Jurnal Biologi UNAND
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Evaluating Species Distribution Models (SDMs) for Efficient and Accurate Detection of Wild Species Across Landscapes
Full text linkSpecies distribution models (SDMs) have been used across continents and taxonomic groups to guide field surveys and improve detection efficiency. In several studies, SDM-guided approaches achieved Area Under the Curve values between 0.90 and 0.976, with some reports documenting the discovery of new populations (e.g., 4 of 8 species or 5-16 additional sites) and time savings of up to 70% compared with unsystematic surveys. One study noted that Gaussian Process models operated 70 times faster than an alternative estimation method. Additional work indicates that SDMs narrow survey areas and enhance cost effectiveness, particularly when environmental layers and robust occurrence data support model development. These studies show that, when applied with methods such as Maxent and ensemble approaches, SDMs offer a viable alternative to direct field surveys for locating wild species over large areas. Limitations arise when data quality or model specification is insufficient, suggesting that careful design remains essential for reliable outcomes
Perubahan Tutupan Hutan: Studi Kasus Sumatra Barat
Full text linkThe expansion of agricultural and plantation areas, and demands for improved accessibility, particularly on gentler slopes, has accelerated deforestation in West Sumatera. This study investigates changes in forest cover in West Sumatera over the period from 2000 to 2050, using two initial cover datasets from 2000 and 2015. We used driving variables, including elevation, slope, and roads, processed through the Change Modeller in IDRISI TerrSet. Modelling results indicate that forest cover changes are significantly influenced by topography, with gentler slopes experiencing faster rates of deforestation compared to steeper areas. Regions with flat land and easy access are particularly vulnerable to large-scale conversion for agricultural use, especially for palm oil plantations. The results underscore the interplay between infrastructure development and forest cover changes, highlighting the need for careful consideration of environmental impacts in planning and policy making. This study urges the policymakers to implement strategic spatial planning and land-use monitoring to mitigate impacts of deforestation to ensure forest sustainability in West Sumatera
Komposisi dan Struktur Vegetasi Pohon pada Habitat Rafflesia arnoldii R.Br. di Kawasan Hutan Nagari Saniangbaka, Kabupaten Solok
Full text linkThe research on the composition and structure of tree vegetation in the habitat of Rafflesia arnoldii R.Br. in the Saningbaka Forest area, X Koto Singkarak District, Solok Regency, was conducted from March to July 2024.The objective of this study was to ascertain the composition and structure of tree vegetation in the habitat of Rafflesia arnoldii. Vegetation analysis was performed using purposive sampling along a 50 x 20 m transect, with ten subplots measuring 10 x 10 m each. The results revealed a total of 49 individuals, 18 species, 14 genera, and 11 families were identified, with the dominant families being Urticaceae (34.7%) and Meliaceae (20.4%). Meanwhile, the Euphorbiaceae family (10.2%) was identified as the co-dominant family at this study location. The highest Importance Value Index (IVI) was found for the species Villebrunea rubescens (102.4%), while the lowest IVI was for Mallotus peltatus (5.79%). The diversity index at the study site was classified as moderate, with H' = 2.43. Two buds and six individual flowers of Rafflesia arnoldii were observed in the late blooming phase. The Tetrastigma species identified in the study area was T. leucostaphylum
A Rapid Assessment: Insect Diversity Around the Stingless Bee Colony in Edufarm Universitas Andalas
Full text linkInsects dominate the animal kingdom, comprising nearly 80% of all animal species, with around 250,000 species found in Indonesia. Among these, stingless bees are a diverse group with over 60 genera. Some stingless bees are cultivated in meliponiculture, practiced around homes and plantations. This study aimed to assess insect diversity near stingless bee colonies in the Education Farm (Edufarm), Universitas Andalas, through a rapid assessment conducted over two days in May 2024. A transect was established with three U-shaped sub-transects surrounding a stingless bee colony. The modify quadra protocol sampling (honey bait traps, leaf litter, soil cores, and hand collecting) was used around the colony. The study identified 1153 individuals from 6 orders, 9 families, and 15 species of insects, with Formicidae from Hymenoptera being the most dominant. This research offers valuable insights into insect diversity around stingless bee colonies at Edufarm and can inform better management strategies for stingless bees and the ecological structure of surrounding environments
