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Pemanfaatan Limbah Padat (Effluent Sludge) dari Pabrik Pulp dan Kertas sebagai Kompos pada Tanaman Palawija dan Hortikultura
No full textOne of the methods to manage the solid waste from pulp and paper mill such as effluent sludge is by conducting treatment to become compost and then use it as an alternative compost for horticulture. From laboratory analysis, the effluent sludge compost had chemical properties (nutrient and trace element), organic matters and physical properties that suit the Indonesia National Standarisation Board (SNI), therefore it was possible to used effluent sludge compost as an alternative organic fertilizer Only chromium (Cr), one of the trace elements tested that could be detected as much as <1.2mg/kg. This value was lower than the allowed standard by SNI. The other trace elements such as arsen (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb) could not be able to detected because they were in very small amount. The optimum dosage of the effluent sludge compost that give the highest production of string bean and cress was at 10 ton/ha, meanwhile the age of compost was not elfeet the production,Salah satu cara untuk memanfaatkan limbah padat (efiluent slutge) dari
pabrik pulp dan kertas adalah dengan mengolahnya menjadi kompos, kemudian
diuji coba pada tanaman palawija dan hortikultura. Dari analisa laboratorium,
kompos efiluent sludge yarrg diteliti memiliki sifat-sifat kimia (kandungan unsur
hara dan logam berat), bahan organik dan sifat-sifat fisik yang memenuhi kriteria
dari Badan Standarisasi Nasional, sehingga dapat dipakal sebagai altematif pupuk
organik buatan. Logam berat yang terdeteksi hanya kromium (Cr) dengan jumtah
< 1,2 mgl<g. Jumlah ini jauh dibawah jumlah maksimum yang dikeluarkan oleh
Standar Nasional Indonesia. Logam berat lainnya seperti arsen (As), kadmium
(Cd), merkuri (I{g), dan timbal (Pb) tidak dapat dideteksi karena jumlahnya sangat
kecil. Jenis kompos yang paling optimum yang memberikan hasil panen yang
tertinggi pada tanaman kacang panjang dan selada adalah kompos dengan dosis 10
tonftr4 sedalgkan umur kompos tidak berpengaruh.88 HalamanTesis Magiste
ANALISA UNSUR HARA MIKRO DARI FLY ASH LIMBAH INDUSTRI PULP DAN KERTAS
Get PDFThe pulp and paper industry continues to grow and produces large amounts of fly ash waste from the biomass combustion process. Alternative waste management besides landfills needs to be developed so that the use of fly ash can be ecologically and economically acceptable, such as for land applications in industrial plantations, especially on peat soils. This paper presents the results of the analysis of micro nutrients from fly ash from pulp and paper mill waste that can be used for agriculture and forestry. The elemental content of boron (B) and zinc (Zn) can be detected in fly ash samples both by lauryl amine extraction and stearyl amine extraction, where the optimum amount is obtained using 15 gram of fatty amine and n-hexane solvent with a processing time of 4 hours. Stearyl amine gives a higher yield than lauryl amine because it has a longer saturated carbon chain.
 
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
UNJUK KERJA NaOH DALAM MEREDUKSI LOGAM BERAT PADA LIMBAH ABU BOILER
Get PDFProses pembakaran batu bara menghasilkan emisi berupa gas SO2, NO2, CO, CO2, volatile hydrocarbon (VHC), suspended particulate matter (SPM), serta residu padat berupa abu boiler. Abu boiler mengandung berbagai logam berat beracun, diantaranya tembaga (Cu), kobalt (Co), kromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd) dan timbal (Pb). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan efisiensi reduksi logam berat Cu, Co, Cr, Pb, dan total dengan melakukan ekstraksi menggunakan pelarut kimia NaOH dan mengubah logam transisi menjadi kompleks dengan Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) pada rasio EDTA: abu boiler sebesar 1:2, 1:1, 2:1; durasi pengadukan sebesar 2 dan 4 jam; serta suhu ekstraksi sebesar 25 dan 60 oC. Analisis Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) dilakukan untuk mengetahui penurunan kadar logam berat dari ekstrak abu boiler. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi ekstraksi berupa rasio EDTA: abu boiler sebesar 2:1, durasi pengadukan sebesar 4 jam, dan suhu ekstraksi sebesar 60 oC dapat menghasilkan persentase penurunan kadar logam berat total tertinggi yang mencapai 77,2% dengan persentase penurunan kadar Co, Cr, Cu, dan Pb secara berturut-turut sebesar 75,4%, 77,9%, 74,5%, dan 81,9%. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi rekomendasi bagi penelitian selanjutnya dalam mengeksplor potensi pemanfaatan abu boiler yaitu sebagai bahan campuran aspal, pembuatan batako, dan sebagainya
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