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Combattre le chaos
No full textGuattari Félix, Senaldi Marco, Kouba Anik. Combattre le chaos. In: Chimères. Revue des schizoanalyses, N°50, été 2003. Félix Guattari, recueil. pp. 165-172
Combattre le chaos
No full textGuattari Félix, Kouba Anik, Senaldi Marco. Combattre le chaos. In: Chimères. Revue des schizoanalyses, N°38, printemps 2000. Des plans sur le chaos. pp. 31-38
Working both sides of the street: computational and psycholinguistic investigations on idiomatic variability
Full text linkOver the years, the original conception of idioms as semantically empty and
formally frozen units (Bobrow and Bell, 1973; Swinney and Cutler, 1979) has
been replaced by a more complex view, whereby some idioms display an analyz
able semantic structure (Nunberg, 1978) that allows for greater formal plasticity
(Nunberg et al., 1994; Gibbs and Nayak, 1989). Corpus data have anyway shown
that all types of idioms allow for a certain degree of manipulation if an appropriate
context is provided (Duffley, 2013; Vietri, 2014). On the other hand, psycholin
guistic data have revealed that the processing of idiom variants is not necessarily
harder than the processing of idiom canonical forms or that it can be similar to
the processing of literal language (McGlone et al., 1994; Geeraert et al., 2017a).
Despite this possible variability, in two computational studies we show that focus
ing on lexical fixedness is still an effective method for automatically telling apart
non-compositional idiomatic expressions and compositional non-idiomatic expres
sions by means of distributional-semantic indices of compositionality that compute
the cosine similarity between the vector of a given phrase to be classified and the
vectors of lexical variants of the same phrase that are generated distributionally
or from the Italian section of MultiWordNet (Pianta et al., 2002). Idioms all in
all result to be less similar to the vectors of their lexical variants with respect to
compositional expressions, confirming that they tend to be employed in a more
formally conservative way in language use. In two eye-tracking studies we then
compare the reading times of idioms and literals in the active form, in a passive
form with preverbal subject and in a passive form with postverbal subject, which
preserves the verb-noun order of the canonical active form. The first experiment
reveals that passives are longer to read than actives with no significant effect of
idiomaticity in passive forms. A second experiment with more ecological dialogic
stimuli reveals that preserving the surface verb-noun order of the active form fa
cilitates the processing of passive idioms, suggesting that one of the core issues
with idiom passivization could be the violation of canonical verb-noun order rather
than verb voice per se
Lexical Variability and Compositionality: Investigating Idiomaticity with Distributional Semantic Models
Full text linkIn this work we carried out an idiom type
identification task on a set of 90 Italian
V-NP and V-PP constructions comprising
both idioms and non-idioms. Lexical
variants were generated from these expressions
by replacing their components
with semantically related words extracted
distributionally and from the Italian section
of MultiWordNet. Idiomatic phrases
turned out to be less similar to their lexical
variants with respect to non-idiomatic
ones in distributional semantic spaces.
Different variant-based distributional measures
of idiomaticity were tested. Our indices
proved reliable in identifying also
those idioms whose lexical variants are
poorly or not at all attested in our corpus
Determining the Compositionality of Noun-Adjective Pairs with Lexical Variants and Distributional Semantics
Full text linkIn this work we employed a set
of 26 Italian noun-adjective expressions
to test compositionality indices that compare
the distributional vector of an expression
with the vectors of its lexical variants.
These were obtained by replacing
the components of the original expression
with semantically related words. Our indices
performed comparably or better than
other compositionality measures reported
in the distributional literature
Deep-learning the Ropes: Modeling Idiomaticity with Neural Networks
Full text linkIn this work we explore the
possibility of training a neural network
to classify and rank idiomatic expressions
under constraints of data scarcity. We
discuss our results comparing them both
to other unsupervised models designed
to perform idiom detection and to similar
supervised classifiers trained to detect
metaphoric bigrams
Panta Rei: Tracking Semantic Change with Distributional Semantics in Ancient Greek
Full text linkWe present a method to explore
semantic change as a function of variation
in distributional semantic spaces. In
this paper we apply this approach to automatically
identify the areas of semantic
change in the lexicon of Ancient Greek
between the pre-Christian and Christian
era. Distributional Semantic Models are
used to identify meaningful clusters and
patterns of semantic shift within a set of
target words, defined through a purely
data-driven approach. The results emphasize
the role played by the diffusion of
Christianity and by technical languages
in determining semantic change in Ancient
Greek and show the potentialities of
distributional models in diachronic semantics
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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