24 research outputs found
Why is the self important in understanding and treating social phobia?
No full textCurrent cognitive models of social phobia (Clark & Wells, 1995; Hofmann, 2007;
Moscovitch, 2008; Rapee & Heimberg, 1997) all agree that the self plays a key maintaining role in the
disorder. However, all of these models use a relatively limited conceptualisation of the self. The
author proposes a tripartite approach in which theories of the self are grouped into three broad
categories: content, structure, and process. Content refers to knowledge and information about the
self, structure to the way that information is organised, and process to the ways in which individuals
attend to and regulate the self. Structure has been largely neglected to date, and the author outlines
ways in which the structural organisation of self-knowledge could contribute to social anxiety. High
social anxiety is associated with low clarity about the self and with more uncertainty about selfjudgments.
Structure interacts with content, and in the final part of the article potential interactions
among imagery, self-concept, and self-structure are discussed
The spotlight effect and the illusion of transparency in social anxiety
No full text[Clark, D. M., & Wells, A. (1995). A cognitive model of social phobia. In: R. G. Heimberg, M. R.
Liebowitz, D. A. Hope, & F. R. Schneier (Eds.), Social phobia: diagnosis, assessment, and treatment (pp.
69–93). New York: Guildford Press] cognitive model of social phobia suggests that both public and private
sources of information contribute to the construction of the self as a social object, which is thought to
maintain the disorder. This study used two concepts developed in social psychology that might help to
explain the processes that contribute to the development of this constructed self. These two concepts are the
spotlight effect [Gilovich, T., Medvec, V. H., & Savitsky, K. (2000). The spotlight effect in social judgment:
an egocentric bias in estimates of the salience of one’s own actions and appearance. Journal of Personality
and Social Psychology, 78(2), 211–222] and the illusion of transparency [Gilovich, T., Medvec, V. H., &
Savitsky, K. (1998). The Illusion of transparency: biased assessments of others’ ability to read one’s own
emotional states. Journal of personality and social psychology, 75(2), 332–346]. Participants performed a
memory task under either a low or a high social-evaluative condition. In the high social-evaluative
condition, participants reported higher levels of the spotlight effect and more negative evaluation of task
performance, compared to participants in the low social-evaluative condition. There were no differences
between the two conditions in levels of the illusion of transparency. Surprisingly, however, in the low socialevaluative
condition, participants reported higher levels of the illusion of transparency than the spotlight
effect, whereas, in the high social-evaluative condition, they reported the opposite. Results suggest that the
spotlight effect may be specific to social-evaluative concerns, whereas, the illusion of transparency may
represent more general features of social anxiety concerns. Implications of the results for Clark and Wells’
cognitive model of social phobia model are discussed
Callus Regeneration of Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr. In Vitro
No full textGynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr. is one of the species of Asteraceae which is potential as medicinal. Propagation of the species could be conducted by vegetative, so the plant genetic variability is narrow. Genetic variability could be increased by somaclonal variation through callus culture. There is no report on in vitro regeneration from callus culture, although this method could assist further genetic improvement of plants. In this experiment, different concentrations of 2,4- D (0.1 ; 0.3 ; 0.5 mg L -1 ) singly or combination with BA (0.1 ; 0.3 and 0.5 mg L -1 ) were evaluated for callus induction and several concentrations of BA (0 ; 0.1; 0.5 and 1.0 mg -1 ) combination with kinetin (0.1 and 0.3 mg-1) were observed for ability of callus formed shoots. The results showed that the best media for callus induction was 0.5 mg L -1 2,4-D + 0.5 mg L -1 BA. This treatment produced friable callus structure, no roots and yellowish white. Callus regeneration was obtained on the combination of 0.1 mg L -1 BA. + 0.1 mg L -1 kinetin and 0.1 mg L -1 BA + 0.5 mg L -1 kinetin but the percentage was still low.
