1,096 research outputs found
The Japan-Singapore “New Age” Economic Partnership Agreement: Background, Motivation and Implications
No full textFree Trade Pacts have become an integral part of Singapore’s new commercial trade strategy which in turn is the cornerstone of the city-state’s larger international economic policy. Such trade pacts appear to be increasingly regarded by policymakers as effective and expeditious instruments for achieving trade liberalization among “like minded” trading partners. Of particular relevance is the Japan-Singapore pact which has recently been agreed to and is in the process of being implemented. The trade pact has been termed the Japan-Singapore Economic Partnership Agreement (JSEPA). This paper discusses the extent of the two countries’ bilateral economic linkages in terms of merchandise trade and trade in services and investments and examines available details of the JSEPA.
A Direct Product Theorem for One-Way Quantum Communication
No full textWe prove a direct product theorem for the one-way entanglement-assisted quantum communication complexity of a general relation f ⊆ ××. For any 0 < ε < δ < 1/2 and any k≥1, we show that
Q¹_{1-(1-ε)^{Ω(k/log||)}}(f^k) = Ω(k⋅Q¹_{δ}(f)),
where Q¹_{ε}(f) represents the one-way entanglement-assisted quantum communication complexity of f with worst-case error ε and f^k denotes k parallel instances of f.
As far as we are aware, this is the first direct product theorem for the quantum communication complexity of a general relation - direct sum theorems were previously known for one-way quantum protocols for general relations, while direct product theorems were only known for special cases. Our techniques are inspired by the parallel repetition theorems for the entangled value of two-player non-local games, under product distributions due to Jain, Pereszlényi and Yao [Rahul Jain et al., 2014], and under anchored distributions due to Bavarian, Vidick and Yuen [Bavarian et al., 2017], as well as message compression for quantum protocols due to Jain, Radhakrishnan and Sen [Rahul Jain et al., 2005]. In particular, we show that a direct product theorem holds for the distributional one-way quantum communication complexity of f under any distribution q on × that is anchored on one side, i.e., there exists a y^* such that q(y^*) is constant and q(x|y^*) = q(x) for all x. This allows us to show a direct product theorem for general distributions, since for any relation f and any distribution p on its inputs, we can define a modified relation f̃ which has an anchored distribution q close to p, such that a protocol that fails with probability at most ε for f̃ under q can be used to give a protocol that fails with probability at most ε + ζ for f under p.
Our techniques also work for entangled non-local games which have input distributions anchored on any one side, i.e., either there exists a y^* as previously specified, or there exists an x^* such that q(x^*) is constant and q(y|x^*) = q(y) for all y. In particular, we show that for any game G = (q, ×, ×ℬ, ) where q is a distribution on × anchored on any one side with constant anchoring probability, then
ω^*(G^k) = (1 - (1-ω^*(G))⁵) ^{Ω(k/(log(||⋅|ℬ|)))}
where ω^*(G) represents the entangled value of the game G. This is a generalization of the result of [Bavarian et al., 2017], who proved a parallel repetition theorem for games anchored on both sides, i.e., where both a special x^* and a special y^* exist, and potentially a simplification of their proof
Liberalisation of International Trade in Financial Services in Southeast Asia: Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines and Thailand
No full textThis paper outlines the analytical rationale in favour of liberalisation of trade in services with particular reference to the key infrastrucutural sub-sectors of financial services and discusses the empirical evidence thereof. The paper goes on to offer an overview of the state of deregulation and the schedule of liberalisation of the two service sub-sectors in four middle-income Southeast Asian countries, viz. Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand and the Philippines. An attempt is also made to synthesize the individual country experiences and extract common themes from them.Banking, Financial Services, GATS, Insurance, Liberalisation
Tolerant bipartiteness testing in dense graphs
No full textBipartite testing has been a central problem in the area of property testing since its inception in the seminal work of Goldreich, Goldwasser, and Ron.
Though the non-tolerant version of bipartite testing has been extensively studied in the literature, the tolerant variant is not well understood. In this paper, we consider the following version of the tolerant bipartite testing problem:
Given two parameters , with , and access to the adjacency matrix of a graph , we have to decide whether can be made bipartite by editing at most entries of the adjacency matrix of , or we have to edit at least entries of the adjacency matrix to make bipartite. In this paper, we prove that for , tolerant bipartite testing can be decided by performing many adjacency queries and in time complexity. This improves upon the state-of-the-art query and time complexities of this problem of and , respectively, due to
Alon, Fernandez de la Vega, Kannan and Karpinski,
where hides a factor polynomial in
Out-of-equilibrium chemical logic systems: Light- and sound-controlled programmable spatiotemporal patterns and mechanical functions
No full textLiving systems at different scales function through the sensing of multiple external signal inputs, which are further processed based on binary or more complicated computational models and networks. Inspired by such behavior, here, we show that the information processing in out-of-equilibrium chemical systems utilizing binary Boolean logic can be exploited to obtain transient functions such as spatiotemporally controlled chemical gradients and patterns in response to specific combination of multiple physical or chemical inputs (light, audible sound, and O-2). We further explore systems that are able to execute highly complicated functions such as guiding a cargo through a maze by processing the information from multiple external stimuli. Our approach of integrating and encoding binary Boolean logic within out-of-equilibrium chemical systems for the extraction of mechanical work to execute transient biomimicking functions can expand the realms of systems chemistry and related research and help us design smart materials.11Nsciescopu
A Computational Framework for Multivariate Convex Regression and Its Variants