INVENTORY OF CELASTRACEAE (PARUPUK-PARUPUKAN) SPECIES BASED ON HERBARIUM SPECIMENS OF ANDALAS UNIVERSITY (ANDA)
No full textCelastraceae has various benefits. However, research on the identification and distribution of Celastraceae species, particularly in Sumatra, is still limited. Therefore, further studies are needed on the identification and distribution of Celastraceae in Sumatra. The Herbarium of Universitas Andalas (ANDA) has a collection of Celastraceae specimens, most of which have not been identified to the species level. Given the high diversity of flora in Indonesia, especially in Sumatra, identifying Celastraceae species is an important step to better understand the potential of these plants. This study aims to determine Celastraceae species and their distribution based on specimens from Herbarium ANDA, which is expected to enrich scientific knowledge about biodiversity in Indonesia and open up opportunities for further utilization of the Celastraceae family. The method used is herbarium-based, involving the management of specimens from Herbarium ANDA. This study identified fifteen species from six genera: Celastrus, Euonymus, Glyptopetalum, Lophopetalum, Microtropis, and Salacia. The distribution of Celastraceae plants in Herbarium ANDA covers West Sumatra, North Sumatra, Riau, and one species from Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. Most specimens are from West Sumatra, with the distribution detailed as follows: seven species from Padang; two species each from Solok, Lima Puluh Kota, Pasaman, and Mentawai; and one species from Agam and Pasaman Barat. In Riau Province, two species were found in Kampar, and in North Sumatra Province, one species was found in South Tapanuli.Keywords:Â Celastraceae, Distribution, Inventory, Species
Species Distribution Modelling on Long-tailed Macaque (Macaca fascicularis) in Padang, West Sumatra
Full text linkHuman activity is a major factor in the decline of primate biodiversity, including long-tailed macaques, which thrive in varied habitats, even near human settlements. This overlap can lead to conflicts for both humans and macaques. The objective of this study is to determine the distribution of long-tailed macaques through direct observation and potential distribution based on habitat suitability modelling using MaxEnt. Six environmental variables were selected based on the ecological traits of long-tailed macaques, including forest cover, population density, distance to roads, distance to forests, distance to conservation areas, and land use type. Moreover, 32 coordinate points were identified in Padang for locating long-tailed macaque and modelled using MaxEnt. The results indicate that long-tailed macaques are primarily distributed in areas with forest cover but are close to anthropogenic activities. The modelling reveals that the habitat suitability for this species in Padang tends to be low to moderate. The environmental variables that exert the most significant influence on their distribution are distance to roads and forest cover (53.3% and 20.1% respectively). Consequently, areas with a higher potential of habitat suitability required particular attention to manage conflicts and populations to avoid potential negative impacts that could arise
Daftar Awal Jenis Capung (Odonata) di Pulau Patotogat, Mentawai, melalui Metode Fotografi
Full text linkPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginventarisasi spesies capung (Odonata) di Pulau Patotogat, Mentawai, dengan menggunakan pendekatan fotografi. Sebanyak 6 spesies Odonata berhasil diidentifikasi, terdiri dari 5 spesies subordo Anisoptera (famili Libellulidae) dan 1 spesies subordo Zygoptera (famili Coenagrionidae). Spesies Teinobasis ruficollis dari subordo Zygoptera ditemukan dalam kategori Hampir Terancam (NT) menurut IUCN, yang menunjukkan perlunya tindakan konservasi. Penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya Pulau Patotogat sebagai habitat unik bagi keanekaragaman hayati, serta urgensi untuk memperbarui data distribusi spesies ini untuk mendukung upaya konservasi. Metode fotografi yang digunakan efektif dalam mengumpulkan data tanpa mengganggu populasi spesies
Kekayaan Jenis Tumbuhan Berbunga pada Area Geopark Silokek, Sijunjung, Sumatera Barat.
