2,773 research outputs found
Framework for Cyber Threats in Social Networks
No full textAbstract: Social networking is the most common way of communication nowadays. Maintaining the information’s confidentiality, integrity and availability becomes a very critical aspect. As the number of users on social media keep increasing, the amount of data about the users are available on the network is also increasing. Attacks on these networks are currently at an all-time high which can be by Phishing attacks, Botnets, Sybil Attack, Profile Cloning, Spam, Denial of service to name a few of them. There are a number of threats possible on social networks. Data in social networks must be protected from various types of cyber-attacks. The main requirement is providing security to such networks. Maintaining the information’s confidentiality, integrity and availability becomes a very critical aspect. As and when security is being provided to these networks, attacks are also evolving. Cyber-attacks are becoming complex which means that sometimes the threat for which the solution needs to be found is unknown. Threats are becoming automated, hence, using less efficient algorithms for cyber security is not the optimal solution. Hence, machine learning is used to support cyber security to social networks. A framework is built which comprises of the steps such as Data Collecting, Data Preparing, Applying Machine Learning Techniques, Post-processing by applying domain specific knowledge to build a secure system for social networks using machine learning techniques.Published By:
Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
and Sciences Publication (BEIESP)
© Copyright: All rights reserved
Lysobacter
No full textThe genus Lysobacter is among the youngest bacterial genera encompassing plant beneficial strains. In the last 40 years the number of bacterial species included in this genus increased, and the advent of sequencing technologies helped to show the characteristics of these bacteria. In this regard, it was proven that the absence of a flagellum is a feature not shared by all the Lysobacter species and, moreover, the cell motility of some species mainly relies on the formation of type IV pili. Culture dependent and independent methods revealed that Lysobacter members are cosmopolitan bacteria able to colonize different environments and to persist in extreme environments. Looking at the agroecosystem, strong evidence was provided on the association of these bacteria with plants, and their correlation with the phenomenon of soil suppressiveness was also shown. Although their ability to actively colonize plants and soils, the number of Lysobacter spp. strains studied for their plant beneficial potential is still limited. This might be related to the unavailability of growth media specific for the isolation of Lysobacter members. In this chapter, a semiselective growth medium was designed for the isolation of strains belonging to L. antibioticus, L. capsici, L. enzymogenes, and L. gummosus species, based on their capability to resist antibiotics. Moreover, these species are composed mostly of the plant beneficial Lysobacter spp. strains characterized so far. Their ability to control plant pathogenic bacteria, fungi, nematodes, oomycete, and protists mainly relied on various mechanisms of action such as the competition for space, the induction of plant defense mechanisms, the predation and the release of antibiotics, lytic enzymes, and volatile organic compounds. In the last ten years, more evidence has been provided about the presence of Lysobacter spp. in agricultural soils contaminated by heavy metals and petroleum derivatives. Although in their infancy, several studies proved that bacteria belonging to this genus may be applied for the bioremediation of contaminated agricultural soils. Overall, Lysobacter spp. may be considered a valuable reservoir of novel bacterial strains that may be developed to make the future of crop production more sustainable
Psychometric Properties of the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children in Italy: Testing the Validity Among a General and Clinical Pediatric Population
No full textThe purpose of this research was to assess an Italian version of the Physical Activity Questionnaire
for Older Children (PAQ-C-It). Three separate studies were conducted, whereby
testing general psychometric properties, construct validity, concurrent validity and the factor
structure of the PAQ-C-It among general and clinical pediatric population. Study 1 (n =
1170) examined the psychometric properties, internal consistency, factor structure (exploratory
factor analysis, EFA) and construct validity with enjoyment perception during physical
activity. Study 2 (n = 59) reported on reliability, construct validity with enjoyment and BMI,
and on cross-sectional concurrent validity with objectively measured MVPA (tri-axial accelerometry)
over the span of seven consecutive days. Study 3 (n = 58) examined the PAQ-CIt
reliability, construct validity with BMI and VO2max as the objective measurement among a
population of children with congenital heart defects (CHD). In study 2 and 3, the factor structure
of the PAQ-C-It was then re-examined with an EFA. The PAQ-C-It showed acceptable
to good reliability (alpha .70 to .83). Results on construct validity showed moderate but significant
association with enjoyment perception (r = .30 and .36), with BMI (r = -.30 and -.79
for CHD simple form), and with the VO2max (r = .55 for CHD simple form). Significant concurrent
validity with the objectively measured MVPA was reported (rho = .30, p < .05). Findings
of the EFA suggested a two-factor structure for the PAQ-C-It, with items 2, 3, and 4
contributing little to the total score. This study supports the PAQ-C-It as an appropriate
instrument to assess the MVPA levels of Italian children, including children with simple
forms of CHD. Support is given to the possible instrument effectiveness on a large international
perspective in order to level out data gathering across the globe
Phosphazene-Based Covalent Organic Polymer Decorated with NiCo2O4Nanocuboids as a Trifunctional Electrocatalyst: A Unique Replacement for the Conventional Electrocatalysts