Keywords: G procumbens {Lour.} Merr, induction, regeneration, calli, in vitr
In vitro conservation of
No full textMinimal growth storage could be utilized for in vitro plant conservation. Modifying the culture medium or the environmental condition can reduce the plant growth. The aim of the experiment is to observe the effect of macronutrients on the reduction of valerian culture This research was conducted at Tissue Culture Laboratory at the Indonesian Crops and Medicinal Research Institute (ISMCRI). Single axillary buds with leaves of valerian were used as explants. The treatment applied were :1) full-MS medium + 0.1 mg l-1 BAP, 2) ¾ MS + 0.1 mg l-1 BAP, 3) ½ MS + 0.1 mg l-1 BAP and, 4) ¼ MS + 0.1 mg l-1 BAP. After 12 weeks of conservation, the cultures were transferred into a plant growth regulator free-MS medium to observe their regeneration ability after the conservation. Then, the cultures were acclimatized at the greenhouse to observe their further growth. The result showed that using ¼ MS + 0.1 mg l-1 BAP was the best treatment to reduce the growth during 12 weeks of conservation. After in vitro storage, the cultures can grow normally in full strength plant growth regulator free-MS medium, which was characterized by the formation of new shoots. Valerian also produced roots in the same medium. All acclimatized plantlets were successfully established at the greenhouse
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Anna In-Between: Caribbean and not Caribbean: attachment, loss and strange Longing: a conversation with Elizabeth Nunez
No full textPresents an interview with Elizabeth Nunez, author and professor. Nunez discusses the issues on migration, family, and intimacy which are the topics of her novel "Anna In-Between." She explains the demands of the publishing industry that cast a shadow in the world of the novel and the real world of Caribbean writers. This interview was translated by Maria Lusia Ruiz
Delinquency and the (im) possibility of meaning as an author in mathematical discourse. 2
No full textThis PhD research was developed into a socio-educational center, where the researcher works as a Math teacher. It was elected by objective to analyze the (non) meaning of mathematics in adolescent discourse, who is in socio educational measures in the center, in relations produced with the social described in his stories of life and as the author of Problem Situations. The question that drives the research is: Working with adolescents into a socio-educational center, how to open space for this student author in mathematical practice from his life stories? In order to situate the reader, there is a historic resumption of socio education implementation, as it is known today, after the enactment of the Children and Adolescents Statute and the National socio-educational System. These two legal frameworks, together with the legal relations introduced, weave a way to determine the adolescent subject in conflict with the law: he who transgresses social rules and must be punished for it. To unveil the production conditions of juvenile detainees are the themselves written in the form of life narratives, often brought by marginality that point the way. To think the institutional relationship, the research has Chevallard, since this author brings the concept of Didactic Transposition to deal with the passage between the scientific knowledge produced and the academic knowledge. In this Institutional relationship that makes a contrast to Althusser, who thinks the institutions, including the school, as Ideological State Apparatuses. At this work there is concern in conducting a study about the Curriculum of Mathematics to investigate its implementation in the official documents of the Education departments, and go its way until it get to the school. The analytical theoretical scope, Discourse Analysis, in historical materialism, based on Pêcheux and Eni Orlandi served the necessary analyzes. This theory directs the research for the discursive functioning as other sayings tension, crossed by the adolescent had heard, remembered or forgotten during the months in which he was in the socio education center. From the life narratives it opened up the possibility of the intersection of this with the mathematical content. The research seeks to understand in the adolescent's words, his understanding about mathematics curriculum, taught in schools as an essential discipline. For this, it established a process of authorship, in which the adolescent produces Math's Problem situations. In addition, the subject of this work produced individual reports, the analysis of which allowed a fruitful relationship with the elaborated problem situations. As a result of the research it was found in the adolescent discourse the possibility to review your past achievement conditions before his admission and makes a plan for a possible productions later. With the DA approach and the mathematics by the bias of the authorship problem situations, a different possibility is experienced in the educational activities within a math class. The teenager, proposes a Problem Situation, writes part of his own experience and makes connections with mathematical content, even with concepts had not been studied yet. It was found a possibility of encouraging this student to write something that makes sense to him, and simultaneously