12 research outputs found
Development of Five-Step Diagnostic Test on Light Wave Concepts to Analyze Students’ Understanding Map on The Concepts
No full textDuring the Physics learning processes, students often have difficulty in understanding the concepts so that misconceptions occur. This is what was found in the Light Wave concepts when the Authors did the pre-research at one high school in Nganjuk. For example in Light Diffraction, students assumed that light diffraction be able to bending when it passes through all slit size, does not produce interference, and new waves. The truth is, diffraction in Light Wave occurs when light bends through a small slit and is characterized by interference and a new wave pattern. The misconceptions that occur in the Light Wave have the potential to hinder students' understanding of the following concepts, so they must be detected immediately. This article intends to report the results of writing the five-step conception diagnostic test on the Light Wave concepts, examine its feasibility, and then use it to map students' understanding concepts, as well as to identify the most dominant internal factors that lead students' misconceptions. Based on the feasibility test results, ten valid and reliable questions were selected so they can be used to test students' conceptions. The details are: the internal validity 96% (very valid), the external content validity consists of Correct Fake and Incorrect Fake scores are 3.3% and 4.5% (<10%) respectively, the construct external validity (rxy)=0.416>rtable=0.2638, and the reliability (r11)=0.796 (very reliable). Of the 19 students that were mapped using this feasible diagnostic test, 61.05% of them experienced a lack of knowledge
Fostering green strategy through "a-f-f-i-r-m" model for sustainable development within the environmental-socio-economic system in Malaysia
No full textA-F-F-I-R-M is the holistic approach taken by the Malaysian government in completing an ecosystem for environmental sustainability. It expresses the commitment of all stakeholders toward sustainable development in Malaysia. Thus, it is necessary to complete the ecosystem into one that achieves satisfactory levels of environmental sustainability. Hence, this research intends to explore the suitability adoption of A-F-F-I-R-M within the Foresight Model of the environmental-socio-economic dimension of Malaysian, in which the outcome of the research is important as it can determine whether we (the "actors") would all be able to work together to foster green technology as well as extending this call to the world largely and collectively, changing the landscape of the earth for the betterment of future generations. For this reason, the Author(s) has proposed a refine research framework for more effective study of the issue
Sosialisasi Cara Mengenali Kandungan Boraks Pada Kerupuk Secara Sederhana, Mudah dan Murah Bagi Warga RT 02 RW 02 Kel. Kedondong, Bagor Nganjuk
No full textSebagai salah satu bahan kimia yang membahayakan kesehatan, boraks telah dilarang oleh Pemerintah untuk digunakan sebagai bahan tambahan pangan. Namun faktanya boraks masih sering digunakan oleh oknum produsen makanan, termasuk pada kerupuk agar kerupuk menjadi renyah. Guna melindungi kesehatan masyarakat dari paparan boraks tersebut, maka kegiatan sosialisasi kepada masyarakat untuk mengenali kandungan boraks di dalam kerupuk secara sederhana perlu digalakkan, salah satunya kepada warga RT 02 RW 02 Kel. Kedondong Bagor Nganjuk mengingat bahwa bagi warga setempat, kerupuk sudah menjadi makanan sehari-hari. Pada kegiatan ini, 15 macam kerupuk yang dibeli dari Pasar Wage setempat diuji kandungan boraks menggunakan kertas kunyit. Kertas kunyit yang berwarna kuning karena mengandung curcuma akan berubah warna menjadi coklat kemerahan apabila dilarutkan ke dalam asam borat (zat di dalam boraks) yang terkandung di dalam kerupuk. Dari ke-15 kertas kunyit yang telah direndam di dalam 15 macam larutan kerupuk, 40 % diantaranya telah berubah warna menjadi coklat kemerahan yang menandakan bahwa kerupuk-kerupuk tersebut mengandung boraks. Temuan tersebut ternyata sesuai dengan hasil uji boraks yang dilakukan pada kerupuk-kerupuk yang sama di Laboratorium Farmasi Universitas Airlangga Surabaya dengan metode Asam Borat & Borat di dalam Makanan No. 970.33
Perancangan sistem absensi siswa dengan menerapkan SSO (Single sign on) di SMKN 1 Lembah Melintang