No full textDeveloping nonprecious metal-based electrocatalysts to convert water into green fuels (H2 and O2) is key to address urgent climate and energy challenges. We have prepared an electrocatalyst by the immobilization of NiCo2O4 on a phosphazene-based covalent organic polymer (P-COP) through a facile hydrothermal method. The elemental composition of the P-COP showed the presence of a greater amount of heteroatoms N (6.62%) and P (5.62%) throughout the polymer support. Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) were utilized to determine the atomic structure of the nanocuboids, which depicted the formation of an inverse spinel structure. A NiCo2O4-P-COP-based electrode was simultaneously used for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), and it displayed a minimum overpotential of 270 and 130 mV (V vs RHE), respectively, at a current density of 10 mA cm-2. In addition, it acted as an oxygen reduction catalyst with a half-wave potential of 0.83 V (V vs RHE) and a maximum current density of 4.5 mA cm-2. The electrocatalytic activity is comparable with that of the commercially available Pt and RuO2 catalysts. The combined experimental and computational studies confirm that the catalytic centers formed through the interaction between the heteroatoms (N and P) in the phosphazene matrix and metal oxides (Co and Ni) play an important role in its improved durability and electrocatalytic activity
Bibliographics for the 983 eprints in the live archives of E-LIS : trends and status report up to 7th July 2004, based on author-self-archiving metadata
No full textThe priority for ideas and philosophy related to "Network Theory" have been traced back and documented by Braun(2004),and credit goes to Karinthy(1929).The IT has empowered to realise it, as the most practical phenomena and it is no more a humour. The OAI (Open Archives Initiatives)and ACIS (Academic Contributor Information System)are progressive in the direction ,which may lead to realise the "Collective Genius" at global level. Focus of present study is on Author-Self-Archiving (A-S-A)Metadata of the 983 Eprints in the Live Archives of the E-LIS (EPrints of Library and Information Science),which were approved till 7th July 2004.The A-S-A Metadata was used for librametric analysis. Self-explanatory bibliographics are illustrated.The highlights include: Conference papers (34%); highest approval, June 2004 (28%); published archives (76%);not refereed (52%); not in public domain (60%); highest self-archiving-author (De Robbio, Antonella).The Nos. of EPrints having single JITA domain specifications were: Theoretical and general aspects of libraries and information(27); Information use and sociology of information(80);Users,literacy and reading(13);Libraries as physical collections(30);Publishing and legal issues(57);Management(13);Industry, profession and education(36);Information sources, supports, channels(113) ; Information treatment for information services, Information functions and techniques (101); Technical services libraries, archives and museums(25); Housing technologies(1); Information technology and library technology(92); and Inter-domainery (395) i.e. having specifications of two or more than two JITA classes
Spin-crossover in iron(II)-phenylene ethynylene-2,6-di(pyrazol-1-yl) pyridine hybrids: Toward switchable molecular wire-like architectures
No full textLuminescent oligo(p-phenylene ethynylene) (OPE) and spin-crossover (SCO) active Fe(II)-2,6-di(pyrazol-1-yl) pyridine (BPP) systems are prominent examples proposed to develop functional materials such as molecular wires/memories. A marriage between OPE and Fe(II)-BPP systems is a strategy to obtain supramolecular luminescent ligands capable of metal coordination useful to produce novel spin-switchable hybrids with synergistic coupling between spin-state of Fe(II) and a physical property associated with the OPE skeleton, for example, electronic conductivity or luminescence. To begin in this direction, two novel ditopic ligands, namely L1 and L2, featuring OPE-type backbone end-capped with metal coordinating BPP were designed and synthetized. The ligand L2 tailored with 2-ethylhexyloxy chains at the 2 and 5 positions of the OPE skeleton shows modulated optical properties and improved solubility in common organic solvents relative to the parent ligand L1. Solution phase complexation of L1 and L2 with Fe(BF4)2•6H2O resulted in the formation of insoluble materials of the composition [Fe(L1)]n(BF4)2n and [Fe(L2)]n(BF4)2n as inferred from elemental analyses. Complex [Fe(L1)]n(BF4)2n underwent thermal SCO centred at T 1/2 = 275 K as well as photoinduced low-spin to high-spin transition with the existence of the metastable high-spin state up to 52 K. On the other hand, complex [Fe(L2)]n(BF4)2n, tethered with 2-ethylhexyloxy groups, showed gradual and half-complete SCO with 50% of the Fe(II)-centres permanently blocked in the high-spin state due to intermolecular steric interactions. The small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) pattern of the as-prepared solid complex [Fe(L1)]n(BF4)2n revealed the presence of nm-sized crystallites implying a possible methodology towards the template-free synthesis of functional-SCO nanostructures
Green synthesis of a redox-active riboflavin-integrated Ni-MOF and its versatile electrocatalytic applications towards oxygen evolution and reduction, and HMF oxidation reactions
No full textThe post-synthetic modification (PSM) of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with redox-active molecules under mild conditions is a highly challenging approach to modify the inherent properties of MOFs without altering their crystallinity and other characteristics. Here, we prepared a single crystal Ni-MOF with a two-dimensional rod-like morphology. Furthermore, we utilized the PSM technique to incorporate redox-active riboflavin (Rbf) in the Ni-MOF using a green and facile mechanochemical method under solvent-free conditions. The Rbf-doped Ni-MOF (Rbf-Ni-MOF) showed a 4-fold increase in conductivity compared to the pristine Ni-MOF. We employed the Rbf-Ni-MOF as a multifunctional electrocatalyst towards the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). As an OER electrocatalyst, the Rbf-Ni-MOF delivered a high current density of 580 mA cm−2, which is around 26-fold greater than those of Rbf and the pristine Ni-MOF. The prep..
