323,571 research outputs found
Prangos hulusii sp. nov. (Apiaceae) from West Anatolia, Turkey
No full textPrangos hulusii S. G. Senol, H. Yildirim& O Secmen (Apiaceae) is described as a new species from Izmir province (West Anatolia, Turkey). Latin diagnosis, taxonomic description, and an illustration of the new species are provided. The novelity is compared with the related species P. ilanae, P. turcica, P. trifida and P. odontalgica. Geographic distributions of the new species and other related species are mapped.TUBITAK-TBAGTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [104T340]The authors thank Prof. Dr H. Duman and Prof. Dr M. G. Pimenov for checking the specimens of P. hulusii and for their valuable comments and also Beril Senol for the illustrations. P. hulusii was collected during the 'Conservation Biology of Linum aretoides Boiss.' project funded by TUBITAK-TBAG (104T340)
<em>Chaenorhinum semispeluncarum</em> sp. nov. and <em>C. yildirimlii</em> sp. nov. (Scrophulariaceae) from east Anatolia, Turkey
No full textChaenorhinum semispeluncarum H. Yildirim, Kit Tan, S. Senol & A. Pirhan sp. nov. and C. yildirimlii Kit Tan, H. Yildirim, S. Senol & A. Pirhan sp. nov. (Scrophulariaceae, C. sect. Microrrhinum) from east Anatolia are described and illustrated. They are both narrow endemics related to the rare C. cryptarum, also from east Anatolia. Chaenorhinum semispeluncarum occurs on calcareous marl rich in potassium nitrate at the entrance of wet caves in Malatya and differs from C. cryptarum by its erect habit, smaller corollas, shallowly ribbed and tuberculate, bicoloured seeds. Chaenorhinum yildirimlii from the neighbouring province of Erzincan was found on alluvial soil of stream banks and differs from C. semispeluncarum by its seed characters which are similar to those of C. cryptarum. Chaenorhinum yildirimlii differs from C. cryptarum, most conspicuously by the violet lower corolla lip spotted dark purple at the apex
Diffusive author(s), cohesive author: Analysis of S/N (1994)
No full textThis study indicates the ways in which various aspects of the author(s) are brought forth in Dumb type’s performance art, the S/N production. Previous research has suggested a non-hierarchical organization of Dumb type and the absence of a “privileged author” in Dumb type’s collaborative work, S/N. However, the results that I have investigated from member’s interviews on the creative process of S/N along with my analysis of the recorded images of S/N, indicate a different aspect of the author(s). First, S/N was created through, so to speak, the collective ideas of the members of Dumb type. Further, S/N has at least nine quotations from previous performances, installations, and printed writings, besides the work-in-progress technique. Explicating one of the “author functions” as given by Michel Foucault, each text has plural subjects of the author. However, it has been revealed from members’ interviews that Teiji Furuhashi had a decision-making role in selecting the members’ ideas within the performance. Since then, S/N has had plural subjects of creation; however, Furuhashi is one of the subjects of creation along with the “privileged author.” S/N has plural authors (diffusive authors) yet at the same time, it has a “privileged author,” Teiji Furuhashi (cohesive author)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Saponins from Cephalaria aristata C. Koch
No full textOne new oleanane-type saponin, 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 -> 4)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 -> 3)-alpha-D-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 -> 2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosylhederagenin 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 -> 6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (1) was isolated from the MeOH extract of whole plant parts of Cephalaria aristata C. Koch along with three known oleanane-type saponins, 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 -> 2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl hederagenin 28-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 -> 6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl) ester (2), 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 -> 4)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 -> 3)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 -> 2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl hederagenin (3) and 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 -> 2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosylhederagenin (4). Also three triterpenoids and a steroid glucoside oleanolic acid (5), beta-amyrin (6), 20-beta-hydroxyursolic acid (7) and 29-hydroxystigmast-5-en-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (8). Their structures were established by the extensive use of 1D-and 2D-NMR experiments along with ESIMS and HRMS analysis
