1,721,561 research outputs found
ANALISIS ANGGARAN BIAYA OPERASIONAL PADA PT GAJAH MADA SUKSES TRITUNGGAL SIDOARJO
Get PDFThis research has a topic regarding operational budgets
Analyze operational budgets and know how to manage them
use the budget as a control instrument. Methods in research
June 2022 at PT Gajah Mada Sukses Tritunggal Sidoarjo this will be carried out qualitatively
descriptive. Data collection techniques use observation, interviews,
documentation so that this research shows more data and facts and
using comparative analysis (Favorable or unfavorable).
The results obtained are that management uses the budget
so that all employees can carry out activities or activities in accordance with
established company work program. The variance results from the budget
operational with its realization, namely producing favorable (profitable).
These results show that the company has taken efficiency steps
in terms of company operations
Mobility, phytotoxicity and removal of nanomaterials in a natural water sample / Shanaz Jahan
Get PDFThis research explored the mobility, phytotoxicity and removal of nanomaterials (NMs), in a natural water sample. In this research three metal based NMs, including one newly synthesized polyethylene imine coated silver nanoparticles, PEI@AgNPs (50 ± 10 nm) and two already reported polyethylene glycol coated zinc oxide nano-rods, PEG@ZnONRs (64 ± 10 nm) and uncoated titanium dioxide nanoparticles, TiO2NPs (89 ± 20 nm) were synthesized. To investigate the effect of morphology, two more zinc oxide structures, i.e., zinc oxide nano-needles, ZnONNs (43 ± 10 nm) and zinc oxide micro-flowers, ZnOMFs (1.09 ± 0.2 μm) were also produced. Carbon based NMs comprising of carbon nanoparticles, CNPs (20± 10 nm) and graphene oxide quantum dots, GOQDs (50 ± 20 nm) were synthesized by following earlier work. Packed column experiments were systematically performed to explore the behavior of metal and carbon based NMs using natural river water as flowing medium. For NMs mobilization behavior, two metal based NMs i.e., PEG@ZnONRs and TiO2NPs were selected and analyzed under hydroponic plant growth. The results obtained from the column transport experiments of metal based NMs revealed that, the surface coating play important role in the particle dissolution and ionic metal release. Typically, the ionic metals release i.e., Ag(I), Zn(II) and Ti(IV) were 3 %, 19 % and 12 % from PEI@AgNPs, PEG@ZnONRs and TiO2NPs respectively. The findings obtained from the size and morphology effects depicted that, ZnONNs with small particle size (43 ± 10 nm nm) and simple needle shaped morphology was transported well compared to PEG@ZnONRs (64 ± 10 nm), and ZnOMFs (1.09 ± 0.2 μm) with large particle sizes and angular structures. The transport behavior of carbon based NMs was largely driven by the particle surface charge. CNPs with high surface charge (-40 mV) transported more from the column compared to GOQDs (-24 mV). In addition, the presence of monovalent salt (NaCl) significantly affects the transport behavior of metal and carbon based NMs. Whereas, limited response was observed in the presence of divalent salt (CaCl2). The findings achieved from the metal ion mobilization into the plant revealed that, Zn(II) ions due to the generation of oxidative stress significantly inhibit the physiological and biochemical activity of plant even at small concentration (40 μg/mL). In contrast, no adverse effects of Ti(IV) ions were observed at concentrations up to 200 μg/mL. This contrast finding was due to the distinct mobilization pattern indicating that, both metal ions exert different effects under similar environmental conditions. In remediation part, polymer modified mesoporous silica iron microcubes (P@MSIMC) adsorbent was successfully synthesized. The maximum removal efficiency of adsorbent for PEG@ZnONRs, TiO2NP and PEI@AgNPs was 850 mg/g, 720 mg/g and 550 mg/g while, 600 mg/g and 504 mg/g for CNPs and GOQDs respectively. The kinetics of adsorption process fitted well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Furthermore, the adsorption process was predominantly unaffected in presence of natural water coexisting ions suggesting that, the synthesized adsorbent is excellent for the remediation of metal and carbon based NMs from natural aqueous medium
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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