1,721,182 research outputs found
A clinical study of the biomechanics of step descent using 3 treatment modalities for patellofemoral pain
No full textINTRODUCTION:
Previous studies have demonstrated that patellofemoral bracing and taping have significant effects on the coronal and torsional mechanics of the knee in both healthy subjects1 and in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS)2 and lead to a more controlled eccentric step descent. It is likely that some of the observed effects are due to enhanced proprioception mediated through increased cutaneous stimulation. To investigate this further, we recruited PFPS patients for 2 studies with identical methodologies, the combined results of which are presented here. Study A investigated the effect of bracing and taping; study B investigated the effect of Tubigrip and taping. To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the effect of a simple elasticated tubular bandage on the 3-D mechanics of the knee during a controlled eccentric step-down task in a group of patients with PFPS.
METHODS:
Twenty-nine subjects with a diagnosis of PFPS (13 men, 16 women) with a mean age of 31 years were recruited (Modified Functional Index Questionnaire score, 24; visual analog scale for usual pain in the past week, 31 mm). Inclusion criteria were presence of traumatic or idiopathic peripatellar pain and pain provoked by deep squatting, kneeling, ascending, or descending stairs, alone or in combination. The exclusion criterion was any history of knee surgery. A step descent was used to assess the control of the knee as the body was lowered as slowly as possible from the step. The step descent was conducted under 4 randomized conditions over the 2 studies: (a) no intervention, (b) Tru-Pull Advanced sleeve knee brace (DJO, LLC, Vista, CA), (c) neutral patella taping, and (d) elasticated tubular bandage (Tubigrip; Mӧlnlycke Health Care, Norcross, GA). For the application of the taping technique, the subjects were sitting with a relaxed, extended knee. One strip of tape of a length equal to 50% of the circumference of the knee was applied without tension across the center of the patella. The tape was not pulled in either the medial or lateral direction. A length of Tubigrip equal to the circumference of the knee was applied. Kinetic data were collected at 200 Hz using 2 AMTI force platforms. A 20-cm step was built on top of 1 of the plates, which was set to 0 prior to data collection. The other plate was embedded in the floor. Kinematic data were collected using a 10-camera Oqus motion-analysis system (Qualisys Medical AB, Gothenburg, Sweden) at 100 Hz. The segments of the lower limbs were modeled in 6 degrees of freedom. 3 The knee joint kinematics were calculated relative to the shank coordinate system. The kinematic data were then quantified from toe-off of the contralateral limb to contact of the contralateral limb. The ranges of knee joint angle in the sagittal, coronal, and transverse planes were found.
RESULTS:
An ANOVA identified significant changes in the knee range of motion. Post hoc analyses are presented in the TABLE. No significant differences were identified in the sagittal plane.
DISCUSSION:
Changes were identified in the coronal and transverse plane kinematics of the knee joint between no intervention and bracing, taping, and Tubigrip. Taping and Tubigrip resulted in similar changes in the joint mechanics of the knee in the coronal plane only, whereas the brace produced changes in both the coronal and transverse planes. The results of taping and Tubigrip are interesting, as there was a measurable reduction in coronal plane ROM following these interventions, which do not apply significant mechanical forces to the knee. These data lend support to the argument that these interventions produce subtle yet important improvements in patient control and function and that the observed effects are probably linked to enhanced proprioception. The brace, compared to the other interventions, resulted in significant reductions in ROM in both the coronal and transverse planes. This suggests the brace does have a mechanical effect, which is additional to any proprioceptive effects. The effect of the brace was greater than that of both tape and Tubigrip, but all 3 treatments appear to result in a step descent, which was more controlled compared to no intervention in this group of patients with PFPS.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS:
DJO, LLC supplied the Tru-Pull Advanced sleeve knee braces. They played no role in the design, analysis, or interpretation of the study and its findings
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
This is what the left call them. This is how the Nats treat them. No wonder there's no respect for law & order
No full text462.B.1.5(4).pdf created from the media publications in the SA Election material Collection MS 462, held in the Manuscripts Section of the Stellenbosch Library and Information Service.This is what the left call them. This is how the Nats treat them. No wonder there's no respect for law & order. 1994. Sunday Times, 27 March:8.Newspaper advertisement by the Democratic Party (DP) illustrating the negative and demoralising treatment of the police by the National Party (NP) and African National Congress (ANC), and the negative effect this has on securing and maintaining a safe environment. The advertisement calls on South Africans to vote for the DP in order to better the reputation and working conditions of the police and thereby better the policing and safety of the people of the country. Advertisement issued by James Selfe and appearing on page 8 of the Sunday Times newspaper
At negotiations, these 6 democrats won more issues than 40 Nats
No full text462.B.1.5(5).pdf created from the media publications in the SA Election material Collection MS 462, held in the Manuscripts Section of the Stellenbosch Library and Information Service.At negotiations, these 6 democrats won more issues than 40 Nats. 1994. Sunday Times, 10 April:18.Newspaper advertisement by the Democratic Party (DP) highlighting the large number of issues won by a mere six DP members in parliament as opposed to the forty National Party (NP) members and those of the African National Congress (ANC). The advertisement is issued by James Selfe and appears on page 18 of the Sunday Times newspaper
If the left get in, there'll be nothing right. If the right get in, there'll be nothing left
No full text462.B.1.5(13).pdf created from the media publications in the SA Election material Collection MS 462, held in the Manuscripts Section of the Stellenbosch Library and Information Service.If the left get in, there'll be nothing right. If the right get in, there'll be nothing left. The Argus:1.A banner advertisement for the Democratic Party (DP) appearing in the masthead of The Argus newspaper title page. The advertisement was issued by James Selfe
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