Fluorene-Dithienothiophene-S,S-dioxide Copolymers. Fine-Tuning for OLED Applications
No full textThree groups of fluorene-dithieno[3,2-b;2',3'-d]-thiophene-S,S-dioxides (DTT-S,S-dioxide) copolymers, each having four different ratios of DTT-S,S-dioxide (5, 15, 25, and 50%) were successfully synthesized through Suzuki coupling method. While the first group copolymers PI had direct connection of fluorene to the peripheral thiophenes of DTT-S,S-dioxide, second group copolymers P2 had a thiophene extension between fluorene and DTT-S,S-dioxide, and in the third group, copolymers P3, fluorene had a connection with DTT-S,S-dioxide through the phenyl moiety of DTT. Absorbance and emission measurements of first two groups P1 and P2 displayed a regular bathochromic shift with increasing content of DTT-S,S-dioxide, which was more clearly observed in their solid state fluorescence measurements. Introduction of thiophene to the peripherals of the DTT-S,S-dioxide in copolymers P2 caused even further bathochromic shift in absorbances and emissions. As the absorbance and emission of PI went up to 447 and 558 nm in solution, respectively, P2 had them at 472 and 592 nm, respectively. In solid state, emissions of 131 and P2 even went further up to 585 and 646 nm, respectively. The bathochromic trend of 131 and P2 became opposite with absorbance and solid state emission of P3, which had a hypsochromic shift with increasing content of DTT-S,S-dioxide. Solid state emission of P3, particularly the copolymers having 5, 15 and 50% DTT-S,S-dioxide, covered a wide region between 400 and 675 nm. A spread of colors from light blue (border of white) to red through green and yellow was obtained with the OLED applications of the copolymers. Their optical and electronic band gaps varied between 2.17 and 2.99 eV and between 2.68 and 3.57 eV, respectively. While the highest quantum yield was obtained with P2 (5%) as 0.66, the lowest was observed with P2 (50%) as 0.03. Almost all of the polymers displayed good thermal stabilities. No weight loss was observed with the copolymers P2 (5-15%) and P3 up to 400 degrees C
Author's address:
No full textCan archives of audiovisual TV interviews be used to make authors more visible to students, and thereby reduce the learning gap between native and non-native language speakers in college classes? We examined students in a college course who learned about one scholar's ideas through watching an audiovisual TV interview (i.e., visible author format) and about another scholar's ideas through reading a formal text description (i.e., invisible author format). For the invisible author, native language speakers scored significantly higher than the non-native language speakers on a corresponding exam question (i.e., a cognitive measure), generated more words on the exam question (i.e., a motivational measure), and mentioned the author's name more often in answering the exam question (i.e., an affective measure). For the visible author, the groups did not differ on any of these measures. These findings provide evidence for the idea that making the author visible through audiovisual TV interviews can eliminate the learning gap between native and non-native language speakers. 3 Universities around the world serve students who are non-native speakers of th
The vanishing author in computer-generated works: a critical analysis of recent Australian case law
No full textAbstract
The use of software is ubiquitous in the creation of many copyright works, yet the requirement in copyright law that every work have a human author who engages in independent intellectual effort means that its use may prevent copyright subsistence. Several recent Australian cases have refocused attention on authorship as an essential criterion of copyright subsistence, and these cases suggest that much computer-produced output may be authorless and thus lack copyright protection. This article, the first in a two-part series, analyses how each case deals with the question of authorship of computer-produced works and why the use of software diminishes copyright protection for a significant number of computer-generated works. The article critiques the application of conventional notions of human authorship developed in the pre-computer age to modern productions and suggests alternative approaches to authorship that satisfy both the major objectives of copyright policy and the need to adapt to the computer age. The article argues that, without a broader judicial approach to authorship of computer-generated works, Parliament must remedy the lacuna in protection for these ‘authorless’ works. Possible solutions for reform are suggested. In a forthcoming article, the author comprehensively examines those reform proposals
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