77 research outputs found
Is demand for polluting goods manageable? an econometric study of car ownership and use in Mexico
No full textCharging for social marginal costs is efficient regardless of price elasticities, but the importance of getting prices"right"is greater the more manageable, or elastic, the demand. In efficient pollution control programs, options to make cars cleaner are combined optimally with demand conservation. The roles played by"cleaner cars"as compared with"fewer trips"are determined by empirical parameters: cheap, clean technologies would imply a great role for cleaner cars, while high demand elasticities lead to a greater role for demand reduction. In seminal research, evisence was found to support the hypothesis that demand for commodities such as gasoline should have lower price elasticities and higher income elasticities in developing than in industrial countries. The authors estimate a model of gasoline demand and car ownership in Mexico, using a panel of annual observations by state. Key features they introduce are instrumental variables on different data and the treatment of (1) possible dynamics, (2) measurement errors in the data, and (3) unobserved characteristics in individual states. They use tests of serial correlation in the residuals to model the dynamics properly. The resulting model is one of almost immediate adjustment, with a short-term price elasticity for gasoline close to the long-term estimate of -0.8. The model displays elasticities that are lower (for income) and higher (for price) than those hypothesized, and are within the range of elasticities found in industrial countries. Byproducts of the model: The elasticity of car purchases with respect to gasoline prices is positive. Scrappage decisions are affected by income and by car and gasoline prices. And these elasticities are not significantly different in the richer states. For policy purposes, these findings do not support"elasticity pessimism"The use of car services is sensitive to pricing, which suggests that consumers, for some of their demand, have reasonably good alternatives to car services. Consideration of external costs - such as accidents, congestion, air pollution, and road damage - thus involve considerable demand conservation.Inequality,Transport and Environment,Energy and Environment,Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies
Frequency of early vascular aging and associated risk factors among an adult population in Latin America : the OPTIMO study
No full textThe main objective was to estimate the frequency of early vascular aging (EVA) in a sample of subjects from Latin America, with emphasis in young adults. We included 1416 subjects from 12 countries in Latin America who provided information about lifestyle, cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF), and anthropometrics. We measured pulse wave velocity (PWV) as a marker of arterial stiffness, and blood pressure (BP) using an oscillometric device (Mobil-O-Graph). To determine the frequency of EVA, we used multiple linear regression to estimate each subject’s PWV expected for his/her age and systolic BP, and compared with observed values to obtain standardized residuals (z-scores). We defined EVA when z-score was ≥1.96. Finally, a multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to determine baseline characteristics associated with EVA. Mean age was 49.9 ± 15.5 years, male gender was 50.3%. Mean PWV was 7.52 m/s (SD 1.97), mean systolic BP was 125.3 mmHg (SD 16.7) and mean diastolic BP was 78.9 mmHg (SD 12.2). The frequency of EVA was 5.7% in the total population, 9.8% in adults of 40 years or less and 18.7% in those 30 years or less. In these young adults, multiple logistic regression analyses demonstrated that dyslipidemia and hypertension showed an independent association with EVA, and smoking a borderline association (p = 0.07). In conclusion, the frequency of EVA in a sample from Latin America was around 6%, with higher rates in young adults. These results would support the search of CVRF and EVA during early adulthood
Gallons of Tequendama : analysis of the landscape's historical change and its influence on the symbolism associated with the Salto del Tequendama
