1,721,056 research outputs found
Effects of various levels of organic acids and of virginiamycin on performance, blood parameters, immunoglobulins and microbial population of broiler chicks
Full text linkThis experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of various levels of organic acids and virginiamycin on performance, blood parameters, immunoglobulin and microbial population of broiler chickens. This trial was conducted in a completely randomized design using five treatments and four replicates. The dietary treatments included a control diet without additives, diets containing 0.05%, 0.10% and 0.15% mixtures of organic acids, and a diet containing virginiamycin as an antibiotic. Based on the results, there was no significant effect of the experimental diets on feed intake of the broilers during the starter period. However, at the end of the grower period and throughout the rearing period, feed intake was significantly improved by experimental dietary treatments. Moreover, diets including organic acids enhanced the microbial population of broiler gut. Thus, the current findings support the conclusion that organic acids improve productive traits and health status in broiler chickens
Dietary supplementation of Aspergillus oryzae meal and its effect on performance, carcass characteristics, blood variables, and immunity of broiler chickens
No full textThis study investigated the effect of different levels and consumption periods of Aspergillus oryzae meal on performance, carcass characteristics, blood variables, and immunity of broiler chickens. A total of 270 (male and female) Ross 308 chicks were randomly assigned to 9 treatment groups. Two levels (2 g/kg diet and 4 g/kg diet as-fed) of Aspergillus oryzae meal (AO) and 4 consumption periods of AO (starter, grower, finisher, and entire period) in a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement were used. Compared with control, AO used during the entire rearing period increased weight gain, reduced relative weight of abdominal fat, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) serum levels, and increased antibody titers against influenza and Newcastle disease vaccination and sheep red blood cells injection. Few differences in the variables considered were found if AO was added to broiler diets only during specific consumption periods, and between the two supplementation levels of AO. In conclusion, the addition of AO to the broiler diet can have beneficial effects in terms of performance, carcass composition, and health, but these positive effects were mainly reached adding AO for the entire rearing period
Effects of physical form of diet and intensity and duration of feed restriction on the growth performance, blood variables,microbial flora, immunity, and carcass and organ characteristics of broiler chickens
No full textThis study was conducted to investigate the effects of physical form of diet and duration and intensity of feed restriction on growth performance, carcass and organ characteristics, immunity, cecal microbiota, and hematology of broiler chickens. Four hundred male broiler chickens (approximately 44.0. g) were randomly assigned to 10 treatment groups with 4 replicate cages with 10 broiler chickens per cage. Dietary treatments consisted of diet form (pellet and mash), intensity of feed restriction (12.5 and 25%), and duration of feed restriction (7 and 14. d) in a 2×2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Two additional treatments, pellet and mash control diets without feed restrictions, were included. Feed intake (FI) and weight gain (WG) were recorded weekly. At the end of the study (at 42. d of age), 1 chicken per replication and 4 chickens per treatment were selected for blood collection. Carcass composition, cecum microflora, and characteristics of gastrointestinal tracts were also assessed. The humoral immune responses of chickens to Newcastle vaccine, influenza vaccine, and sheep red blood cells (SRBC) were measured at 15 and 26, 31 and 40, and 28 and 35 d of age, respectively. Broiler chickens fed the pelleted diet had greater FI (. P<0.01), WG (. P<0.01), carcass weight (. P<0.01), and breast (. P<0.01) relative to the carcass weight, better feed conversion ratio (. P<0.01), and lower weight of pancreas (. P<0.01), duodenum (. P=0.02), and cecum (. P<0.01) relative to the carcass weight than those fed the mash diet. Compared with broiler chickens fed the mash diet, the Lactobacillus concentration in cecum decreased (. P<0.01) and plasma total protein and globulin concentrations increased (. P=0.01 and 0.02, respectively) in those fed the pelleted diet. Physical form of the diet did not affect antibody titres against Influenza, Newcastle disease, and SRBC. Within the diet form, feed restriction had a limited influence on the traits studied at slaughter compared with the pellet or mash diet feed restriction. In conclusion, the diet form played an important role on the growth performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens, whereas the feed restriction seemed to be insufficient to markedly improve the feed conversion ratio and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens at slaughter