No full textThe author conducted research at SMK Negeri 1 Lembah Melintang that in the implementation of the student attendance process at SMKN 1 Lembah Melintang it was deemed not optimal, this was because the system used was still manual. With the existing problems, several problems arise, especially in the student attendance process. Therefore, a system is needed that will make it easier for teachers to attend students at SMKN 1 Lembah Melintang. The making of this student attendance system uses the PHP/MySql programming language with the research method used, namely Research and Development (R&D). The model used is the ADDIE version (analyze, design, develop, implement, and evaluate) by applying the waterfall. And to test the product, the author uses the validity test, practicality test and effectiveness test. Based on the research that has been done, a student attendance system is produced by implementing SSO (single sign on) at SMKN 1 Lembah Melintang. The results of the validity tests that have been carried out by 3 validators, namely computer science experts regarding this product, obtained a value of 0.75, which is valid. The results of the practicality test conducted by 2 teachers of SMK Negeri 1 Lembah Melintang with a value of 1.03 which is very practical. And the results of the effectiveness test with 10 teachers obtained a value of 0.85 which is very effective
Animasi Interaktif Ragam Kebudayaan Jawa Tengah Berbasis Android
No full textIndonesia has a variety of cultures. One of them is the typical culture of Central Java found on the island of Java. The culture of Central Java itself is very rich and diverse. But along with the times, many people today, especially the citizens of Central Java themselves, are less familiar with their culture. This study aims to create interactive animation as an interesting alternative media based on Android to introduce the cultural diversity of Central Java. The application is created using Adobe Animate CC and Adobe Photoshop. The author uses a descriptive method to describe the object of research, whose data is processed and made into a generally accepted formulation. As for software development, the author uses the waterfall method which has several stages, namely software requirements analysis, design, code generation, testing, and support. The result of the research is an Android-based interactive animation game that can increase people's understanding of the variety of cultures found in Central Java.
Keywords: Interactive Animation, Central Java Culture, Android App
Turkish translation of the Genealogies of Fakhr Al-Dîn Mubârakshâh
No full textBu makale tam adı Muhammed b. Mansur b. Said b. Ebu’l-Ferec et- Teymî el-Kureşî olan ve Fahr-i Mudîr veya Mubârekşâh lakaplarıyla tanınan Fahreddîn Mubârekşâh’ın Şecere-yi ensâb isimli eserinin Türkçe tercümesini ihtiva etmektedir. Hayatı hakkında elimizde çok az bilgi bulunan Mubârekşâh’ın muhtemelen 1150-1157 yılları arasında Multan şehrinde doğmuş olmalıdır. Mubârekşâh tercümemize konu olan eserini miladi 1206 senesinde Mu’izzu’d-dîn Muhammed’e sunmak istemiş, ancak bu hükümdarın öldürülmesi üzerine eserini onun yerine geçen Kutbu’d-dîn Aybeg’e sunmuştur. Müellifin tek nüsha halinde günümüze ulaşan eseri muhtemelen asıl nüshanın yarısından daha azını teşkil etmektedir. Toplam 27 varak olup E. Denison Ross tarafından Tarikh-i Fakhru’d-din Mubarakshah ismi ile Londra’da yayınlanmıştır. Eserin Türk tarihi açısından önemi, Türkler ve Türk boyları hakkında yer yer önemli malumat ihtiva etmiş olmasıdır. Müellif Türkistan’da yaşayan çeşitli toplulukların kullandıkları alfabeler ve çeşitli kasideler, rubailer örnekleriyle birlikte vermektedir. Ayrıca eserde çeşitli Türk boylarının isimlerine de değinilmektedir.This article is a translation of the "Genealogy of Fakhr al-dîn Mubârakshâh, (Shajara-yi ansâb-i Mubârakshâh) whose full name is Muhammed b. Mansur b. Said b. Abu"l-Faraj al-Taymi al-Kureshî, also recognized by the nicknames of Fahr-i Mudîr or Mubârakshâh. We have very little information about his life; he was born probably in the city of Multan (present-day Pakistan) between the years 1150-1157 CE. Mubârekshâh, who is the subject of our translation, wanted to submit his work to Mu"izz al-dîn Muhammed in 1206, but this could not be realized due to the murder of the leader. He later presented his work to Kutbu"d- dîn Aybeg the successor of Mu"izz al-dîn Muhammed. The author's only surviving copy probably represents less than half of the original work. A total of 27 folios have been published in London by E. Denison Ross under the title of Tarikh-i Fakhru"d-din Mubarakshah. The importance of the work in terms of Turkish history lies in the presence of significant information related to Turks and Turkish tribes. Besides, the author provides valuable information about various communities living in Turkestan, the alphabets they were using, several eulogies and quatrains with examples
Інтэрпрэтацыя жанру філасофскай паэзіі ў Італіі канца XIX ст.