No full textEl Salto del Tequendama, como paisaje de interés natural, sustenta un mosaico especial por su carácter monumental, escénico, ecológico, pedagógico y científico, lo cual lo hace valedor de una atención preferente en cuanto a su conocimiento, protección y divulgación. El deterioro y la transformación de los elementos de este paisaje han causado cambios en los imaginarios, las perspectivas y el carácter de interés natural, reflejado en los simbolismos asociados. Por lo mismo, la evaluación del paisaje y de sus elementos relacionados, ha sido relevante en los últimos años tras la caracterización e investigación de la biodiversidad asociada y la cuenca hidrográfica del río. No obstante, por sus elementos patrimoniales, culturales e históricos, la caracterización de este tipo de paisajes requiere de una síntesis de valores científicos, culturales, de uso y de gestión, que logre aportar al manejo de sus recursos naturales, organización y dinámicas sociales, así como a las percepciones e intereses particulares. Por medio de la identificación y análisis de las transformaciones más relevantes en la historia del Salto del Tequendama, se realiza una propuesta de evaluación bajo los parámetros de la iniciativa Satoyama, que involucra un marco metodológico centrado en los usos y simbolismos asociados al paisaje por medio de sus representaciones visuales. Proponer este diálogo interdisciplinario a través de la interpretación de sus obras visuales y la historia de la transformación del lugar, logra entonces postular una forma complementaria de leer y comprender las dinámicas de este sistema ecológico.BogotanosSEBAs a landscape of natural interest, the Tequendama Falls supports a unique mosaic due to its monumental, scenic, ecological, pedagogical, and scientific nature, which makes it worthy of preferential attention in terms of its knowledge, protection, and dissemination. The deterioration and transformation of landscape elements have caused changes in the imaginary perspectives and nature-related interests associated with symbolism. Therefore, the evaluation of landscape and the associated elements has been relevant in recent years after the characterization and research of the associated biodiversity and the river's hydrographic basin. However, due to its patrimonial, cultural, and historical elements, the characterization of this type of landscape requires a synthesis of scientific, cultural, use and management values, which manages to contribute to the management of its natural resources, organization, and social dynamics, as well as particular perceptions and interests. By identifying and analyzing the most relevant transformations in the Tequendama Falls history, an evaluation proposal under Satoyama's initiative parameters involved a methodological framework focused on the uses and symbolism through visual representations of the landscape. Proposing this interdisciplinary dialogue through the interpretation of his visual works and the history of the place's transformation manages to postulate a complementary way of reading and to understand this ecological system's dynamics.Ecólogo (a)Pregradohttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8677-1508https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=000183606
Entre talleres y saberes : diseño de la facultad de Arquitectura y Diseño del siglo XXI de la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana
No full textEl método de enseñanza en la arquitectura y el diseño es fundamental para generar una producción futura de proyectos arquitectónicos de calidad, debido a que durante este periodo académico se funden las bases del pensamiento crítico y las nociones espaciales necesarias para salir luego a la práctica profesional. La problemática del presente trabajo parte de las afectaciones al entusiasmo de la comunidad académica para desarrollar soluciones conjuntas y activas para las problemáticas actuales (visto desde un contexto espacial, dejando de lado el método pedagógico de las áreas del conocimiento y los currículos particulares de cada institución) Las áreas del conocimiento parecen estar cada vez mas aisladas unas de otras, degenerando la capacidad de construir un pensamiento colectivo.
Existe actualmente una decadencia con respecto a la relación del hombre y la arquitectura debido a un cambio en su enfoque, ya que se prioriza lo económico y político, antes que el bienestar, dejando de lado el interés de generar espacios para y desde el hombre. La propuesta desarrollada busca dar sentido al habitar como herramienta de aprendizaje continua gracias a la elaboración practica del ejercicio académico. Entendiendo el ejercicio del laboratorio y el encuentro de áreas del conocimiento en un mismo entorno como el mejor mecanismo de aprendizaje.