destabilizes his certainties in this way, he himself feels the necessity to find an answer that is not built, often it is not known. In Problem Situations, developed by adolescents, it is possible to advance to the understanding of a social position, working socially beyond the classroom. During this process, the subject position of adolescents who are in the center is (un) built when the misconception link these positions can uncover something beyond school, reaching the Social Practice.A presente pesquisa de Doutorado desenvolveu-se em um Centro de Socioeducação, no qual a pesquisadora trabalha como professora de Matemática. Elegeu-se por objetivo, desta pesquisa, analisar os (não) sentidos das matemáticas no discurso do adolescente, que cumpre medida socioeducativa - de internação, nas relações produzidas com o social, descritas em suas narrativas de vida e na autoria de Situações Problema. A pergunta que move a pesquisa é: Trabalhando com adolescentes internados em um Centro de Socioeducação, como abrir espaço para a autoria na prática matemática desses alunos a partir de suas narrativas de vida? A fim de localizar o leitor, faz-se uma retomada histórica da implantação da socioeducação, como é conhecida hoje, depois da promulgação do Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente e do Sistema Nacional de Socioeducação. Esses dois marcos legais, em conjunto com as relações jurídicas instauradas, tecem um modo de determinar o sujeito adolescente em conflito com a Lei: aquele que transgride uma regra social e tem que ser punido por isso. Para desvelar as condições de produção dos adolescentes internados são as escritas de si, na forma de narrativas de vida, instauradas muitas vezes na marginalidade que apontam um caminho. A fim de pensar a relação institucional, a pesquisa apresenta Chevallard, uma vez que esse autor traz o conceito de Transposição Didática para tratar da passagem entre o conhecimento produzido cientificamente e o conhecimento escolar. Nessa relação institucional faz-se um contraponto com Althusser, que pensa as Instituições, incluindo-se a escola, como Aparelhos Ideológicos de Estado. No trabalho há a preocupação em realizar um estudo sobre o Currículo de Matemática para investigar a sua implantação nos documentos oficiais das Secretarias de Educação, além de percorrer seu caminho até que chegue à Escola. O escopo teórico analítico, a Análise de Discurso, na perspectiva materialista histórica, pautada em Michel Pêcheux e Eni Orlandi serviu às análises necessárias. Essa teoria direciona a pesquisa para o funcionamento discursivo, enquanto tensão de dizeres outros, atravessados pelo que o adolescente ouviu, lembrou ou esqueceu, durante os meses em que esteve internado. A partir das narrativas de vida abriu-se a possibilidade do entrecruzamento desta com os conteúdos matemáticos. A pesquisa busca compreender nas palavras do adolescente, o seu entendimento sobre a Matemática curricular, ensinada nas escolas como disciplina essencial. Para isso, é estabelecido um processo de autoria, no qual o adolescente produz Situações Problema de Matemática. Além disso, o sujeito desse trabalho produziu relatos pessoais, cuja análise permitiu uma profícua relação com as Situações Problema elaboradas. Como resultado da pesquisa encontrou-se no discurso do adolescente a possibilidade de (re)visitar o antes que compõe suas condições de produção anteriores à sua internação e realizar um planejamento de um possível depois. Com a aproximação da AD e a Matemática pelo viés da autoria de Situações Problema, vivenciou-se uma possibilidade diferenciada na atuação pedagógica dentro de uma aula de Matemática. O adolescente, ao propor uma Situação Problema, textualiza parte de sua própria vivência e faz as ligações com conteúdos matemáticos, até mesmo com conceitos ainda não estudados. Encontrou-se uma possibilidade de incentivar o aluno a escrever algo que lhe faz sentido, e, simultaneamente desestabiliza suas certezas, desta forma, ele sente a necessidade de encontrar uma resposta que ainda não está construída, muitas vezes não conhecida. Nas Situações Problema, elaboradas pelos adolescentes, é possível avançar para a compreensão de uma posição social, daquilo que funciona socialmente para além da sala de aula. Durante esse processo, a posição sujeito dos adolescentes que se encontram internados são (des)construídas quando no enlace equívoco dessas posições é possível descortinar algo para além da Escola, chegando à Prática Social.192
The Sibling Impacts on Gang Membership among the Samoan Communities of Carson and Long Beach, CA