No full textРассматривается проблема обозначения границ философской поэзии в историческом разрезе, подчеркивается актуальность поднятой проблематики для современного итальянского и мирового литературоведения. Анализируются позиции современных итальянских литературоведов (Ф. Черчиньяни) и философов (Р. Петтоэлло). В частности, подчеркивается, что между философией и поэзией существенна разница в выборе методологии. С помощью дескриптивно-функционального метода рассматриваются работы по заданной тематике, опубликованные в конце ХIХ в., особенно к столетию Дж. Леопарди. Уделяется внимание работе Л. Капуаны «Современные измы» (веризм, символизм, идеализм, космополитизм), где сферы философии и искусства разграничены, и книге Ф. Де Роберто «Леопарди», автор которой считает Дж. Леопарди примером того, что сосуществование философии и поэзии возможно. Особое место в рассмотрении заданной темы занимает статья итальянского поэта и литературоведа М. Раписарди «Философская поэзия». Своеобразие позиции М. Раписарди заключается в отождествлении поэзии философской и научной и приверженности позитивизму. Таким образом, анализ философско-обобщенного смысла в тексте произведения и его высказывания художественными средствами в поэтической форме, взятых в качестве основных критериев, является перспективным направлением для дальнейших разработок теории данного жанра. = The article describes the problem of indication of the limits of philosophical poetry in the historical context, highlights the relevance of issues, which have been raised for contemporary Italian and international literary criticism. It analyzes the positions of some contemporary Italian expert in literature (F. Cercignani) and philosophers (R. Pettoello). In particular, it emphasizes that there is significant difference in the choice of. With the descriptive and functional method it consideres the works dedicated of this particular subject published in the late ХIХ century, especially in the Leopardi’s centenary year. In particular, it focuses on the work of L. Capuana «Gli “ismi”» contemporanei, where the sphere of philosophy and art delimited, and the book of F. De Roberto «Leopardi», where the author considers G. Leopardi as an example of coexistence of philosophy and poetry. Article of the Italian poet and literary critic M. Rapisardi «La poesia filosofica» is important in understanding of a given topic. Identification of philosophical poetry and sciencies poetry and his commitment to positivism are singularity of the Rapisardi’s position. Thus, the analysis of the philosophical and generalized sense in the text and its expressions with the help of poetic forms, taken as the main criteria is a promising area in research in this field
Інтэрпрэтацыя жанру філасофскай паэзіі ў Італіі канца XIX ст.
No full textРассматривается проблема обозначения границ философской поэзии в историческом разрезе, подчеркивается актуальность поднятой проблематики для современного итальянского и мирового литературоведения. Анализируются позиции современных итальянских литературоведов (Ф. Черчиньяни) и философов (Р. Петтоэлло). В частности, подчеркивается, что между философией и поэзией существенна разница в выборе методологии. С помощью дескриптивно-функционального метода рассматриваются работы по заданной тематике, опубликованные в конце ХIХ в., особенно к столетию Дж. Леопарди. Уделяется внимание работе Л. Капуаны «Современные измы» (веризм, символизм, идеализм, космополитизм), где сферы философии и искусства разграничены, и книге Ф. Де Роберто «Леопарди», автор которой считает Дж. Леопарди примером того, что сосуществование философии и поэзии возможно. Особое место в рассмотрении заданной темы занимает статья итальянского поэта и литературоведа М. Раписарди «Философская поэзия». Своеобразие позиции М. Раписарди заключается в отождествлении поэзии философской и научной и приверженности позитивизму. Таким образом, анализ философско-обобщенного смысла в тексте произведения и его высказывания художественными средствами в поэтической форме, взятых в качестве основных критериев, является перспективным направлением для дальнейших разработок теории данного жанра. = The article describes the problem of