El presente proyecto, implantado en el campus universitario de la pontifica universidad javeriana en Bogotá, propone la completa renovación arquitectónica de la facultad de arquitectura y diseño. Las edificaciones actuales no están en capacidad de seguir albergando una escuela de arquitectura y diseño que sostenga más transformaciones que satisfagan las necesidades en pleno del estudiante tal y como son hoy en día. Al ser edificios que fueron concebidos en un contexto social donde la crisis climática no era un factor para tomar en cuenta en el diseño de las edificaciones, los edificios actuales no tienen ninguna certificación anterior que pueda atribuir a un
funcionamiento en pro de la crisis actual. Los edificios de la facultad se encuentran en zona de vulnerabilidad sísmica, y tres de los cuatro edificios, al ser estructuras diseñadas antes de la norma sismo-resistente, están expuestos a un fallo en su funcionamiento a futuro como causa de esto. Las edificaciones de la facultad al no estar inscritas en el instituto distrital de patrimonio cultural no cuentan con un agente institucional que determine la obligación de mantener a futuro estas edificaciones.
Este proyecto, lejos de querer imponer una nueva rutina espacial para el aprendizaje, busca enfatizar en la importancia de la apropiación de quien habita para desarrollar un espacio mas cercano a las funciones requeridas. Se busca salir de la morfología arquitectónica de únicas aulas como espacio de aprendizaje y encaminar el espacio hacia laboratorios espaciales, físicos y funcionales dentro de la comunidad. El resultado de la propuesta se proyecta a ser una construcción de comunidad en donde las diferentes áreas del conocimiento tienen un papel importante en el desarrollo espacial propuesta, dando espacios en donde la arquitectura y el diseño converjan con las demás facultades y espacios de la universidad. Asimismo, se busca democratizar el conocimiento consolidando espacios para la exposición pública de ideas académicas que refuercen el sentido del campus universitario como equipamiento urbano de escala metropolitana.Comunidad JaverianaArquitecto (a)Pregrad
Life Mastery: Reflections of a Scholarly Heart
No full textThis creative thesis attempts to bring academic and New Age discourses into conversation by combining the writing voice of the author’s academic identity—the scholar—with the writing voice of the author’s New Age identity—the wayseer. While researching academic discourses on the use of reflective writing, the author also participated in a New Age self development course called the Life Mastery program and facilitated by the Modern Day Mystery School located in Wilton Manors, Florida. The author uses the knowledge she acquired in her New Age studies to reconsider what she learned about writing as a student as well as to construct an identity as a member of both academic and New Age cultural communities. The work exemplifies what composition scholar Patricia Bizzell calls “hybrid” discourse. By mixing conventional components of research reports with language features from the genres of creative nonfiction and memoir, the resulting hybrid discourse explores as it demonstrates the value of reflective writing for academic objectives, of New Age practices for teaching writing and reflection, and of writing as a tool of identity construction and negotiation. Reflecting on topics ranging from the challenges of teaching first-year college students to the objectives of writing assignments received from Archangelic realms, the author portrays a writer’s path to know herself
OBREGON, Alvaro. ARTICULOS (3 of 4)
No full text"
A note which says: “Collect these with discretion”. Article with no author or date titled “The dots on the I’s”, regarding the conferences between the representatives of Presidents Obregón and Harding. Article with no author or date indicating that Gen. Alvaro Obregón is having problems with reconstructing Mexico within the limits of the budget.
/ Minuta con la anotación ""Coleccionar éstos con discreción"". Artículo sin autor ni fecha titulado ""Los puntos sobre las íes"", que trata sobre las conferencias entre los representantes de los presidentes Obregón y Harding. Artículo sin autor ni fecha que aborda el problema del Gral. Alvaro Obregón para lograr la reconstrucción de México sobre el presupuesto de ingresos.
OBREGON, Alvaro. ARTICULOS (3 of 4)
No full text"
A note which says: “Collect these with discretion”. Article with no author or date titled “The dots on the I’s”, regarding the conferences between the representatives of Presidents Obregón and Harding. Article with no author or date indicating that Gen. Alvaro Obregón is having problems with reconstructing Mexico within the limits of the budget.
/ Minuta con la anotación ""Coleccionar éstos con discreción"". Artículo sin autor ni fecha titulado ""Los puntos sobre las íes"", que trata sobre las conferencias entre los representantes de los presidentes Obregón y Harding. Artículo sin autor ni fecha que aborda el problema del Gral. Alvaro Obregón para lograr la reconstrucción de México sobre el presupuesto de ingresos.
