40 research outputs found
Comparison of keypads and touch-screen mobile phones/devices as potential risk for microbial contamination
No full textConclusions: We found no significant difference between TMP/Ds and KMPs in terms of microbial contamination, but TMP/Ds harboured more colonies and total microbial counts increased with screen size
The investigation of the effect of NAD, H2O2 and weak magnetic field on the antibacterial mechanism of isoniazid (INH) that first line antibiotic against M. tuberculosis agent
No full textTuberculosis is an infectious disease, which is caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. This disease leads to up to 1.3 million deaths out of more than eight million cases every year. A prodrug called isoniazid has been proven to be effective and widely used in the treatment of infections caused by tuberculosis. Despite its use for more than six decades clinically, the action mechanism of this prodrug is yet to be elucidated. INH action agains mycobacteria requires catalase−peroxidase (KatG) function, and IN-NAD adduct formation is catalyzed in vitro by M. tuberculosis KatG under a variety of conditions. Low-intensity EMF (Electromagnetic Field) has been used in the₂rapeutic practices in addition to its use in telecommunication systems and food protection. EMF is used in medicine and food industries especially for its bactericidal effects. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of weak magnetic field application and the addition of NAD and H₂O₂ on the action mechanism of isoniazid. We added H₂O₂ and NAD individually and together, to the different groups at varying concentrations. Also, one experimental group was exposed to a 5mT, 50Hz magnetic field for 4 to 5 hours per day (total of 45 hours in 10 days). The agar proportion method was used to evaluate the results. It was determined that the addition of 100 μM NAD and H₂O₂ together increased the effectiveness of isoniazid to some extent. However, the application of a weak magnetic field did not change the effectiveness of the drug. [Med-Science 2020; 9(1.000): 207-11
Chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of the essential oils of Teucrium orientale var. orientale and Teucrium orientale var. puberulens
No full text[Abstract Not Available
Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of Ag(I)-N-heterocyclic carbene complexes derived from benzimidazol-2-ylidene
No full textNovel benzimidazol-2-ylidene carbene complexes of Ag(I) were prepared by interaction of the corresponding benzimidazolium salt with Ag2O in dichloromethane. Their structures were characterized by elemental analyses, H-1-NMR, C-13-NMR and IR spectroscopy techniques. All compounds studied in this work were screened for their in vitro antimicrobial activities against the standard strains: Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) and the fungi Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis. The new complexes were found to be effective antimicrobial activity against a series of bacteria and fungi. Copyright (C) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Genotyping of rifampin-resistant<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>isolates from western Turkey
No full textBackground: Although the rate of multiple drug resistance is high, there is no published data on the transmission rate of drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the Aegean region of western Turkey that are based on molecular methods. Methods: IS6110 and pTBN12 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) methods were used for typing M. tuberculosis strains isolated from 26 sputum samples from 26 patients. Results: Nineteen of the rifampin-resistant isolates (73.1%) contained 6 to 11 copies of IS6110. Eighteen different IS6110 DNA fingerprint patterns were observed in the 26 rifampin-resistant isolates. Twenty-three of the 26 rifampin-resistant isolates were also resistant to isoniazid. When evaluated together, both methods yielded 21 (80.9%) different banding patterns and the level of clustering was 34.6%. The average number per pattern was 1.23 (26/21). Conclusions: IS6110 fingerprinting suggests that the rifampin-resistant isolates obtained from the Aegean region had a relatively high clustering rate and were clonally related. These findings showed that the rifampin-resistant isolates are actively transmitted between patients. Urgent measures should be taken to prevent the spread of these resistant strains
Integration of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> Drug Susceptibility Testing and Genotyping with Epidemiological Data Analysis To Gain Insight into the Epidemiology of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Malatya, Turkey
No full textABSTRACT
Drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) presents a major challenge to global TB control. To gain a better understanding of drug-resistant TB epidemiology in Malatya, Turkey, we conducted the present study using 397
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
clinical isolates collected from Malatya, Turkey, in recent years (2000-2007). Resistance to any anti-TB drug was found in 29% (114 of 397) of the study isolates, while the multidrug resistance (MDR) rate was ∼4.5% (18 of 397). Resistances to isoniazid (15.5%) and streptomycin (13.4%) were about twice as high as resistance to rifampin (RMP) (6.3%) and ethambutol (EMB) (6.0%). Importantly, 28% (7 of 25) of the RMP-resistant isolates were non-MDR isolates, as when a significant proportion of RMP-resistant isolates in a population are non-MDR, the predictive value of molecular detection of RMP resistance for MDR can be significantly reduced. Both identical and varied drug resistance patterns were seen in the same genotyping-defined clusters, suggesting that both primary and acquired resistance have contributed to the drug-resistant TB epidemic in Malatya, Turkey. In addition, drug-resistant cases were found to be more likely to be males (odds ratio [95% confidence interval], 1.82 [1.13, 2.94]), suggesting a potential role of gender in the epidemiology of drug-resistant TB in the study population. This study demonstrates that the integration of drug susceptibility testing with genotyping and epidemiological data analysis represents a useful approach to studying the epidemiology of drug-resistant TB.