No full textWe study the nonparametric least squares estimator (LSE) of a multivariate convex regression function. The LSE, given as the solution to a quadratic program with O(n²) linear constraints (n being the sample size), is difficult to compute for large problems. Exploiting problem specific structure, we propose a scalable algorithmic framework based on the augmented Lagrangian method to compute the LSE. We develop a novel approach to obtain smooth convex approximations to the fitted (piecewise affine) convex LSE and provide formal bounds on the quality of approximation. When the number of samples is not too large compared to the dimension of the predictor, we propose a regularization scheme—Lipschitz convex regression—where we constrain the norm of the subgradients, and study the rates of convergence of the obtained LSE. Our algorithmic framework is simple and flexible and can be easily adapted to handle variants: estimation of a nondecreasing/nonincreasing convex/concave (with or without a Lipschitz bound) function. We perform numerical studies illustrating the scalability of the proposed algorithm—on some instances our proposal leads to more than a 10,000-fold improvement in runtime when compared to off-the-shelf interior point solvers for problems with n = 500. Keywords: Augmented Lagrangian method; Lipschitz convex regression; Non parametric least squares estimator; Scalable quadratic programming; Smooth convex regressionUnited States. Office of Naval Research (Grant N00014-15-1-2342
Voltage Coordinated Control Technology
No full textAs of late, as disseminated age, new loads and new FACTS gadgets generally utilized, the current voltage control innovation of network have been not able meet the new necessities under the new circumstance on the control goals, control methodology and control implies. In part of control targets, it just satisfy the responsive power equalization and voltage qualified rate of control transport, doesnt viably mirror the client end need of fantastic power supply, in this way it is hard to accomplish the worldwide ideal. In voltage control implies, it have not secured the Reactive Power gadget of circulation and request side. In voltage control system, it centres on the transmission arrange advancement. Thus, this article advances the planned control framework that dependent on the current three level voltage control, expanding receptive voltage control of dispersion and request side and completely meet the necessities of the client end. Pritam Kumar Sen | Rahul Rajora | Gaurav Srivastava "Voltage Coordinated Control Technology" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd21736.pd
Spatiotemporal Segregation of Chiral Supramolecular Polymers
No full textProgrammable spatiotemporal control over the formation of functional supramolecular polymers, which leads to the formation of different morphological forms in solution, is one of the long-standing issues in chemistry. The situation is even more complex especially when dealing with a mixture of species in multicomponent self-assemblies. One way to achieve this goal is by controlling the spatiotemporal distribution of the molecular components in solution, which control the overall aggregation process. Herein, we report the spatiotemporal segregation of different redox-responsive supramolecular assemblies inside spatiotemporal domains generated within the same solution under out-of-equilibrium conditions by using audible sound. Using this approach, we can spatiotemporally control the formation of at least two types of assemblies, which are either both achiral or one of them is chiral, or both are chiral but with opposite helicity. This strategy may provide advanced control over solution-state synthesis of supramolecular polymers, which exhibit morphology-dependent functions.11Nsciescopu
Arbitration and Dispute Settlement in Foreign Indirect Investment. The increasing significance and use of arbitration in international loan agreements, syndicated loans and international bond issues
No full textThis dissertation examines the suitability of arbitration for the resolution of securities regulatory claims and it adoption globally, which has resulted in international arbitration becoming the favoured dispute resolution mechanism in the securities industry. The author explains that disputes arising out of international bilateral and syndicated loan agreements are generally considered to be arbitrable, while international bond disputes are often derived from the controversies over the application of mandatory national laws and the compliance with securities regulation provisions - so the arbitrability of international bond disputes depends on the acceptance of the arbitrability of securities regulatory claims
A monolithically integrated power JFET and Junction Barrier Schottky diode in 4H silicon carbide
No full textEfficiency of power management circuits depends significantly on their constituent switches and rectifiers. The demands of technology are increasingly running up against the intrinsic properties of Si based power devices. 4H-Silicon Carbide (SiC) has superior properties that make it attractive for high power applications. SiC rectifiers are already a competitive choice and SiC switches have also been commercialized recently. Junction Barrier Schottky (JBS) diodes, which combine the advantages of PN and Schottky, have higher Figure of Merit (FOM) as rectifiers. Among switches, a robust and mature process has been developed for Silicon Carbide Vertical Junction Field Effect Transistors (VJFETs), which currently gives it the highest unipolar FOM. Switches are frequently combined with anti-parallel diodes in power circuits. This thesis describes the development of a SiC-based monolithically integrated power switch and diode. Monolithic integration increases reliability and efficiency, and reduces cost. Because of their superior properties and similarities in fabrication, we chose the SiC VJFET and JBS diode as the switch and rectifier. Detailed design, fabrication and characterization of the integrated switch to block above 800 V and conduct current beyond 100 A/cm2 is explained. In this process, the first physics-based 2-D compact model is developed for reverse leakage in a JBS diode as a function of design parameters. Since the gate-channel junctions of SiC VJFETs cannot be assumed to be abrupt, an existing analytical model for Si VJFETs is extended to account for graded gate-channel junctions. Using these analytical models, design rules are developed for the VJFET and JBS diode. Finite element simulations are used to find the best anode layout of the JBS diode and optimize electric field termination in the integrated device to ensure their capability to operate at high voltage. Finally, a spin-on glass based process is developed for filling the gate trenches of the VJFET to improve long-term robustness in extreme environments. The integrated power switch developed in this thesis points to the attractions of monolithic integration in SiC power circuits. Analytical compact design equations derived here will facilitate faster and easier design of switches and rectifiers for desired circuit operation.Ph. D.Includes bibliographical referencesIncludes vitaby Rahul Radhakrishna
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