Microplate assay for the determination of carboxypeptidase A inhibitory activity in Andean potatoes
No full textMetallocarboxypeptidases (MCPs) are zinc-dependent exopeptidases that catalyze the hydrolysis of C-terminal amide bonds in proteins and peptides. MCPs are involved in a wide range of physiological processes and have recently emerged as relevant drug targets in biomedicine (Arolas et. al., 2007). In higher plants, small proteinaceous protease inhibitors are wound-induced molecules produced as a part of its defense system against insect attack (Graham et. al., 1981; Villanueva et. al. 1998). Among such inhibitors, only two are specific for MCPs, i.e. the potato carboxypeptidase inhibitor (PCI) and its close homologue found in tomato plants. In humans, MCP action is exquisitely regulated and dysregulation of their function might lead to disease or even to cell death (Arolas et. al., 2007). In this context, the discovery and characterization of new MCPs inhibitors constitute a valuable approach for the development of new therapeutic strategies. Over the last few decades, the presence of MCPs inhibitors in Solanaceae has been extensively reported, revealing potato (Solanum tuberosum) as one of the most important sources of MCPs inhibitors (Hass et. al.,1979; Lufrano et. al., 2015). In this context, potatos are native from the Andean region of South America, where thousands of different potato varieties coexist, constituting a natural reservoir for the discovery of novel MCP inhibitors (Figure 1). In this protocol, we describe an optimized, simple and accessible microplate method for the measure of the specific and dose-response carboxypeptidase A inhibitory activities present in Andean potatoes tubers.Fil: Tellechea, Mariana Edith. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas. Laboratorio de Investigación de Proteínas Vegetales; Argentina. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; EspañaFil: Garcia Pardo Javier. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; EspañaFil: Cotabarren, Juliana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas. Laboratorio de Investigación de Proteínas Vegetales; ArgentinaFil: Lufrano, Daniela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas. Laboratorio de Investigación de Proteínas Vegetales; ArgentinaFil: Avilés, Francesc Xavier. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; EspañaFil: Obregon, Walter David. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas. Laboratorio de Investigación de Proteínas Vegetales; ArgentinaFil: Lorenzo, Julia. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; EspañaFil: Tanco, Sebastian. University of Ghent; Bélgica. VIB. Medical Biotechnology Center; Bélgic
Communication and Public Health in a Glocalized Context:Achievements and Challenges
No full textAs health communication as a formal and internationally recognized discipline approaches it’s 40th birthday and its success seems evident, it is worth while stopping up and asking two fundamental questions: What are the achievements of health communication? And; what are current challenges in health communication? As a scientific discipline health communication has grown enormously since it was formally recognized as a sub-discipline to communication in 1975 when the Health Communication Division was first recognized at the International Communication’s Association (Freimuth 2004: 2053). Today it is a well established discipline, mostly in schools of public health, and to a lesser degree in schools of media and communication. It is also a discipline with very particular characteristics. The Journal of Health Communication conducted a review of the first 10 years of their own journal’s publishing health communication research (1996-2006). It was a review which revealed a very clear profile of what health communication is, and is not. The study comprised of 321 articles, and the profile of the published material was as follows: ‘Its primary author is a U.S. academic. It probably focuses on smoking, HIV=AIDS, or cancer. It is an empirical research study, more likely to use quantitative, specifically survey methods, rather than qualitative methods. It probably is not driven by theory. It is much more likely to examine mass media communication than interpersonal communication. Its purpose is just as likely to be audience analysis as message design, as evaluation of a planned communication intervention. If its purpose is to evaluate a planned communication intervention however, that intervention is almost certainly a successful one.’ (Freimuth, Massett and Meltzer 2006: 11). This characteristic is further deconstructed in section one of this article where I reflect upon the characteristics of the discipline, presenting core achievements in health communication, also identifying and discussing what hasn’t been achieved. This is done based on a more recent article reviewing the field published in The Lancet in 2010. One significant characteristic of health communication as represented both in the Journal of Health Communication review and by the Lancet review is the significant absence of social sciences, in particular sociology, anthropology, media studies and political science. As I argue in section two of this article, it has as a consequence that some of the overall processes of globalization, development of risk society and the changing social relationships that are having significant implications for the health, well being and everyday life of ordinary citizens. This is to a degree, I argue, that calls for a fundamental rethinking of global health communication today and for an inclusion of these subject areas and scientific disciplines. My basic point here is that a much stronger interdisciplinary approach is needed in health communication in order to grasp the complexity of contemporary health challenges and the health communication responses to these. Thirdly, and in recognition of the interdisciplinarity of the field, I explore health citizenships and in particular how two stronger societal development trends are influencing the articulation of health citizenships. These development trends are mediatisation and globalization. On one hand our world is increasingly mediatised which is setting a whole new agenda regarding the formation of norms, values and lifestyles. On the other hand the multi-dimensional challenge of globalisation is challenging out national frameworks for responses to public health challenges and emphasizing the need for transnational collaboration. In order to understand the social determinants and the rights of ordinary citizens, we therefore need to complexify our conceptual approach to health communication, exploring the processes and challenges of mediatisation and globalization.Finally, I wrap up this chapter by formulating three statements w which hopefully can help us advance the research agenda of global health communication in the future
Method to evaluate the organizational climate of the teaching area of a technological bachelor center of Obregon, Sonora
No full textEl clima Organizacional, es un conjunto de percepciones que los individuos tienen de una empresa y el entorno, independientemente de cómo lo perciben otros, por lo tanto, es más una dimensión del individuo que de la organización. Por tal motivo, es importante conocer el pensar que tienen los docentes sobre el clima organizacional, porque esto afecta diferentes factores como el fisiológico, psicológico, social y económico, además de tener necesidades materiales, también necesita sentirse involucrado en un ambiente confortable para poder trabajar de manera óptima. Todos ellos, pueden tener todas las aptitudes necesarias para cubrir perfectamente los requerimientos del puesto, pero si no están en un ambiente agradable, no lograrán desarrollar su potencial. Es la razón por la cual, se llevó a cabo una encuesta del clima organizacional, la cual fue diseñada por el autor Likert, y modificada para evaluar anteriormente al personal administrativo del Departamento de Registro Escolar, del Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora. El cuestionario fue diseñado con 21 preguntas y se aplicó a 40 docentes del Centro de Bachillerato Tecnológico de Cd. Obregón. Después de la aplicación se realizó un informe donde se dan a conocer los resultados y las oportunidades de mejora, la aplicación del método para evaluar el clima organizacional, se considera como una herramienta eficaz para mejorar el desempeño de los empleados.The organizational climate is a set of perceptions that individuals have of a company and its environment, regardless of how others perceive it, therefore, is more of an individual dimension than of the organization. For this reason, is important to know the teachers thought about the organizational climate, because this affects different factors such as physiological, psychological, social and economic, in addition to having material needs, they also need to feel involved in a comfortable environment in order to work optimally. All of them, may have all the necessary skills to perfectly meet the requirements of the position, but if they are not in a pleasant environment, will not achieve their potential. This is the reason why, an organizational climate survey was carried out, designed by the author Likert, and modified for the previously evaluation of the administrative staff of the Scholastic Records Department, of the Technological Institute of Sonora. The questionnaire was designed with 21 questions and was applied to 40 teachers of the Technological Bachelor Center of Cd. Obregon. After the implementation a report was made where the results and the opportunities of improvement where found, the application method to evaluate the organizational climate, is considered an effective tool to improve the employees performance.Facultad de Ciencias Económica
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