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Temporomandibular Eklem Disfonksiyonunda Manuel Terapinin Yeri
Get PDFTemporomandibular disfonksiyon (TMD) terimi, kas ve eklemden kaynaklı ağrı, çene hareketliliğinde
azalma, baş ağrısı, tinnitus, eklem sertliği, yorgunluk gibi semptomları içeren ve en sık karşılaşılan
miyofasyal bozukluktur. En sık karşılaşılan belirtiler; ağrı, eklemde ses, mandibular hareketlerde kısıtllılık
ve çiğneme kaslarında hassasiyettir.
TMD eklemde başlayan göz çevresi ve kulağın arkasından boyuna ve omuza yayılan ağrı ile karakterizedir.
Temporomandibular eklem (TME) dış kulak yolunun önünde, temporal kemikteki fossa mandibularis facies
articularisi ile mandibulanın proccessus condylarisi arasında yer almaktadır. Sıkı fibröz doku, artiküler
disk, çeşitli bağ ve kasların meydana getirdiği, kraniumun tek hareketli eklemi olmakla beraber hem
kayma hem de dönme hareketinin olduğu tek eklemdir. TMD, günlük aktiviteleri olumsuz olarak etkileyen
kronik orofasiyal ağrı kaynaklarından en sık görülen bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. En sık 20-40 yaş aralığında
görülmektedir. TMD fizyolojik ve psikolojik nedenlerle oluşabilmektedir. Altta yatan etyolojik faktörler;
TME ve çiğneme kaslarında oluşan yüksek miktarda işlevsel stres ve bozulmuş maksilla-mandibular
ilişkisidir. Bruksizm (diş sıkma) ise psikolojik nedenler arasındadır. TMD tedavisinde diyet, alışkanlıkların
değiştirilmesi, ilaçlar, splint tedavisi, enjeksiyonlar, lazer, terapötik egzersiz tedavisi, manuel terapi ve
cerrahi tedaviler kullanılmaktadır. Terapötik egzersizler ağrıyı azaltma, kasın gevşemesini sağlama,
kas hiperaktivitesini azaltma, kas fonksiyonunu ve eklem hareketliliğini yeniden kazanma amacıyla
uygulanır. Manuel terapi ise normal eklem hareket açıklığını düzeltmek, fibrotik adezyonları çözmek,
lokal iskemiyi azaltmak, propriyoseptif girdiyi arttırmak, sinovyal sıvı üretimini kolaylaştırmak ve ağrıyı
azaltmak için kullanılır. TMD’nin yönetiminde tedavi, kötü duruş, baş- boyun çevresi kaslarda spazm veya
ağrı ve servikal orijinli orofasiyal ağrının tedavisini (üst servikal seviyelerden kaynaklanan ağrı) içerebilir
ve bunlara odaklanmalıdır. Bu derlemede, temporomandibular eklem ve ilişkili yapıların bozukluklarının
tedavi seçeneklerinden olan manuel terapinin etkinliğini araştırmak amaçlanmıştır.Temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) is the most common myofascial disorder that includes symptoms
such as muscle and joint pain, decreased jaw mobility, headache, tinnitus, joint stiffness, and fatigue. The
most common symptoms are; pain, noise in the joint, limitation of mandibular movements and tenderness
in chewing muscles.
TMD is characterized by pain that starts in the joint around the eyes and behind the ear and spreads to the
neck and shoulder. The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is located in front of the external auditory canal,
between the fossa mandibularis facies articularis in the temporal bone and the proccessus condylaris
of the mandible. It is the only movable joint of the cranium, formed by tight fibrous tissue, articular disc,
various ligaments and muscles, and is the only joint in which both sliding and rotational movements occur.
TMD is a public health problem that is the most common source of chronic orofacial pain that negatively
affects daily activities. It is most common in the 20-40 age group. TMD can occur for physiological and
psychological reasons. The underlying etiological factors; It is a high amount of functional stress and
impaired maxilla-mandibular relationship in the TMJ and masticatory muscles. Bruxism (clenching teeth)
is among the psychological causes. Diet, changing habits, medications, splint therapy, injections, laser,
therapeutic exercise therapy, manual therapy and surgical treatments are used in the treatment of TMD.
Therapeutic exercises are applied to reduce pain, provide muscle relaxation, reduce muscle hyperactivity,
regain muscle function and joint mobility. Manual therapy is used to restore normal joint range of motion,
resolve fibrotic adhesions, reduce local ischemia, increase proprioceptive input, facilitate synovial fluid
production, and reduce pain. In the management of TMD, treatment may include and should focus on poor
posture, muscle spasm or pain around the head and neck, and treatment of orofacial pain of cervical origin
(pain originating from the upper cervical levels). In this review, it was aimed to investigate the effectiveness
of manual therapy, which is one of the treatment options for disorders of the temporomandibular joint and
related structures
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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