1,720,956 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Višestruko istovremeno dokiranje malih molekula u aktivno mjesto butirilkolinesteraze primjenom dubokog pojačanog učenja
No full textCholinesterase inhibitors are often used in treating Alzheimer’s disease. Molecular docking
represents an important tool in the design of novel inhibitors. In this study, a multicomponent
quantum chemical Monte Carlo semi flexible molecular docking of four selected components of
the Ugi reaction was performed inside the active site of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). The IC 50
value of compounds was evaluated, and artificial neural networks (ANNs) were trained by deep
reinforcement learning for two of them, using results from docking. Even though components
alone do not inhibit BChE significantly, formaldehyde and benzylamine can be used jointly for
the design of novel drugs because they bind closely to the enzyme’s catalytic triad. In addition,
the advantage of using the three component Ugi reaction is highlighted. Finally, ANN was shown
to be successful in representing a potential energy surface of docking simulations. O btained ANN
can be used as a scoring function for future dockings, with significantly shorter calculation time.U liječenju Alzheimerove bolesti često se koriste inhibitori kolinesteraza. Molekularno dokiranje važan je alat u dizajnu novih inhibitora, a u ovome je radu unutar aktivnog mjesta butirilkolinesteraze (BChE) provedeno multikomponentno kvantno-kemijsko Monte Carlo polufleksibilno dokiranje četiriju komponenata Ugijeve reakcije. Određene su im i vrijednosti IC50 te su za dvije od njih istrenirane umjetne neuronske mreže (ANN) primjenom dubokog pojačanog učenja za opis rezultata dokiranja. Iako zasebne molekule ne inhibiraju značajno BChE, formaldehid i benzilamin zajedno mogu poslužiti u dizajnu novih lijekova jer se vežu u blizini katalitičke trijade enzima. Uz to, istaknuta je prednost uporabe trokomponentne Ugijeve reakcije. Naposlijetku, pokazano je da se ANN može uspješno koristiti u reprezentaciji plohe potencijalne energije dokiranja. Dobivena mreža može ubuduće poslužiti kao funkcija bodovanja, uz znatno kraće trajanje proračuna
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Višestruko istovremeno dokiranje malih molekula u aktivno mjesto butirilkolinesteraze primjenom dubokog pojačanog učenja
No full textCholinesterase inhibitors are often used in treating Alzheimer’s disease. Molecular docking
represents an important tool in the design of novel inhibitors. In this study, a multicomponent
quantum chemical Monte Carlo semi flexible molecular docking of four selected components of
the Ugi reaction was performed inside the active site of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). The IC 50
value of compounds was evaluated, and artificial neural networks (ANNs) were trained by deep
reinforcement learning for two of them, using results from docking. Even though components
alone do not inhibit BChE significantly, formaldehyde and benzylamine can be used jointly for
the design of novel drugs because they bind closely to the enzyme’s catalytic triad. In addition,
the advantage of using the three component Ugi reaction is highlighted. Finally, ANN was shown
to be successful in representing a potential energy surface of docking simulations. O btained ANN
can be used as a scoring function for future dockings, with significantly shorter calculation time.U liječenju Alzheimerove bolesti često se koriste inhibitori kolinesteraza. Molekularno dokiranje važan je alat u dizajnu novih inhibitora, a u ovome je radu unutar aktivnog mjesta butirilkolinesteraze (BChE) provedeno multikomponentno kvantno-kemijsko Monte Carlo polufleksibilno dokiranje četiriju komponenata Ugijeve reakcije. Određene su im i vrijednosti IC50 te su za dvije od njih istrenirane umjetne neuronske mreže (ANN) primjenom dubokog pojačanog učenja za opis rezultata dokiranja. Iako zasebne molekule ne inhibiraju značajno BChE, formaldehid i benzilamin zajedno mogu poslužiti u dizajnu novih lijekova jer se vežu u blizini katalitičke trijade enzima. Uz to, istaknuta je prednost uporabe trokomponentne Ugijeve reakcije. Naposlijetku, pokazano je da se ANN može uspješno koristiti u reprezentaciji plohe potencijalne energije dokiranja. Dobivena mreža može ubuduće poslužiti kao funkcija bodovanja, uz znatno kraće trajanje proračuna