No full textv, 69 p.This study examines the relationship between siblings as well as the impact of siblings on the choice to join or avoid gang membership within the Samoan communities of Carson and Long Beach, California. There exists an influence among siblings, through words and/or actions to join or avoid gangs. Gangs are the social issue in focus and furthermore, the social impact of siblings of joining a gang is an ongoing issue that occurs in the county of Los Angeles. There exists very little research on Samoans, a Pacific Island culture and people originating from the Polynesian islands of Samoa. This study highlights a common issue shared by a minority of the minorities in spaces only heard of through music artists and athletes. As one of the only Samoan students at the College, the author observes that very few people outside of the west coast know of the Samoan people's struggles in the United States. Carson and Long Beach are also only familiar to those from the West Coast, yet gangs are a universal issue known to many people in numerous parts of the world. The author held confidential face-to-face interviews with Samoans from these two cities that had siblings, with the help of a voice recording phone app. Results show that while some respondents agree that siblings have an impact on one joining a gang or not, others reported that it is the individual's choice to join regardless of whether their sibling is a gang member or not. The aim of this study is to get a better understanding of what is going on regarding the issue of gang membership and how to use these findings in order to help youth avoid going down that path
A Description of The Origin of Sitindaon Clan in Batak Toba
No full textThis paper entitled "A Description of the Origin of the Sitindaon Clan in Batak Toba"
aims to outline and describe the origin of the Sitindaon clan in Batak Toba. The method
used in this writing is descriptive qualitative. Qualitative research is descriptive research
and tends to use descriptions. To collect data about the Sitindaon clan among the Toba
Batak through interviews with informants who understand the origins of the Sitindaon
clan, as well as various sources such as books, the internet, and journals regarding the
origins of the Sitindaon clan and the historical genealogy of the Toba Batak. The theory
used in explaining the origin of the Sitindaon clan is Rajamarpondang Gultom.
Rajamarpondang Gultom's theory in the content of his journal reveals that the clan is a
symbol of the Batak family. After the author analyzes and then describes the data based
on the history and genealogy that has been obtained, then the author draws conclusions.50 PagesKertas Karya Diplom
A Description of The Origin of Sitindaon Clan in Batak Toba
No full textThis paper entitled "A Description of the Origin of the Sitindaon Clan in Batak Toba"
aims to outline and describe the origin of the Sitindaon clan in Batak Toba. The method
used in this writing is descriptive qualitative. Qualitative research is descriptive research
and tends to use descriptions. To collect data about the Sitindaon clan among the Toba
Batak through interviews with informants who understand the origins of the Sitindaon
clan, as well as various sources such as books, the internet, and journals regarding the
origins of the Sitindaon clan and the historical genealogy of the Toba Batak. The theory
used in explaining the origin of the Sitindaon clan is Rajamarpondang Gultom.
Rajamarpondang Gultom's theory in the content of his journal reveals that the clan is a
symbol of the Batak family. After the author analyzes and then describes the data based
on the history and genealogy that has been obtained, then the author draws conclusions.50 PagesKertas Karya Diplom
The Effect of Attachment Security Priming and Oxytocin on Physiological Responses to Trauma Films and Subsequent Intrusions
No full textThis is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Elsevier via the DOI in this recordTo further understand protective mechanisms to prevent post-traumatic stress disorder or
assist recovery from psychological trauma, this study investigated whether pharmacological and
psychological activation of a secure attachment representation elicits higher felt-security and a
related response pattern of reduced physiological arousal and increased parasympathetic activation;
and whether it protects individuals from developing intrusions and experiencing distress in the week
following exposure to a trauma film. Using a double-blind, experimental mixed factorial design,
101 volunteers received either oxytocin or placebo and either secure attachment or neutral priming
before watching a trauma film. We measured felt security as an indicator of the strength of
activation of a secure attachment representation, skin conductance and heart rate as indicators of
physiological arousal, and high frequency heart rate variability as an indicator of parasympathetic
activation during the priming and the film. Participants then completed a seven-day intrusion diary.
Secure attachment priming, but not oxytocin administration or the combination of both, was
associated with reduced physiological arousal and increased parasympathetic activity during
priming. Although secure attachment priming was not related to the absolute number of intrusions
or to less perceived distress or physiological arousal during the trauma film, it was associated with
lower intrusion-related distress in the 7-days post-testing. Our findings extend previous research
that suggests the importance of interventions that address intrusion-related distress for recovery
from trauma, and suggest a promising role for secure attachment priming in trauma-focused
psychological therapies. We contribute to the growing literature that finds that higher subjective
distress during a trauma is associated with higher intrusion-related distress. We discuss theoretical
implications and possible mechanisms through which secure attachment priming may exert
potential beneficial effects.Overseas Research Students Awards Scheme (ORSAS)Compassionate Mind Foundatio
