29 research outputs found
The 1993 Constitutional Amendment: a procedural ultra vires? / Muhammad Amir Sharipuddin … [et al.]
Get PDFThis paper studies the legality of the 1993 Constitutional Amendment which effectively ended the Malay Rulers immunity from any legal proceedings and the corresponding questions regarding the proper procedures for amending a constitutional provision that needed the consent of the Conference of Rulers. Based from our interview and reading materials we have formed our own understanding of the subject and answered the underlying questions that the amendments brought in picture; that the proper amending procedures has not been followed and that the 1993 Constitutional Amendments is strictly speaking a procedural ultra vires
Defence against adversarial attacks on IoT detection systems using deep belief network
Get PDFAn Adversarial attack is a technique used to deceive machine learning models to make incorrect predictions by providing slightly modified inputs from the original. Intrusion detection system (IDS) is a crucial tool in computer network security for the detection of adversarial attacks. Deep learning is a trending method in both research and industry, and this study proposes the use of a deep belief network (DBN). DBN can recognize data with small differences, but is also vulnerable to adversarial attacks. Therefore, this research suggests an internet of things-intrusion detection system (IoT-IDS) architecture using a DBN that can counter adversarial attacks. The chosen adversarial attack for this study is the fast gradient sign method (FGSM) used to evaluate the IoT IDS using the DBN model. Testing was conducted in two scenarios: first, the model was trained without adversarial attacks; second, the model was trained with adversarial attacks. The test results indicate that the DBN model struggles to detect FGSM attacks, achieving an accuracy of only 46% when it is not trained with adversarial attacks. However, after training with the FGSM dataset, the DBN model successfully detected adversarial attacks with an accuracy of 97%
Among 100 top company Performance of Real Estate Industry: Does Chief Financial Officer Matters? / Syaza Laili Sharipuddin ... [et al.]
Get PDFMalaysia has a wide range of companies that are involved in the real estate sector. Real estate, land, buildings, air rights over the land as well as the ground beneath are examples of features covered in this industry. Real estate includes "land and the improvements connected with it," such as structures (buildings), crops, and even mineral rights (Shaukat 2010; Amadeo 2021). They have many similar features and are "real assets" in the sense that we can touch and feel them, they are grouped. This paper will examine the relationship between the characteristics of the CFOs and the financial performance of the companies in the real estate industry.Thus, the relationship between the CFO’s characteristics and the financial performance will be measured based on eight (8) companies in the real estate industry that were listed in the Top 100 companies in Malaysia. The company involved in this study were Sunway Real Estate, SP Setia Berhad, Eco World Berhad, Tropicana Corporation Berhad, Mah Sing Group Berhad, UOA Development, TA Enterprise, and Eastern & Oriental Berhad. Apart from that, this study assessed the financial performance using two methods: return on asset (ROA) and return on equity (ROE). Rosikah, Prananingrum, Muthalib, Azis, and Rohansyah (2018) mentioned that ROA is used to assess a firm's potential to generate profits by utilizing the total owned assets in the future. The second method of calculating return on equity is to divide the total amount of money invested. Return on equity (ROE) can be regarded as a financial performance indicator determined by dividing net income by shareholders' equity
User Behavior in Using Mobile Commerce (Scale Development: Perspective of Trust and Risk)
No full textThe aim of ours research is to explore the relation between the elements of trust and risk and their impact on consumer behavior in the intention of use of mobile commerce services based on sales. The final goal of this research is to understand consumer behavior in the use of mobile commerce application services in Indonesia by considering the elements of trust and risk in consumer behavior. Finding from previous research have revealed that trust and risk is one of the critical aspects in the use of e-commerce services. This article focus is to discuss the development stages of research instruments development to be used in next survey agenda. By applying Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as a theoretical basis of a conceptual model and the research instrument was developed. Models and instruments then validated through a pilot study involving 75 students as respondents. Survey data were analyzed via Smart-PLS software version 2 to ensure reliability level and validity of the instrument. This study resulted in a validated instrument that will be used to collect data from actual survey
Two-steps feature selection for detection variant distributed denial of services attack in cloud environment