Full text linkPenelitian ini menginformasikan keanekaragaman hayati tumbuhan berbunga di Geopark Silokek, Sumatera Barat, sebuah kawasan karst yang unik. Survei lapangan dengan cara jelajah dilakukan untuk menginventarisasi spesies tumbuhan berbunga dan mengevaluasi status kelangkaan dan konservasi serta kekhasan ekologis mereka. Hasilnya menunjukkan keberadaan 164 spesies tumbuhan berbunga dalam 121 genus dan 55 famili. Famili Moraceae dan Gesneriaceae merupakan famili dengan jenis terbanyak. Enam spesies diantaranya termasuk penting dari segi taksonomi dan konservasi, dengan status rentan terhadap kepunahan dan juga endemik di Sumatera antara lain Quercus oidocarpa, Vanda sumatrana dan Zingiber macradenium. Selain itu, tujuh jenis lain merupakan tumbuhan indikator kawasan karst antara lain Impatiens tribuana, Paraboea treubii dan Monophyllaea horsfeldii
Analisis Vegetasi Tumbuhan Bawah Di Kawasan Hutan Lindung Kenagarian Padang Mentinggi, Kecamatan Rao, Kabupaten Pasaman
Full text linkPenelitian mengenai analisis vegetasi tumbuhan bawah di kawasan hutan lindung Kenagarian Padang Mentinggi, Kecamatan Rao, Kabupaten Pasaman telah dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari sampai Mei 2022. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komposisi dan struktur vegetasi tumbuhan bawah. Analisis vegetasi dilakukan dengan pembuatan transek sepanjang 120 m yang di tempatkan secara purposive sampling. Plot dibuat dengan berukuran 2x2 m, sebanyak 12 plot yang diletakkan secara sistematik berselang seling di sepanjang transek dengan jarak antar plot 8 m. Pada setiap plot dilakukan pengamatan terhadap jenis tumbuhan bawah dan jumlah individu masing-masing jenis serta dilakukan pengoleksian semua jenis untuk diidentifikasi di Herbarium Universitas Andalas (ANDA). Berdasarkan pengamatan dilapangan ditemukan kelompok tumbuhan bawah yaitu vegetasi dasar dan seedling, yang terdiri dari 26 famili. Vegetasi dasar memiliki 22 jenis dengan 246 individu, sedangkan seedling terdiri dari 15 jenis dengan 77 individu. Famili dominan adalah Melastomataceae dengan nilai 20,74%. Jenis yang paling dominan yaitu dari kelompok vegetasi dasar yang juga termasuk tumbuhan asing invasif adalah Clidemia hirta dengan indeks nilai penting 32,01%. Jenis yang paling sedikit ditemukan adalah Sarcandra glabra, Vitex pinnata, Coscinium fenestratum, Ficus villosa, Ficus sp., Syzgium sp. dan Breynia oblongifolia dengan indeks nilai penting 1,72%. Indeks keanekaragaman tumbuhan bawah di kawasan ini tergolong tinggi dengan nilai (H`= 3,18). Berdasarkan penelitian dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa vegetasi dasar lebih banyak ditemukan dari pada anakan pohon (seedling) dan tumbuhan yang paling banyak mendominasi daerah penelitian ini dari kelompok tumbuhan invasif yaitu Clidemia hirta
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Penyemprotan Auksin Pada Padi (Oryza Sativa) Yang Diberikan Simulasi Cekaman Salinitas
Full text linkAgriculture is a vital sector in meeting global food needs. The fulfillment of food needs has environmental challenges that cause plants to be exposed to abiotic stress, namely salinity stress. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of auxin spraying concentration on rice given salt stress. The concentration of auxin sprayed was 25 µm, 37.5 µm, 50 µm, while the concentration of salt given was 0 µm, 15 µm, 30 µm, 45 µm. This research is an experimental research. The research was conducted at the Basic Biology Laboratory, Department of Biology, FMIPA, Universitas Negeri Padang Parameters observed were root length, crown length, relative water content, and dry weight. The results showed that the root length showed significant results after a two-way ANOVA test which means that there is an influence on root length while the crown length, relative water content, and dry weight did not show significant results