1,721,002 research outputs found
Die Bedeutung von Antikörpern gegen das Myelin-Oligodendrozyten-Glykoprotein - Screening eines Kollektivs mit entzündlichen Erkrankungen des zentralen Nervensystems
No full textDie Entdeckung von Antikörpern gegen das Myelin-Oligodendrozyten-Glykoprotein (MOG-Ab) bei einer Gruppe autoimmun-entzündlicher Erkrankungen des Zentralen Nervensystems führte zu einer Diskussion über die mögliche Abgrenzung von weiteren Erkrankungen des Spektrums anhand klinischer, diagnostischer und therapeutischer Charakteristika. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es daher, in einem Patientenkollektiv mit autoimmun-entzündlichen Erkrankungen die Häufigkeit von MOG-Ab zu bestimmen und anschließend die Erkrankungen mit MOG-Ab näher zu charakterisieren und anderen autoimmun-entzündlichen Krankheitsbildern gegenüberzustellen. Hierzu wurden die Fälle von 551 Patienten bezüglich ihrer Eigenschaften, Symptomatik und der Ergebnisse der Diagnostik analysiert und verglichen.
Anschließend erfolgte die Testung der Serumproben auf MOG-Ab mittels eines cell-based-assays und Auswertung unter dem Immunfluoreszenz-Mikroskop. Hierbei konnten in 10 Fällen MOG-Ab nachgewiesen werden, wobei die Patientinnen, bei denen die Testung positiv ausfiel, mehrheitlich unter einer unilateralen Optikusneuritis litten. Im Vergleich von Optikusneuritiden, die im Rahmen verschiedener entzündlicher Erkrankungen auftraten, zeigten sich bei der Gruppe der Optikusneuritiden mit MOG-Ab-Nachweis keine signifikanten Abweichungen in den untersuchten Parametern aus Demographie und Diagnostik.
Die Patienten mit MOG-Ab assoziierten Erkrankungen zeigten neben einer deutlichen weiblichen Prädominanz (100%) im Vergleich zu Patienten mit Multipler Sklerose ein niedrigeres Alter, sowie eine geringere Zellzahl und abgesehen von einem Fall immer eine negative Masern-Röteln-Zoster-Reaktion (MRZ-Reaktion). Während diese Ergebnisse mit den Beschreibungen der Literatur übereinstimmen, zeigte ein Großteil der MOG-positiven Fälle in diesem Kollektiv liquorspezifische oligoklonale Banden, was in der Literatur bisher eher als seltene Beobachtung erwähnt wird. Die Beschreibung MOG-positiver Erkrankungen und deren Charakterisierung in Symptomatik, Merkmalen in der Diagnostik sowie Therapie-Ansprechen und Verlauf sind ein wichtiger Schritt, um diese Erkrankungen besser zu verstehen und zu definieren. Hierauf aufbauend müssen nun Studien erfolgen, die die Erstellung eines Algorithmus für akute und langfristige Therapieregime ermöglichen, damit ein gutes Outcome für Patienten mit MOG-Ab erreicht werden kann
Patient-reported outcome parameters and disability worsening in progressive multiple sclerosis
No full textExplorative study of emerging blood biomarkers in progressive multiple sclerosis (EmBioProMS): Design of a prospective observational multicentre pilot study
No full texthttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100007458 German Multiple Sclerosis Society Federal Associationhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100005614 Biogenhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100004334 Merckhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100004336 Novartishttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100008977 University of Ulmhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100005614 Biogenhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100006436 Celgenehttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100004334 Merckhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100004336 Novartishttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100004337 Roch
Serum glial fibrillary acidic protein and disability progression in progressive multiple sclerosis
No full textAbstract Objective Progression prediction is a significant unmet need in people with progressive multiple sclerosis (pwPMS). Studies on glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) have either been limited to single center with relapsing MS or were based solely on Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), which limits its generalizability to state‐of‐the‐art clinical settings and trials applying combined outcome parameters. Methods Serum GFAP and NfL (neurofilament light chain) were investigated in EmBioProMS participants with primary (PP) or secondary progressive MS. Six months confirmed disability progression (CDP) was defined using combined outcome parameters (EDSS, timed‐25‐foot walk test (T25FW), and nine‐hole‐peg‐test (9HPT)). Results 243 subjects (135 PPMS, 108 SPMS, age 55.5, IQR [49.7–61.2], 135 female, median follow‐up: 29.3 months [17.9–40.9]) were included. NfL (age‐) and GFAP (age‐ and sex‐) adjusted Z scores were higher in pwPMS compared to HC ( p 3 was associated with higher risk for CDP in participants with low NfL Z score (i.e., ≤1.0) (HR: 2.38 [1.12–5.08], p = 0.025). In PPMS, GFAP Z score >3 was associated with higher risk for CDP (HR: 2.88 [1.21–6.84], p = 0.016). Risk was further increased in PPMS subjects with high GFAP when NfL is low (HR: 4.31 [1.53–12.13], p = 0.006). Interpretation Blood GFAP may help identify pwPPMS at risk of progression. Combination of high GFAP and low NfL levels could distinguish non‐active pwPMS with particularly high progression risk.Deutschen Multiple Sklerose Gesellschaft https://doi.org/10.13039/50110000745
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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