1,721,025 research outputs found
Blue Lesions
No full textBlue color is found in a wide range of malignant and benign melanocytic and nonmelanocytic lesions and in lesions that result from penetration of exogenous materials, such as radiation or amalgam tattoo or traumatic penetration of particles. Discriminating between different diagnostic entities that display blue color relies on careful patient examination and lesion assessment. Dermoscopically, the extent, distribution, and patterns created by blue color can help diagnose lesions with specificity and differentiate between benign and malignant entities. This article provides an overview of the main diagnoses whereby blue color can be found, providing simple management rules for these lesions. © 2013 Elsevier Inc
Dermoscopic and clinical predictors of reflectance confocal microscopy patterns of typical nevi on the back and legs: A cross-sectional study
No full textNevus phenotype is a marker of melanoma risk. In-vivo prediction of microscopic pattern is needed to more precisely classify nevi
Reflectance confocal microscopy in the diagnosis of solitary pink skin tumours: Review of diagnostic clues
No full textReflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) is a noninvasive tool that can be helpful in the diagnosis of nonpigmented skin tumours. As RCM enables visualization of architectural and cytological structures at near-histological resolution, it can improve the diagnostic accuracy of dermoscopically equivocal solitary pink neoplasms. For management decisions, it is important to identify specific morphological clues that allow bedside classification of nonpigmented skin neoplasms into benign vs. malignant and melanocytic vs. nonmelanocytic. More specifically, the presence of a nested melanocytic proliferation at the dermoepidermal junction or dermis level permits the clinician to ascribe a given lesion as melanocytic; the identification of basaloid bright tumour islands is a key RCM feature for the diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma; and the presence of disarrayed epidermis along with small demarcated papillae is suggestive for the diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma. The present review offers a comprehensive description of the main RCM diagnostic clues for solitary pink neoplasms that direct clinicians to the correct diagnosis and that may serve as groundwork for future prospective studies. What's already known about this topic? Solitary pink tumours represent a diagnostic challenge for clinicians as they often reveal subtle clinical and dermoscopic features. Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) has been shown to improve the accuracy of diagnosis of amelanotic melanoma and basal cell carcinoma. What does this study add? This review describes the criteria for RCM diagnosis of neoplasms that present as solitary pink lesions. This descriptive information may facilitate the formulation of prospective studies testing RCM-based diagnosis of amelanotic neoplasms
Paradigmatic cases of pigmented lesions: How to not miss melanoma
No full textA large number of cases of melanoma exhibit clinical and dermoscopic clues leading to the correct diagnosis; however, sometimes melanoma can mimic benign melanocytic and non-melanocytic lesions. We present a small series of melanomas in which additional clues provided by confocal microscopy increased the index of suspicion and prompted us to perform an excisional biopsy. Practical rules that are useful in difficult-to-diagnose melanomas are discussed
The most common challenges in melanoma diagnosis and how to avoid them
No full textDue to its particularly lethal nature and tendency to affect relatively young individuals, the timely diagnosis of melanoma remains of paramount importance for clinicians and their patients. Unfortunately, melanomas can mimic benign lesions that are overwhelmingly more common in the population than are melanomas, and misdiagnosis or delay in diagnosis of melanoma can occur. Misdiagnosis of melanoma serves as one of the most common causes for malpractice litigation brought against medical practitioners. In this review we describe seven clinical scenarios that represent challenges in melanoma diagnosis and discuss potential strategies for avoiding the errors that commonly give rise to those scenarios
Precise Longitudinal Tracking of Microscopic Structures in Melanocytic Nevi Using Reflectance Confocal Microscopy: A Feasibility Study
No full textReflectance confocal microscopy (RCM), a cellular-level, in vivo imaging technique, may be potentially used for monitoring melanocytic neoplasms for microscopic stability vs changes over time
"Neglected nipples": acanthosis nigricans-like plaques caused by avoidance of nipple cleansing
Full text linkAcanthosis nigricans (AN) develops sporadically or in association with obesity, insulin-resistance and dark pigmentary phenotype. Unusual clinical presentations of AN may be diagnostically vexing
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Visualizing Touton Giant Cells Under Reflectance Confocal Microscopy in Two Cases of Juvenile Xanthogranuloma
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