82 research outputs found
EXTRACTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF RICE BRAN OIL (RBO) FOR POTENTIAL APPLICATION AS BIODIESEL
No full textAbstract: Rice bran oil (RBO) is a potential feedstock for biodiesel and biolubricant production among other alternative sources. The rice bran’s fat extraction was carried out using maceration with chloroform, solvent recovery as a means of purification was carried out using rotary evaporator. Physicochemical analysis such as percent extraction and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), iodine value, peroxide value and saponification values were carried out to ascertain its potential application as Biodiesel. From the GC-MS analysis, over 30 compounds including fatty acids and other phytochemicals were discovered with Oleic acid having the greater percentage of 34.5% having the base peak at m/z of 282.
Keywords: Rice bran oil (RBO), biodiesel, biolubricant production.
Title: EXTRACTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF RICE BRAN OIL (RBO) FOR POTENTIAL APPLICATION AS BIODIESEL
Author: Shehu Isah, Abdulkarim Shuaib
International Journal of Novel Research in Physics Chemistry & Mathematics
ISSN 2394-9651
Vol. 10, Issue 3, September 2023 - December 2023
Page No: 36-62
Novelty Journals
Website: www.noveltyjournals.com
Published Date: 21-September-2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8366590
Paper Download Link (Source)
https://www.noveltyjournals.com/upload/paper/EXTRACTION%20AND%20CHARACTERIZATION-21092023-6.pdfInternational Journal of Novel Research in Physics Chemistry & Mathematics, ISSN 2394-9651, Novelty Journals, Website: www.noveltyjournals.co
SOLID STATE FERMENTATION OF RICE BRAN: NUTRITIONAL VALUES AND FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES
No full textAbstract: Solid state fermentation of rice bran improves nutritional values and functional properties. The edible fungus, Pleurotus Sapidus, was employed for the solid state fermentation. During fermentation, the sample was withdrawn after ten days and further analyzed. An investigation process was carried out on the solid-state fermented rice bran (RB) in comparison with the unfermented (normal) rice bran. The few analyses that were investigated in comparison with the unfermented rice bran were the density tests (bulk, tapped and compact), water and oil absorption capacities, swelling power, moisture estimate, pH, reducible sugar, and water solubility. From the results, it was found that both the fermented and unfermented rice bran have a pH of 5 and 6, respectively, with absorption capacities of both oil (5% for the fermented sample and 20% for the unfermented sample) and water (10% for the fermented sample and 25% for the unfermented sample), and both samples possess swelling power. This study demonstrated a comparison in the nutritional quality of RB after fermentation with Pleurotus sapidus in an attempt to find or improve the functional and nutritional value of rice bran via solid state fermentation. The study therefore proves that the functional and nutritional value of the unfermented sample, which has a higher phenol concentration from spectrophotometry and high ascorbic acid, was better than the fermented sample with lower phenol concentration and less ascorbic acid.
Keywords: Solid state fermentation, rice bran, high ascorbic acid.
Title: SOLID STATE FERMENTATION OF RICE BRAN: NUTRITIONAL VALUES AND FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES
Author: Shehu Isah, Kennedy Unakalamba
International Journal of Novel Research in Physics Chemistry & Mathematics
ISSN 2394-9651
Vol. 10, Issue 3, September 2023 - December 2023
Page No: 63-86
Novelty Journals
Website: www.noveltyjournals.com
Published Date: 21-September-2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8366646
Paper Download Link (Source)
https://www.noveltyjournals.com/upload/paper/SOLID%20STATE%20FERMENTATION%20OF%20RICE%20BRAN-21092023-7.pdfInternational Journal of Novel Research in Physics Chemistry & Mathematics, ISSN 2394-9651, Novelty Journals, Website: www.noveltyjournals.co
Anti-malarial and Anti-bacterial properties of some selected species of Asteraceae family
No full textAbstract: Bioactive natural plants, including the Asteraceae family have several therapeutic effects and antimicrobial properties. They are used in different cultures across the world as alternative medicine for treatments of several ailments including prevalent malaria infection, wound healing, diabetes, anti-ulcerative, anti-bacterial, treatment of liver disease, accelerates blood clotting, relieves muscle cramps during menstruation and treatment of common colds. In this review, some selected species of the Asteraceae families such as Vernonia amygdolina, artemisia annua and ageratum conyzoides amongst others were evaluated for their anti-malarial and antimicrobial properties. Major and minor bioactive chemical ingredients in each species were discussed, especially their chemical structures and inherent functional groups.
This approach is intended to guide future research on drug development and drug discovery. This is especially important as we are set to finding lasting solution to multidrug resistance microbial infection and other life-threatening ailments, such as malaria, and cancer that confront our daily lives. Asteraceae family in general can be used as safe preservatives and food additives to improve the health role of food. This is attributed to their good flavor, antioxidant, and antimicrobial effect.
Keywords: Bioactive plants; Asteraceae; therapeutic effects; antimicrobial effect; anti-malarial.