Get PDFThe prevalence of cloud computing among organizations poses a significant problem in ensuring security. Specifically, distributed denial of services (DDoS) attacks targeting cloud computing networks can lead to financial losses for consumers of cloud computing services. This assault has the potential to render cloud services inaccessible. The detection system serves as a remedy to prevent more substantial losses. This research aims to enhance the efficacy of the system detection model by integrating feature selection with three machine learning algorithms: decision tree (DT), random forest (RF), and naïve Bayes (NB). Therefore, our study suggests combining two phases of feature selection into the DDoS attack detection procedure. The first phase uses the information gain (IG) feature selection technique approach, and the second phase uses the principal component analysis (PCA) feature extraction approach. The technique is referred to as two-step feature selection. The test findings indicate that the implementation of two-step feature selection can enhance the performance of the DT and RF detection models by around 9%
Malezya İslam kurumlarının tasavvufi konulara yaklaşımı : kurumsal fetvaların analizi
No full textBu çalışma Malezya’daki İslamî otoritelerin Tasavvufi konulara yaklaşımını, ulusal fetva komitesi ve eyalet düzeyindeki fetva komiteleri tarafından yayınlanan fetvalar aracılığıyla incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada aynı zamanda fetva uygulamalarının bir standarda sahip olamamasının ve fetvaların birbiriyle çelişmesinin nedenleri de ele alınmaktadır. Sufilerin akaid ve uygulamalarına ilişkin fetvalar; vahdet-i vücud, nûr-ı Muhammedî, semâ, rabıta, halvet, yakaza, teberrük, ve istiğase gibi konular ışığında bu çalışma dahilinde ayrıntılı olarak tartışılmaktadır. Malezya’da yayınlanan fetvalardan etkilenen bazı tarikatlar hakkında da detaylı bilgi verilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, seçilmiş fetvalar Malay alimlerin görüşleri ve fetva otoritelerinin kararları ışığında incelenerek ve açıklanarak analitik yöntem kullanılmıştır.This research aims to study the approach of the Malaysian Islamic Authorities on Sufism through the national and state-level fatwas (Islamic legal opinions). The study also will uncover the reasons behind the contradictions and standardisation of the fatwas. The fatwas on Sufi beliefs and practices discussed in the study include Wahdat al-Wujud, Nur Muhammad, Sufi Sama’, Rabita, Khalwa, Yaqazah, Tabarruk, and Istighasa. The details of several Sufi orders affected by the fatwas are also included. The methodology used throughout the paper is based on an analytical approach, involving the explanations and details of selected fatwas, in relations to the Malay scholars’ opinions and the Fatwa authorities’ decision
Ensemble Method for Anomaly Detection On the Internet of Things
Get PDFThe internet of things generates various types of data traffic with a very large amount of data traffic which has an impact on security issues, one of which is an attack on the Internet of Things network. In the IoT data traffic flow, which contains various data, it turns out that the portion of attack data traffic is usually smaller than normal traffic. Therefore, the attack detection method must be able to recognize the type of attack on a very large data traffic flow and unbalanced data. High data dimensions and unbalanced data are one of the challenges in detecting attacks. To overcome the large data dimensions, Chi-square was chosen as a feature selection technique. In this study, the ensemble method is proposed to improve the ability to detect anomalies in unbalanced data. To produce an ideal detection method, a combination of several classification algorithms such as Bayes Network, Naive Bayes, REPtree and J48 is used. The CICIDS-2017 dataset is used as experimental data because it has a high data dimension which contains unbalanced data. The test results show that the proposed Ensemble method can improve the performance of anomaly detection for high-dimensional data containing unbalanced dat
User Behavior in Using Mobile Commerce (Scale Development: Perspective of Trust and Risk)
No full textThe influence of workload, recognition, emotional management and self-esteem on job performances among primary school teacher in Alor Setar, Kedah
Get PDFMinistry of Education has made some changes to the syllabus in school, the new system and syllabus that has been implemented this year more or less changed and affected the way teachers conducting their job. Hence, it increases teacher’s workload because they have to adapt and learn the new system and syllabus. Teachers also claimed that they have a high workload due
to because of the new policy that being implemented by the government. The purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between workload, recognition, emotional management and self-esteem towards job performance among primary school teachers in Alor Setar, Kedah. There are four variables that will be focused on which are, workload, recognition, emotional management and self-esteem. The questionnaire has 39 items that have used five-point Likert scale. Researcher used Statistics Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 22 for analyses the data from the questionnaires. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and correlation coefficient analysis. The results showed that emotional management have a positive and significant relationship towards job performance. Meanwhile, workload was found have significant relationship towards job performance. In order to achieve high job performance, emotional
management and self-esteem skills need to be developed and improved by teachers through consistent and systematic approach. Lastly, limitations of the study and suggestions for future
research were also highlighted in the study
A Literature Review: Acceptance Models for e-learning Implementation in Higher Institution
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