indication of the limits of philosophical poetry in the historical context, highlights the relevance of issues, which have been raised for contemporary Italian and international literary criticism. It analyzes the positions of some contemporary Italian expert in literature (F. Cercignani) and philosophers (R. Pettoello). In particular, it emphasizes that there is significant difference in the choice of. With the descriptive and functional method it consideres the works dedicated of this particular subject published in the late ХIХ century, especially in the Leopardi’s centenary year. In particular, it focuses on the work of L. Capuana «Gli “ismi”» contemporanei, where the sphere of philosophy and art delimited, and the book of F. De Roberto «Leopardi», where the author considers G. Leopardi as an example of coexistence of philosophy and poetry. Article of the Italian poet and literary critic M. Rapisardi «La poesia filosofica» is important in understanding of a given topic. Identification of philosophical poetry and sciencies poetry and his commitment to positivism are singularity of the Rapisardi’s position. Thus, the analysis of the philosophical and generalized sense in the text and its expressions with the help of poetic forms, taken as the main criteria is a promising area in research in this field
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No full textPACE TWO
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Ne» York N Y
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. 7 *,.•. a m '.th day
three hour* !•:•■:■ than
.MAIL** f.ti}\f. VtMtTH
Traln--Clo»lna bare Hue to arrive at Time of arrival
No .i.— 8:11 a a: Po-tland. Ore . 1-SO p n n-\t da*
No 7!V— 8:Jl a m Bcattlr Wash., g:10 p ra. next da*
No Tf>— 8:21 a. ra Spokane.Wash., *:T.O a tn. aecoad dav
No. 6f»—- 6:17 p. m Portland. Ore,, 7:20 a.m. second day
No. 55— 5:47 p. tn l**.-«ttle. Wash.. 2:10 p.n* .second da*-
No. 55— 5:47 p. tn Spokane.Waah.. »:45 p.m. aeroBd day
Going Picnicking?
What a Poor Picnic
A Picnic Would Be
*V.thout A Good
Picnic Dinner!
UK ARK IIKAlHJIAHTEItS a-t>R AIM'ETIZJNG
ritvic nKi.irAru>,
THY THanHI Tllirrfl tM.KAMK
Ifetna' »*vie.-t ami teto l-lrkle** l"ln Money 1*1. k!.--.
t-Iltman'a lti|>e Dlivr*
( .-ilifi.rnl.-i V.f.rt n and Svtl*'
IlieetM*
Krn.li Totalo C-talpa
Kttti.1i SariUnew
Anrbovy raste
llr.nt- India Itr-Utr,
I'l-miit Hratlrr
Holland t*M*a-w
rtenrli lUr 1* l»ar
-and«iaM.U
fate l*e Koiea Grave
Earle & Co. Grocers
Phones 837 and 838
Masonic Temple Bid*?
Folder 3: Personal Bibliography. Texts of Various Talks, Papers, Etc., Not Planned for Publication at Present, 1961
No full textCorrespondence with Reverend Robert J. Henle regarding the "Quaestionarium de Catholismi Influxupromovendo".Items in this folder are from Sub-sub-Series 5: Texts of Various Talks, Papers, Etc., Not Planned for Publication at Present. This sub-sub-series contains texts of various talks, papers, etc., not planned for publication at present. In addition to these, in Father Ong's "General Files" series there are copies of dozens of addresses and/or papers that have never been published, plus notes for still other unpublished addresses, lectures, etc. Many of these were eventually published in one form or another -- many, however, were not.Rev. Walter J. Ong, S. J.
Saint Louis University
Saint Louis, Missouri 63103.
Rev. Robert J. Henle, S.J. August 3, 1961
Rev. Walter J. Ong, S.J. "Q.uaestionarium de Catho-licismi
influxu promovendo"
Dear Father Henle:
Here are l~y r<:;plies to the s ev en questions in the
"Quaesti cns r-t urn de Catholic ismi influm promoven do in philo-sophiae
aliarumque scientiarum cultores" from the Sacred Con-gregation
of Seminaries and Universities, a copy of which you
sent me with your memorandum of July 20.
In accord with what I take to be the pur-poa e of this
quostionnaire--to flnd out the real state of affairs--I have
been as frank as ;:>ossihle in my replies. This is the sort
of !'rankness one uses in t aLkLng about matter with superiors.
I should like to make it clear that much of what I say here is
not the sort of' thine I say publicly or even pr-Lvat eLy, unless
under exc e tional circumstances suen as the present.
