikte Ilahi”. Pun ditemukan dalam penafsirannya ini tak terlepas dari paham utamanya yakni wahdat al-wujud yang tercium isyaratnya ketika ia menjelaskan alasan sucinya Alif dari harokat ialah simbol sebagaimana Dzat Allah, ada dan tiada sesuatupun bersama-Nya.
ABSTRACT
According to Ibn 'Arabi, the sentences and letters in the Qur'an are the gateway to entering the deeper implied meaning desired by The Author. He said that this could be obtained if a servant is true in piety and worship, so that God will directly send down the light of understanding of His will, not the result of reason, let alone lust. Likewise, when dealing with mysterious letters that open letters in the Qur'an, such as Alif La>m Mi>m, the majority of scholars prefer to say "God knows better." Meanwhile, he provided a detailed explanation to Alif La>m Mi>m in a book known as his "masterpiece," the al-Futu>ha>t al-Makkiyyah. According to him again, "no one knows this science of letters except the Kasyaf experts from our way" (Anbiya' and Auliya'). His statement is very interesting and deserves to be studied further. So, in this study, the formulation of the problem is how Ibn 'Arabi interpreted Alif La>m Mi>m in the book al-Futu>ha>t al-Makkiyah.
This type of research is qualitative library research. The method used is descriptive analysis with a historical-philosophical approach. The author analyzes and attempts to provide a systematic, factual, and accurate description of the data presented from various sources.
The result of this research is that in his book al-Futu>ha>t al-Makkiyyah regarding Alif La>m Mi>m, Ibn 'Arabi interprets Alif as a sign of monotheism, the straight path (purification and monotheism), and a symbol of God's essence. As for La>m, he interprets it as a link between Alif and Mi>m, symbolizing Allah's Al-Qudrah (power), and as a symbol of Allah's attributes. As for the letter Mi>m, he interprets it as Allah's mulk (power/kingdom), a symbol of a creature that occupies the "lowest place", and as a symbol of Allah's af'al (deeds). nor the evidence of His actions. It can be seen that his interpretation belongs to the category of interpretation with an isyari pattern, and among them he also uses munasabah, namely associating his interpretation with verses of the Qur'an and Hadith. This interpretation was inseparable from the influence of his first teacher, namely al-'Uryabi, whom he met in the early days of walking the spiritual path. She practiced an advice from her teacher to the point, "God will speak to you without the hijab", until she experienced enlightenment, as seen in her oath, "By Allah! There is not a single letter that I write but from Divine dictation". It is also discovered that in his interpretation, this cannot be separated from his main understanding, namely wahdat al-wujd, which can be sensed when he explains why the holy Alif of harokat is a symbol similar to Allah's Essence; there is and there is nothing with Him
Work-related physical factors and low back pain among policemen in Kelantan: a cross-sectional study / Sheikh Muhammad Aiman Alhabshee Muhammad Alif Madrid and Siti Nor Ismalina Isa
No full textLow back pain (LBP) is a commonly reported musculoskeletal disorder among policemen or active-duty officers. Policemen are exposed to a high risk of developing LBP due to their nature of work and strenuous activities. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of LBP and the association between LBP with sociodemographic and work-related physical factors. A crosssectional study was conducted among 101 policemen in one police center in Kelantan, Malaysia. A set of self-administered questionnaires including the sociodemographic form, Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used as the research instrument. The prevalence of LBP among policemen was 18.8%. The associations between LBP with sociodemographic and physical activity factors were not statistically significant (p>0.05). However, Cramer’s V coefficient showed strong associations between LBP with gender, age, marital status, educational level, ranks, duration of work per week and break time (Cramer’s V > 0.15). Although this study found non-significant results between LBP and all study variables, the police workforce should be educated with information regarding LBP and its risk factors in order to encourage preventive measures and minimize LBP prevalence. More studies are also warranted for this population
RETRACTION: Optimization of conditions for the biological treatment of textile dyes using isolated soil bacteria
No full textThe article titled “Optimization of conditions for the biological treatment of textile dyes using isolated soil bacteria” ([version 1; referees: peer review discontinued]. F1000Research 2018, 7:351 https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.13757.1) by Shafkat Shamim Rahman and colleagues, has been retracted by F1000Research on grounds of misconduct by the first author. Following publication of the article, the editorial team at F1000Research were notified by Romana Siddique, from BRAC University, that the data presented in this paper significantly overlaps with the data in her recently published article : Siddique and Alif; ARRB, 22(5): 1-12, 2018; Article no.ARRB.38637; https://doi.org/10.9734/ARRB/2018/38637. In response to our queries to the authors, the second and last author listed on this article, Fahim Ahmed Alif and M. Mahboob Hossain, have stated that they were not aware of the submission of this article to F1000Research, and did not agree to be authors. We have evidence which confirms their statement. After further investigation by the F1000Research team, and a separate investigation by BRAC University, it has become clear that Shafkat Shamim Rahman was not involved with the research presented in this paper, and that the decision to submit and publish the article was taken independently by him, and not his listed co-authors. BRAC University has confirmed that Shafkat Shamim Rahman is not currently based at their institution.</ns4:p
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