1,721,022 research outputs found
Trend of Air Pollution and its Effect on Hum.an Health in Hiroshima Prefecture : A Retrospective Study in the Cities of Otake, Kure, Mihara, Takehara, Fukuyama and Kaita Town, 1977-1992
Full text linkThe evaluation of adverse health effects resulting from exposure to relatively low levels of ambient air pollution is currently a major concern. By using methodology that directly addressed the time series nature of data, this study investigated the association between ambient air pollution and respiratory symptoms and eye, nose, throat irritation symptoms. Health effects were determined by using the air quality data from ambient monitoring stations located within the Hiroshima Prefecture area. The air pollution data chosen for this study were the mean of annual average concentrations of sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), suspended particulate matter (SPM) and photochemical oxidants (Ox). The health data were extracted from the Hiroshima Community Health Study conducted in the cities of Otake, Kure, Takehara, Mihara, Fukuyama and Kaita Town during 1977-1992. The Community Health Study data were obtained by using a Japanese translation of the British Medical Research Council (BMRC) Questionnaire. The analysis was limited to the investigation of the health symptoms reported by subjects and the mean annual average concentrations of ambient air pollution in each study area. The results indicated a significant association between SO2 levels and lacrimacy symptoms (p<0.05), runny nose (p<0.05) and cough symptoms (p<0.05). This study also found a significant association between Ox and phlegm symptoms reported by the subjects (p<0.01). In contrast, the results found that there was a negative correlation between NO2 levels and phlegm symptoms reported by subjects. In conclusion, moderate annual changes in SO2 and Ox levels induce a significant increase of health symptoms in the local community
Indoor Air Quality and Ventilation Strategies in the Use of Combustion Space Heating Appliances in Housing
No full textTrend of Air Pollution and its Effect on Hum.an Health in Hiroshima Prefecture : A Retrospective Study in the Cities of Otake, Kure, Mihara, Takehara, Fukuyama and Kaita Town, 1977-1992
No full textIndoor Air Quality and Ventilation Strategies in the Use of Combustion Space Heating Appliances in Housing
Full text linkIndoor air quality (IAQ) in the use of combustion appliances is important for adequate evaluation of air pollution health risks. Since people spend most of their time inside buildings, especially the elderly and children, their exposure to indoor air contaminants can increase health problems in the community. Combustion materials emitted from combustion space heating appliances in housing during the winter may become a serious problem to health, since sources of ventilation are usually left closed to obtain a comfortable temperature level. To evaluate the IAQ and factors that may decrease combustion materials emitted from heaters, a study was done by using a house exposure model. The study found that IAQ in an unventilated house during combustion heater use was poor due to lack of fresh air. When using a heater, natural ventilation should be used to dilute air contaminants emitted from the heater. A concentration of carbon dioxide at about 1000 ppm and a comfortable temperature of 20°C could be maintained by applying natural ventilation of about 0.12 m^2 during the use of an unvented kerosene space heater. However, ventilation also depends on the number of the occupants and the wind velocity. The use of a steamer is also important to provide optimum humidity levels without elevating the respirable dust concentration above the acceptable limit
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
KAJIAN DAMPAK PERUBAHAN IKLIM YANG DIRASAKAN NELAYAN TERHADAP PRAKTIK KESELAMATAN DAN KESEHATAN KERJA (STUDI KASUS PADA NELAYAN DI KOTA SEMARANG)
Full text linkPerubahan iklim telah menjadi isu utama bagi dunia internasional. Perubahan terhadap parameter-parameter iklim seperti suhu, curah hujan, kelembaban udara, dan unsur iklim lainnya telah menyumbang berbagai persoalan lingkungan hidup yang berimplikasi terhadap kehidupan sosial, ekonomi, budaya, serta masalah kesehatan manusia. Selain pengaruh terhadap epidemiologi penyakit, perubahan iklim juga berdampak pada Keselamatan dan Kesehatan kerja. Potensi bahaya perubahan iklim banyak berdampak pada pekerja sektor informal, sehingga perlu metode kerja yang aman sebagai bagian dari adaptasi perubahan iklim. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keluhan subyektif yang dirasakan nelayan akibat perubahan iklim, serta menganalisis hubungan Perceived risiko perubahan iklim yang dirasakan Nelayan terhadap Praktik keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja, melalui pendekatan teori health belief model. Penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional ini, menyimpulkan bahwa 56 % nelayan tergolong kurang aman dalam bekerja, Selain itu terdapat 95% Nelayan merasa mengalami kelelahan kerja dan stress kerja akibat fenomena Perubahan Iklim. Studi juga menunjukan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara variable Perceived Perubahan Iklim dan Praktik Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja, Hasil uji statistik masing-masing variable Perceived adalah sebagai berikut : Perceived kerentanan (P=0,0000, PR=6,474), Perceived Keseriusan (P=0,0000, PR=11,667), Perceived Manfaat K3 (P=0,0000 dan OR=13,368), Perceived Hambatan (P=0,0000 dan OR=4,148), serta Perceived Isyarat Untuk Bertindak yang merupakan faktor paling dominan dalam Praktik K3 (P=0,0000, OR=16,265), Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa konsep Health Belief Model bermanfaat untuk mengetahui faktor pendorong Praktik kesehatan, serta dapat memandu perancangan dan implementasi intervensi promosi Praktik adaptif keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja dalam menghadapi potensi bahaya perubahan iklim.
Kata Kunci : Perubahan Iklim, Praktik, Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja
Climate change has become a major issue in the international community. The changes to climate parameters such as temperature, rainfall, air humidity and other climatic elements have contributed to environmental issues that impact on social, economic, cultural life, and also human health problems. Climate change influences the disease epidemiology and impact on occupational safety and health. The climate change potential hazards has impact on informal sector workers, so they need getting used to safe working practices in a work as part of climate change adaptation. The purpose of this research was to discover the correlation between perceived of climate change risk and safety and health behavior with health belief model theory approach. Quantitative research method of cross-sectional approach has been done to discover the behavior of safety and health of fishermen, result of the research showed 56% fisherman still classified less safe in a work, In addition there are 95% of Fishermen feel experiencing work fatigue and work stress due to the phenomenon of Climate Change The results of the study also resulted in a significant relationship between the variables of persistence and Occupational Safety and Health Behavior, The results of each perceptual variable as follows: Perceived susceptibility (P = 0,0000, PR = 6,474), Perceived Severity (P = 0,0000, PR=11,667), Perceived benefit (P = 0,0000 and OR = 13,368), Perceived barriers (P = 0,0000 and OR = 41,148), and Cues to Action which is the most dominant factor in OHS behavior (P = 0 , 0000, OR = 16,265). The conclusions from this study were the Health Belief Model can be useful to discover the driving factors of the health behavior, and it can guide the design and implementation of interventions to promote adaptive behavior of occupational safety and health in facing the potential danger of climate change.
Keywords: Climate Change, Behavior, Occupational Health and Safet
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