The ql e s t.Lons are here taken up in the order in which
they occur 1 the ''ius at Lonar-Lum;"
My answers do not prete d to be com?l teo I take it
t what you want from me 19 information on those matters
11er&a by the questions lihi¥h are close to my interests or c!Ol1th
-lch I have some particular f'amiliarit~.
1. Catholic influence on thought is greater today, I bellvve,
than it was at the begi nine of th prc~cnt century. ht least,
there is a willl'lcness Ll many quarters to gl.ve C..• ho i i c s a
ih~arin, h~Jsay t is f om U1Yex, iC::'ience with learned societies,
w Ii.Hdn\1~tHa~a:rr6fisu!:l ¥8£&ttil-Mlerences {American Council of
ALearned Societies, Renaissance Societv of America, Hode r-n
language Aas oc inti Q1 of America; Conf~rence <lI,n Modern Literature
at UiQ jj]1;1l1i8 ilAL BPS Michigan State niversity; 3UII'Jllers e s s aon
teaching at the University of California, 'anta Barbara; Danforth
Lectures at Barbard College, Columbia U>liversi ty; En Len Iru ti-tute
at Columbia University; Humanities Society lect'.lrc at the
State University of Iowai Weil Instituta Conference at C:UlCinnati,
Ohio, connected with the Hebrew Union College; ecc.l , My impres-sion
is tha.t there 18 if1;88 guo;, "Gilland eO! BaUu»11ea t.p 3bC.»
~ tho demand for Catholics to speak rather exceeds the supply
of compet en t Catholic thinkers. The situation evinces an awareness
that Catholicism has something to say, that it is a real "presence,"
at least.
To Fr. HE'n~ fro'n Fr. Ong "Quaestionarium •••" 8-3-61 Page 2
2. There are grave lacunae in Catholic intellectual activity as a
whole--although of course these are not in evidence in all Catholic
thinkers individually. The lacuaae or problems on which I am per-haps
most qualified to speak are those concerning humanistic stuaies
in the large aenae of this term ("liberal" studies).
In such studies--notably literature, history, philosophy,
anthropology, and the social sciences generally--the intellectual
contribution of Cafuol1cs seems to be less than in other comparable
fields. The Catholic Commission on Intellectual and Cultural
Affairs, for example, has no trouble infinding quite a few dis-tinguisaed
Catholic scientists. It has ereat troubel1n finding
Catholics making distinguished contributions to these other fields.
In areas where I am active, Catholic thought tendS as a whole to be
second-line (commenting on what others are dOing, although less
negatively than in the past) rather than positive, imaginative,
and creative.
Catholics are frequently under an illusion concerning the
strength of humanistic or liberal studies in the Catlholic intellec-tua&
and educational tradition. They think it is rong when it is
not. The illusion is possible because of the extensive Catholic
activity in secondary education. By and large, until Catholic
universities and university-level colleges came into bein~ on a
large scale in recent years (chiefly in the United States), secondary
education has been the highest intellectual and educational activity
apart from professional theological training for priests to which
Catholic have devoted themselves corporately. In the ~uropean tra-dition,
liberal studies as part of the curriculum have tended to be
the prerogative of secondary schools--not only language studies, but
even philosophy, the universities devoting themselves exclusively to
completely specialized training. The commitment to the humanities
or to liberal education still felt vaguely throughtout the CatholiC
educational wor~~I~~n~i~~ts in fact largely little more than an
inherited interes'l.,!nr{leCOndaryeducation."r 3 g pi e J 151 to
Today, however, the place of humanistic studies in the curri-culum
has changed. They have mo~ed up--paradoxically enough in an
age reputed to neglect the humanities in favor of technology.
Whereas in the earlier tradition ~ academic study of literatgre as
such virtually ceased after what today would be junior high school
age , and the study of the other "arts,1t indlud1ng philosophy, was
at best confined to the lower reaches of university education,
today higher (graduate) studies can really be anything at all. In
the past there was no regular academic study of literature or history,
not to mention newer SUbjects, even remotely so mature as,'tA1)t~lIdy
of these subjects which is taken for granted in good universities
today.