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A CASE OF FATAL DISSEMINATED INFECTION CAUSED BY MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS BCG STRAIN AND THE IDENTIFICATION OF THE ISOLATE BY SPOLIGOTYPING
No full textThe vaccine strain Mycobacterium bovis BCG may lead to disseminated infection in patients with immune deficiency In this report a patient who developed fatal disseminated tuberculosis caused by M bovis BCG strain was presented One year old male patient with the previous history of recurrent lower respiratory tract infection, was admitted to the hospital with the complaints of fever, cough and diarrhea continuing for 20 days There was no family history of tuberculosis or history of contact with a tuberculosis case. Physical examination of the case revealed growth retardation and reticular and reticulonodular infiltration was detected in his chest X-ray. The results of sweat test, cystic fibrosis gene mutation analysis and metabolic screening tests were normal. Since fever continued and infiltrations persisted in the chest X-ray despite antibiotic therapy, PPD test was applied and acid-fast bacilli (AFB) were investigated in his gastric aspirate and stool samples for three consecutive days. PPD test was negative and no AFB were detected in the microscopic examination of the clinical samples. However, growth in Lowenstein-Jensen medium was detected in the stool sample on the 38(th) day of incubation. The antimycobacterial susceptibility testing performed at BACTEC MGIT (Mycobacterial Growth Indicator Tube) 960 system (Becton-Dickinson, USA) revealed that the isolate was susceptible to rifampin, isoniazid, streptomicin and ethambutol Since the isolates did not grow at PNB (para-nitro benzoic acid) medium and niacin and nitrate activities were negative, spoligotyping (spacer oligonucleotide typing) was performed and DR loci characteristic for M bovis BCG strain were detected. However, the patient died 2 weeks before the culture results were obtained The effective use of mycobacteriology laboratories and cooperation between laboratory and clinics provide advantages in the early diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis cases, decreasing the morbidity and the mortality
Synthesis of some heterocyclic phosphonates and their antibacterial and antifungal activities
No full text197-200Fifteen heterocyclic phosphonate
derivatives and their starting compounds have been evaluated in vitro for antibacterial and
antifungal activities against standard strains: Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 2921)), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC
27853) and yeast-like fungi ; Candida albicans and <span style="font-size:16.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:" times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-font-family:="" "times="" roman";mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:en-us;="" mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="">Candida tropicalis. <span style="font-size:
15.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:9.0pt;font-family:" times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-font-family:="" "times="" roman";mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:en-us;="" mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="">The compounds newly synthesised have been identified
by 1H-NMR,FT-IR and micro analysis. Among the tested compounds 12, 13, 16, 17, 18, 22 and 23 are found effective to inhibit the
growth of <span style="font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:" times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";="" mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="">Candida
albicans <span style="font-size:15.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:9.0pt;
font-family:" times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";="" mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="">and
<span style="font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
" times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";mso-ansi-language:="" en-us;mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="">Candida tropicalis at the MICs between <span style="font-size:14.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:8.5pt;font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-font-family:
" times="" new="" roman";mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:en-us;="" mso-bidi-language:ar-sa;mso-bidi-font-style:italic"="">100-800 μg/mL. The compounds tested here generally do not
exhibit considerable antibacterial activity at the concentration studied
(100-800 <span style="font-size:14.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:8.5pt;
font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-font-family:" times="" new="" roman";mso-ansi-language:="" en-us;mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa;mso-bidi-font-style:="" italic"="">μg/mL), <span style="font-size:15.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
9.0pt;font-family:" times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";="" mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="">except
compound 18 which exhibits
antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria at the MIC of 400 <span style="font-size:14.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:8.5pt;font-family:Arial;mso-fareast-font-family:
" times="" new="" roman";mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:en-us;="" mso-bidi-language:ar-sa;mso-bidi-font-style:italic"="">μg/mL.</span
Novel benzimidazol-2-ylidene carbene precursors and their silver(I) complexes: Potential antimicrobial agents
No full textNovel benzimidazolium salts were synthesized as N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) precursors, these NHC precursors were metallated with Ag2O in dichloromethane at room temperature to give novel silver (I)-NHC complexes. Structures of these benzimidazolium salts and silver(I)-NHC complexes were characterized on the basis of elemental analysis, H-1 NMR, C-13 NMR, IR and LC-MS spectroscopic techniques. A series of benzimidazolium salts and silver(I)-NHC complexes were tested against standard bacterial strains: Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the fungal strains: Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis. The results showed that benzimidazolium salts inhibited the growth of all bacteria and fungi strains and all silver(I)-NHC complexes performed good activities against different microorganisms. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