Title: Anti-malarial and Anti-bacterial properties of some selected species of Asteraceae family
Author: Shehu Isah, Theresa Uchechukwu, James Akande
International Journal of Novel Research in Physics Chemistry & Mathematics
ISSN 2394-9651
Vol. 10, Issue 3, September 2023 - December 2023
Page No: 20-35
Novelty Journals
Website: www.noveltyjournals.com
Published Date: 18-September-2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8355499
Paper download Link (Source)
https://www.noveltyjournals.com/upload/paper/Anti-malarial%20and%20Anti-bacterial-18092023-5.pdfInternational Journal of Novel Research in Physics Chemistry & Mathematics, ISSN 2394-9651, Novelty Journals, Website: www.noveltyjournals.co
Nigerian citizens and fundamental rights: myth, manoeuvre and reality
No full textreality and manoeuvre by various stake holders in human rights provision
Factors contributing to adaptation practice towards climate change impact among oil palm smallholders in Peninsular Malaysia
No full textSeveral existing inter-related climate phenomena and their associated impacts have
contributed to the perception of oil palm smallholders in Peninsular Malaysia, making
them more liable to be influenced by the resultant consequences. With a growing
world population and rising living standards, palm oil demand has been projected to
continue to rise in the coming decades. Oil palm smallholders in Peninsular Malaysia
are generally acknowledged as being more susceptible to impacts of climate change
and having less ability towards adaptation practices. Smallholders have contributed
about 40 percent under oil palm smallholding schemes in the country. With the
awareness of the potential and impacts of climate change, Malaysia may not be able
to achieve palm oil yield target of six tons per hectare. The situation clearly shows the
importance of extension services, attitude, and subjective norms among other
considerations as limited studies have been conducted in this area of interest.
Consequently, the present study aims at filling the voids by determining factors
contributing to adaptation practices towards impacts of climate change among oil palm
smallholders. The study specifically aims at determining several aspects including the
levels of adaptation practices and perception of impact of climate change which
encompasses extension services; attitude, and subjective norms. The study also
examines the relationships between perceptions of climate change impact, extension
services, attitude, subjective norms, and adaptation practices, as well as the mediation
effects of intention towards adaptation practices. The study was guided by an
integrated conceptual framework predominantly developed from protection
motivation theory and theory of reasoning action. A structured questionnaire was used
to interview 397 oil palm smallholders using a multi-stage cluster sampling technique.
Descriptive analysis and structural equation modeling were applied. The descriptive
findings revealed that oil palm smallholders played significant roles in adaptation
practices where the majority of them were found to be engaged in adaptation practices
and had good perception of impact of climate change. The majority of the respondents revealed that extension services have provided them with important sources of
information and had favorable attitude in the use of adaptation practices, clearly
showing that the view of others is essential in adaptation practices. The results of
structural equation modeling also indicated that extension services had the highest
contribution to adaptation practices. Mediating intention towards adaptation practices
also played a significant role, mediating three paths. At the conclusion of the study, it
was observed that adaptation practices, perception of impact of climate change,
attitude and subjective norms were at both high and moderate levels. It is therefore of
great significance to give greater knowledge and understanding to smallholders of the
issue at hand. As a proactive measure, it is important to enhance extension services
towards adaptation practices. The study proposes that the relevant government
agencies such as the Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB) and Federal Land
Development Authority (FELDA) to come up with an extensive training model on
adaptation practices and give an insight to the academicians/researchers in applying
and/or improving the model while accessing other adaptation practices towards impact
of climate change for future research
Ethno-religious rivalry in Nigeria: causes and effects (1993-2015)
No full textEthno-religious rivalry has crept into the heterogeneous, major and minority groups and every part of Nigerian system, but overshadowed by related conflicts among others. Despite the Constitution and other policy checks being enforced, rivalry has
been escalating among the groups. Therefore, Nigeria with a population of over 193 million people is embroiled in the rivalry which often leads to many negative trends. This study explored the ethno-religious rivalry in Nigeria from 1993-2015 with
objectives of exploring the causes; the effects on Nigeria; and the ways to lessen it. A qualitative study method was used with in-depth and open ended interviews using nonprobability
sampling. The study used the system and pluralism theories. In-depth interviews were conducted with experts and stakeholders on the central phenomenon in all the 6 geo-political zones of Nigeria. The findings revealed that colonialism, poverty, imbalanced socio-economic development, resource competition and conflict, historical heterogeneities, manipulation of religion and ethnicity by the elites, the role of military, non-adherence with the rule of law have been responsible for the ethnoreligious rivalry in Nigeria; ethno-religious rivalry has impacted in both positive and negative ways, and become entrenched among the majority groups of Nigeria; that it cannot be completely stopped, but lessened. In order to lessen it, the study recommended that the traditional, political religious and social institutions would have to rise up and enlighten the people, uphold values of justice, good brother and neighbourhood, tolerance, dialogue and accommodation of one another; while the Nigerian state authorities must ensure adherence with the rule of law, controlled preaching, balanced distribution of socio-economic resources and functional education to citizens, good governance, and strict implementation of the federal character principles and provisions. The study contributed in expanding the methodologies of studying the central phenomenon, analysis and the reported findings; and in addition, explored other latent issues in ethno-religious set up in Nigerian. The Nigerian