The Catholic intellectual effort has never caught up with
the present changed situation. In the Batholic tradition study of
SUbjects serving liberal education remains generally--1ndividual
scholars are exceptionsras are some few individual areas of learning
--an operation within a secondary-school, derivative frame of
mind, much to the detriment of the Church's work, not to mention
that of learning itself. Often there persists a very strong
'Po Fr. Henle from Fr. Ong "Quaestionarium ••• ~ 8-3-61 Page 3
feeling that no ris~ should be taken in teaohing, no questions
broaohed unless prepared answers are ready--despite the faot that
maturity, intellectual or other, oannot be aohieved outside a
oontext of risk.
'rhis
or prooedures
ntality is sustained by the following oonditions
among others:
(a) Theology and philosophy are 0 ommonly taught in a
vacuum. Those who teach them--not to mention those who study
them--often show little awareness of the history of ideas, of the
interrolat.L nch Lp be tivre en philosophica 1 thought and. cultural
development s or condit ion s , or betwee n theologioal development s
or devotional practioes and sociological developments. ror
example, devotion to the Sacred Heart as propagated tbr~ugh St.
Margaret Hary Alacoque is r"lated--\.ith s one eff,?rt--to the
devotions of St. Gertrude or St. Nechtilde, but ~ts obvious con-nection
.Il ':', the maa sLve e nnLem-book traaition c ul.ma re t t ng 1n
the sevsnteebth co~tury re~ains unheard of. The result is a
thorough-going unreality, an i'1poverish'1lent or "PlatO!lizing" of
OathoLdc liturgical life and Catholic doctrine, and incapacity to
understand the intersc Lion between Cafu olic teaching and what is
#>ing on in the world tode:r .
(b) Iyith Catholic thought, insofar as it is determined
by theological and philosophical practice, tendinp to operate in
a shielded vacuum, Catholic thinkers tend to be in~~ated from
competition and challenge and are encouraged in medI ocr-Lty ,
'I'ho insulation is most marked in Ji.h~Jlm.njnaries and f'r-omhere
moves out into Catholic educatio~ r'"Clerics are used to this
state of affairs and tend to extend it through Catholic dduoation.
Of course, the fb sterin r of vocati ons def)'rinds LnsuIa t t cn from
the sectGar spirit, but that is not the same as this intellectual
vacuum.
(c) Tbe present Church legi al a't Lon conc er-ni.ng forbidden
books encourages massive intellectual LsoLat.f c.n and derivativeness,
which are all the 11Or" cvt derrt nOH that virtually a_l subjeots have
be cone matter for- a dvanc ed study. Scholars in history, philo-sophy,
Ii tern bur e , anthropology, soc LoLogy, et c , , find themsel ves
in the curious position of being forbidden even to edit texts
whioh are among their chief objects of study! (1 can c~
instanoes--fcr example, the Sister, a Ph.D., who ;'ISS a ake dr't o
edit one of Milton's antiprelaticaI works in the definItIVe edi-tion
of his prose works but vIho had to r fuse the invitation,
thereby doing nothing to prevent the edit5.ng but Simply turning
over the editing and annotating to a non-Catholic scholarl)
Despite the literary and historical and sociological importanoe
of the novel, for example, f 1 l:"~ a series of the key doou-ment
s for the history of th e novel (that is, the important novels
themselves) could not be ed~~~~Yo~9~~hglic scholar, no matter
how learned or how dist inguisne5lr-ubTessne couLd get special
permission, that is, speoial permission to perform what would be
ordinary work expeoted to be in the ordinary line of duty of
To Fr. Henle !'rom Fr. Ong "QuaestionariUl!i ••• " 8-3-61 Page 4
persons in hiB field. Sim:!l!.rly, a Catholic scholar could not
edit the complete works of John Milton, Thomas Nashe, Francis
Bam n, Sir Tholfas Brown, Laurence Stern, Jo Stuart Mill,
to name only a few of the major figures who ~ to be studied
for ordinary competence in English literature. In American
literature Johathan Edwards, Richard Mather, Increase ~~oher, or
Cotton Mather, ~ or indeed almost anybody;RR, tb n
the early American scene is likewise a closed book. Emerson o~E~wards
CO'9.1ctive r~ tho), cen-tering
around the development of personalist or' .,.)1cno-neno Lc.jtca I
or (Christian) "existentialist" thinking. These t ougn both the
speculative life (theology, philosophy, etc.) and the individual's
de'aional and "lived" life, and touch all these immediately. The
new and meaningful insights, in particular, into Trinitarian
theology and Christology should be explOited, as they are indeed
beginning to be; so, too, the new insights into the meaning of the
To Fr. Henle from Fr. Ong "~aestionarium ••• " 8-3-61 Page 6
Mystical Body and of the relationship of the ~hurch to the
human world community. Recent phenomenological and related
thought has perfected ways of thinking and expressing oneself
concerning persons and personal relationships ' forbidden books
anything (whiCh the natural
nub1i~hc1 with proper c re
6. C ncer-n rng the solut ion of tne problem montioned above,
besides the eug ge s t Lona Lnc or-por-at cd in t;1 t . :..'ep1ion a Lr-oauy givoo,
I believe that it v.ould greatly help if a omohou som:"wu7 '101'1. were
more open to university influence.