The management learning tool: Andragogy
No full textThe name andragogy was first used by a German grammar school teacher named Alexander Kapp in 1833 to portray the educational theory of the Greek philosopher Plato. He used it to refer to the normal process by which adults engage in continuing education. The first use of the term "andragogy" to catch the extensive attention of adult educators was in 1968, when Knowles, then a professor of adult education at Boston University, introduced the term (then spelled "andragogy") through a journal article. Andragogy is an educational theory that utilizes the adult’s life experiences to teach and aid in learning rather than using someone else’s experience in an attempt to teach. Since this is a way of teaching and learning, the principles lend andragogy to be accepted as a theory. Andragogy applies to any form of adult learning and has been used extensively in the design of organizational training programs (especially for "soft skill" domains such as management development). Andragogical methods are best when they can be applied are in community situation and industry/corporate situations that are supportive of a self-directed learner. Human Resource departments should also consider andragogical principals when designing their employee development programs, providing the organization whose management style is one that is represented by McGregor’s Theory Y. By placing a value on training and development, employees will be motivated to learn new skills to help them in their career development.Andragogy, Management learning tool
Multivariate Quantitative Representativeness and Constituency Analysis of Ecological Observation Networks
No full textCite this code as: Kumar, J. (2023). Multivariate Quantitative Representativeness and Constituency Analysis of Ecological Observation Networks (Version 1.0) [Computer software]. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8048530
Multivariate Quantitative Representativeness and Constituency Analysis of Ecological Observation Networks
Author: Jitendra (Jitu) Kumar ([email protected]), Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Regional and global ecological research networks, representing coordinated and standardized as well as adhoc networks of observation sites, provide valuable observations necessary for ecological modeling and synthesis studies. Studies conducted across observational networks strive to scale up their results to larger areas, trying to reach conclusions that are valid throughout regional, continental, and even global scales. Network representativeness and constituency can show how well conditions at those locations represent conditions elsewhere within a larger area containing the network and can be used to help scale-up results over larger regions.
Representativeness: Euclidean distance between two sites plotted in multivariate environmental space can be used as an inverse measure of multivariate similarity to quantify representativeness. Close sites in environmental space have a similar combination of environmental factors, and therefore are highly representative of each other.
Constituency: For any site in the network, its Constituency represent all locations that are best represented by the multivariate environmental drivers at that site.
Code Compilation:
make
Edit the ```makefile``` as needed for your platform.
CC=gcc
CFLAGS= -O3
hpea: network_representativeness.o\
utility.o
(CFLAGS) *.o -lm -o network_representativeness
.o:
(CFLAGS) -c $<
clean:
\rm *.o network_representativeness
Running the representativeness analysis:
Usage: network_representativeness -infile input data file [ASCII]
-coordsfile coordinate file name
-clustfile coordinate file name [OPTIONAL -- must be used with -siteclustfile]
-sitefile site data file name
-siteclustfile site data file name [OPTIONAL -- must be used with -clustfile]
-nsites No. of sites
-minmaxfile minmax file name
-outfile output file name
-nrows No. of rows in input data
-ncols No. of variables
-details [OPTIONAL -- turn on output representativeness for each site, default is to write network representativeness and constituency only.]
-help program usage help.
Publications using ```network_reprentativeness``` code:
Kumar, J., Coffin, A. W., Baffaut, C., Ponce-Campos, G., Witthaus, L., and Hargrove, W. W. (2023) "Quantitative Representativeness and Constituency of the Long-Term Agroecosystem Research Network, and Analysis of Complementarity with Other Existing Ecological Networks", Environmental Management (in press)
M. M. T. A. Pallandt, J. Kumar, M. Mauritz, E. A. G. Schuur, A.-M. Virkkala, G. Celis, F. M. Hoffman, and M. Göckede. Representativeness assessment of the pan-arctic eddy covariance site network and optimized future enhancements. Biogeosciences, 19(3):559--583, 2022. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-559-2022
J. Kumar, F. M. Hoffman, W. W. Hargrove, and N. Collier. Understanding the representativeness of FLUXNET for upscaling carbon flux from eddy covariance measurements. Earth System Science Data Discussion, 2016:1--25, August 2016. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2016-36.If you use this software, please cite it as below.
Kumar, J. (2023). Multivariate Quantitative Representativeness and Constituency Analysis of Ecological Observation Networks (Version 1.0) [Computer software]. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.804853
Room-temperature tunnel magnetoresistance across biomolecular tunnel junctions based on ferritin
No full text10.1088/2515-7639/abfa79JPhys Materials43035003-03500
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