Višestruko istovremeno dokiranje malih molekula u aktivno mjesto butirilkolinesteraze primjenom dubokog pojačanog učenja
No full textCholinesterase inhibitors are often used in treating Alzheimer’s disease. Molecular docking
represents an important tool in the design of novel inhibitors. In this study, a multicomponent
quantum chemical Monte Carlo semi flexible molecular docking of four selected components of
the Ugi reaction was performed inside the active site of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). The IC 50
value of compounds was evaluated, and artificial neural networks (ANNs) were trained by deep
reinforcement learning for two of them, using results from docking. Even though components
alone do not inhibit BChE significantly, formaldehyde and benzylamine can be used jointly for
the design of novel drugs because they bind closely to the enzyme’s catalytic triad. In addition,
the advantage of using the three component Ugi reaction is highlighted. Finally, ANN was shown
to be successful in representing a potential energy surface of docking simulations. O btained ANN
can be used as a scoring function for future dockings, with significantly shorter calculation time.U liječenju Alzheimerove bolesti često se koriste inhibitori kolinesteraza. Molekularno dokiranje važan je alat u dizajnu novih inhibitora, a u ovome je radu unutar aktivnog mjesta butirilkolinesteraze (BChE) provedeno multikomponentno kvantno-kemijsko Monte Carlo polufleksibilno dokiranje četiriju komponenata Ugijeve reakcije. Određene su im i vrijednosti IC50 te su za dvije od njih istrenirane umjetne neuronske mreže (ANN) primjenom dubokog pojačanog učenja za opis rezultata dokiranja. Iako zasebne molekule ne inhibiraju značajno BChE, formaldehid i benzilamin zajedno mogu poslužiti u dizajnu novih lijekova jer se vežu u blizini katalitičke trijade enzima. Uz to, istaknuta je prednost uporabe trokomponentne Ugijeve reakcije. Naposlijetku, pokazano je da se ANN može uspješno koristiti u reprezentaciji plohe potencijalne energije dokiranja. Dobivena mreža može ubuduće poslužiti kao funkcija bodovanja, uz znatno kraće trajanje proračuna
Quantum Biology – The Application of Quantum Mechanics to Biological Systems
No full textBiološki sustavi iznimno su kompleksni, što ih istovremeno čini zanimljivima, ali i zahtjevnima za proučavanje. Kako bi objasnili pojedina neočekivana eksperimentalna opažanja, znanstvenici su se okrenuli kvantnoj mehanici i njezinoj potencijalnoj uključenosti u biološke procese. Mnogo je procesa za koje se pretpostavlja da kvantni efekti imaju presudnu ulogu u njihovu odvijanju, poput fotosinteze, magnetorecepcije i olfakcije. Enzimska kataliza iznimno je važna za sve žive sustave na Zemlji, stoga je dan osvrt na potencijalnu ulogu kvantno-mehaničkog tuneliranja u mehanizmu enzimske katalize. Tuneliranje je neobičan kvantni efekt koji omogućuje prolazak čestice kroz klasično zabranjene barijere. S obzirom na sve dokaze i kritike, važnost tuneliranja u enzimima još nije jednoznačno potvrđena. Međutim, nesumnjivo je da će kvantno-biološka istraživanja dovesti do novog razumijevanja i pogleda na život.Biological systems are incredibly complex, and that makes them very interesting, but also very challenging to study. To explain certain unexpected experimental results, scientists have taken quantum mechanics into account, and investigated its potential role in biological processes. There are many processes, including photosynthesis, magnetoreception and olfaction, which are thought to have key contributions from quantum effects. Enzyme catalysis is incredibly important for all living systems on Earth, hence the focus of this review is on the potential role of quantum tunnelling in mechanisms of enzyme catalysis. Quantum tunnelling is a peculiar quantum effect that enables a particle to pass through classically forbidden barriers. Considering all of the evidence and critiques, the importance of quantum tunnelling in enzymes still hasn’t been unambiguously confirmed. Nonetheless, there is no doubt that the research made in the growing field of quantum biology will lead to a new understanding of life
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