As for the local Bitua'~~cn pur t LcuLar-Ly, I b"}iLVC hat it
is essential that a theological faculty bc atta~heG to 3t. Louis
University in St. Louis. Until our theology is developed in close
association with active thought in other fields, we have little
dist:.nctive to off'er in Catholic higher e duca t fon s e--Bee IUY memor-an>
dum (Inter-Office Communication) of April 19, 1961, on "Develop-
To Fr. Hen:Le from Fr. Ong "Quaestionarium ••• " 8-3-61 Page 7
ment 0 f Theology in the Uni versi t y" address to the Ver'!! Reverend
Paul C. Reinert, S.J. (a copy wa[s sent to Father Henle).
It would also help intellectual life in the Church if the
liturgy reflected more explicitly the ~hurch'S awarensss of the
pBOblems of contemporary man, of man's real place in the contemporary
world. For example, in the Litanies we pray for peace only for
"Christian kings and rulers" and "all Christian people ,1\ papal pro-nouncements
tot he contrary notwithst§H&:\.Rll or again, the titles
of Our Lady reflec t specifically feudaI~ tnst1tutions (queen, etc , )
but nothing sub se qr ent. Intellectually alert and educ ••ted people
are aware of the dated quality of this idiom and in many cases
depressed by the apparent unrelatedness betw~ what the liturgy
1<alks about eJqllicitly and what they a. Catholics ar~ really con-cerned
with. Many of the things touched on in pap~encyclicals
and paramount in the awareness of intellectually alert persons
remain liturgi~ally unacknowledged (althougbpome modeBt beginnings
have been made, as in dropping the epithets applied to!t;he Jews).
Such thi!igs would be international peace between everybody (not just
Christians), desegregation, the conquering of abject poverty, the
development of understanding and Christian love between various
hostile groups, l~j;p., perhaps the conquest of space. (Are we to wait
until after thisi\l'ias happened before we develop any corporate enthu-siasm
for it?)
7. The most fundamental basis for improved r-e Lat Lcns between
Catholic and non-Catholic universities would, I believe, be
increased parti~ipation by Catholics in intellectual life through
increased contact with others in professional s cho a rly a sacc ia-tions
and 11l other professional ways. This is possible only if
Catholic education is more actively concerned with what is going
on around it, concerned not merely w1th judging the ~ctiv1ties of
others but with pulling its own Weight intellectually in COMmon
problems--wh1ch reans taking some risks.
In general, we need, it seems to me, to cult1vate an
awareness vhat we live in an age when the human race has for the
first time become effectively aware of itself as a whole and of
the circumstant1al relationship of mank1nd to the h1story of this
planet and of the cosmos. In 1nte llectual circles, we need to
make 1t evident that as Catholics we are dedicated to helping
solve the present problems of mankind, with a view to man's
eternal salvation always, but not wi. th a view just to the service
of the Catholic oommun1ty--that is, that we are committed to all
the rea 1 problems of ill of mank1nd, for whomthe Churc h teaches
us Jesus Chr1st died.
Wh.t I have noted here is necessarily incomp~ete and
probably clumsily put, but it is frank with a frankness, as
noted above, possible only because it is not for general
circulation.
Devo.edly in Christ,
Walter J. Ong, S.J.
INTER·OFFICE COMMUNICATION
SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY
To Reverend Walter J. Ong, S.J. Date July 20, 1961
From ~everend R.J. Henle, S.J. Subiect
Dear Father Ong:
I am requesting that the present communication and the
enclosed materials be treated in strict confidence. Kindly do
not discuss them with anyone else.
We have received a series of questions from the Sacred
Congregation of Seminaries and Universities in Rome concerning
the present state of Catholic influence in the world of cult