Hierarchical clustering analysis based on metabolite levels in the hemolymph of different genetic strains of silkworm (Bombyx mori L., 1758) with regard to cocoon shell to cocoon weight ratio
No full textPrah ružmarina kao dodatak prehrani prepelica: učinak na rast, svojstva trupa, sastav krvne plazme, crijevnu mikrofloru i imunost
Full text linkThis study was conducted to investigate the effects of feed supplementation with rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) powder (RP) on the performance, carcass traits, blood variables, antibody responses, and gut microbiota of quails. 270 one-day-old male Japanese quails were allotted to 6 dietary treatments with 3 replications (15 birds per pen). The diets contained RP at levels of 0 g/kg of feed (CON), 5 g/kg of feed (T05), 10 g/kg of feed (T10), 15 g/kg of feed (T15), 20 g/kg of feed (T20) or 25 g/kg of feed (T25). The trial lasted 42 days. Body weight and feed intake were measured weekly by pen, and the feed conversion ratio (FCR) was calculated. Blood samples were collected for assessing the humoral immune response to Newcastle vaccination at the 29th and 42nd days of age. Analysis of caecal microflora was performed on one quail per replication on the 14th and 42nd days of age. At slaughter, the carcasses and the organs were weighed, and blood constituent analyses were performed. Quails fed with RP had higher weight gain (PCilj rada bio je istražiti učinak dodatka praha ružmarina (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) u prehrani (RP) na rast, svojstva trupa, krvne pokazatelje, stvaranje protutijela i crijevnu mikrofloru prepelica. U ukupno 270 jednodnevnih japanskih prepelica primijenjeno je šest režima prehrane u tri ponavljanja (15 ptica po odjeljku). Hrana je sadržavala prah ružmarina u dozama od 0 g/kg hrane (CON), 5 g/kg hrane (T05), 10 g/kg hrane (T10), 15 g/kg hrane (T15), 20 g/kg hrane (T20) or 25 g/kg hrane (T25). Pokus je trajao 42 dana. Tjelesna masa i unos hrane mjereni su tjedno po odjeljku te je izračunata stopa konverzije hrane (FCR). Uzeti su uzorci krvi kako bi se procijenio humoralni imunosni odgovor na cjepivo protiv njukaslske bolesti 29. i 42. dan. Crijevna mikroflora analizirana je u jedne prepelice po ponavljanju 14. i 42. dan. Pri usmrćivanju izmjerena je masa organa i trupova te su analizirani krvni pokazatelji. Prepelice hranjene prahom ružmarina imale su veći prirast tjelesne mase (P 0,05) ni na crijevnu mikrofloru prepelica (P > 0,05). Prah ružmarina povećao je titar protutijela na cjepivo 29. dan (P < 0,05) i smanjio omjer LDL-a i HDL-a u plazmi (P < 0,05). Dodatak praha ružmarina do 25 g/kg po obroku poboljšao je svojstva i imunost prepelica a da nije negativno utjecao na njihovu crijevnu mikrofloru
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Einfluss von Biomin®IMBO auf die humorale immunantwort von broilern
Full text linkThis experiment was performed to study the effect of the synbiotic Biomin®IMBO on the humoral immunity of Ross 308 strain broilers. Birds (n=200) were randomly assigned to 5 treatments (4 replicates of 10 birds each). Treatments were as follows: (1) Control; (2) 0.75 × Biomin®IMBO manufacturer’s level (ML); (3); Biomin®IMBO at ML recommended (1 × Biomin®IMBO ML), (4) 1.25 × Biomin®IMBO ML; and (5) 1.5 × Biomin®IMBO ML. The birds received the synbiotic through the diet and were immunised with double doses of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), Newcastle Disease virus (NDV) and Gumboro Disease (Infectious Bursal Disease virus, IBDV) vaccines and sheep red blood cells (SRBC) to evaluate humoral immunity by assessing antibody titres one week after the second immunisation, except for SRBC (one week after each immunisation). All levels of synbiotic given resulted in similar antibody titres against IBV, NDV and IBDV compared to the control group. However, birds receiving 1.0 × and 1.5 × Biomin®IMBO ML had higher titres against SRBC in both primary and secondary antibody responses. The data obtained from the experiment indicated that supplementing the feed with the synbiotic Biomin®IMBO increased the humoral immunity response of broilers against sheep red blood cells
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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