populace and authorities would benefit from the findings of this study in further strengthening the forces of unity among Nigerian, especially at this critical moment of multi-dimensioned threats to the corporate existence and sustenance of the united
Nigeria
Democracy and Its Adoption in Nigeria: Western Liberal or Indigenous Option
No full textThis paper examined democracy and its adoption in Nigeria. The study was born out of the numerous debacles encountered by Nigeria and Nigerians in the process of achieving democracy. The study used secondary source to gather data. The study found that Nigerians desire and cherish to entrench a democratic system and government, the journey to achieve democracy is a long and trying one but Nigeria is still far from achieving it due to the failure of the system and the leaders to provide the suitable option and guidance, Nigeria’s present democratic setting is unnecessarily expensive and too accommodative, unwhole suitability of the Western liberal democracy to Nigeria’s socio-economic and political environment and failure to domesticate the democracy to suit Nigeria’s peculiar circumstances. It is also found that wholesome adoption of the Western liberal democracy will not suit the Nigerian context and so, there have to be adjustments to uniqueness of Nigerian state and societies and that excessive use of money in the polity hinders achieving democracy. The study recommended among others development and adoption of indigenous democratic values and principles, redistribution of national wealth, income and resources to ensure justice among Nigerians, extensive and intensive civic education to citizens, constitutional enforcement of social justice among Nigerians, adoption of politics of pluralism and consensus, cultivation and institutionalization of habits of transparency and good governance especially on the part of the leaders, establishment of genuine national political parties, reviewing the presidential system currently operated to reduce excessive politics of accommodation and the cost of running government. Keywords: Democracy, Liberal Democracy, Adoption, Achievement.
Application of Information and Communication Technology in Managing Students Records in Polytechnics of Kebbi State
No full textThis study conducted a research and investigated on the Application of ICT in managing Students record in Polytechnics of Kebbi State. In achieving this aim, designed questionnaire were administered to various respondents to find out What ICT facilities or tools are available in the two polytechnics? To what extent is ICT used in the management of information resources and students records in these polytechnics? What are the challenges faced in the application of information and communication technology in management students records by the polytechnics in the state? It was observed that the institutions involved in the study are using some ICT facilities in managing Students records. But these facilities are not sophisticated and the process of managing Students information is not automated. Computer system, database, web portal and internet are the only facilities used in managing these records. We also note that computer system, projector, smart boards, online learning software and school website are the only available ICT facilities within the two institutions. The number of scores recorded give us insight that these ICT facilities are not being used extensively and, form the bases behind much challenges involved, and the challenges noted are lack of sufficient training, inadequate power supply—to make the device workable, insufficient devices, lack of internet related services and maintenance of damaged facilities
The role of extension in activity-based adaptation strategies towards climate impact among oil palm smallholders in Malaysia: a systematic review
No full textAdaptation is a key strategy that can alleviate the harshness of climate change impacts on farming. Adaptation strategies are probably not going to be viable without an understanding of the nature of the impact.Climate change causes higher precipitation fluctuation and less reliable precipitation due to extended drought
periods and extreme precipitation that will adversely affect oil palm production. In Malaysia, the common effects of drought stress are: (i) increase of abortion; (ii) failed or rotten bunch; (iii) fluctuated and low productivity; and (iv) long inflorescences (8-9 months). In addition, excessive rainfall usually reduces road quality, inhibit harvest activity, and flooding. High precipitation and humidity also cause severe destruction to fresh fruit bunches. There are several activity-based adaptation strategies dealing with climate change, i.e. planting material tolerant to extreme rainfall, applying soil and water conservation, reducing water evaporation by weed/cover crop management and mulching, and several agronomic practices to reduce evapotranspiration before the dry season. Implementing. In order to achieve this, extension services play an important role in
educating farmers by encouraging them to learn, adopt new technologies and spread them to other farmers. To ensure the success of the extension program is through understanding their roles as, Technology and information managers, Capacity developers. Facilitators, implementers of policies and programs. Finally, recommends policy implication for an effective agricultural extension system in Malaysia
Ab initio modeling and experimental investigation of Fe2 P by DFT and spin spectroscopies
No full textFe2P alloys have been identified as promising candidates for magnetic refrigeration at room-temperature and for custom magnetostatic applications. The intent of this study is to accurately characterize the magnetic ground state of the parent compound, Fe2P, with two spectroscopic techniques, μSR and NMR, in order to provide solid bases for further experimental analysis of Fe2P-type transition metal based alloys. We perform zero applied field measurements using both techniques below the ferromagnetic transition TC=220 K. The experimental results are reproduced and interpreted using first principles simulations, validating this approach for quantitative estimates in alloys of interest for technological applications.</p
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