1,721,118 research outputs found
Discordant landscapes: managing modern heritage at Twyford Down, Hampshire (England)
No full textThis essay goes to the heart of many of the accepted notions that inform heritage practice and theory: of the permanence of monuments; their legitimisation by age; their preservation from change; and their representation of a social consensus. By contrast, modern 'intrusions' to lived space are designed to be impermanent, are obviously new, represent change and often result from conflict. Twyford Down (Hampshire) is an example - a concrete expression - of this discordance: it has legal protection, but was compromised by the construction of the M3 motorway extension in the late 1980s. Yet, with archaeologists increasingly willing to explore the contemporary past, can sites like Twyford Down not be interpreted in a very different way, by recognising the landscape as dynamic not static, and by understanding that the process of change is as relevant today as it was in the past? In this essay such a post-modern interpretation of landscape and heritage-management practice is suggested, placing Twyford Down's later 20th-century components alongside those of an earlier date. It is difficult to give such contemporary places the official recognition they deserve
Intimate Engagements: Art, Heritage and Experience at the 'Place-Ballet'
No full textThis essay will examine the cross-overs that can increasingly be seen between archaeological research and practice, and contemporary art: artistic installation and intervention becomes archaeological, if anything other than the most literal and conservative of definitions is used; archaeological practice is performance, and like much art, the process matters more than the result - the journey more than the destination; and finally art can be used to interpret historic places and events, in some cases more effectively than conventional heritage facilities, and archaeological evidence. Here I will use a range of examples to examine how artists are archaeologists, and vice versa
Monuments and the memories of war: motivations for preserving military sites in England
No full textChiefly papers presented at the World Archaeological Congress, held Jan. 1999 in Cape Town, South Africa.
Matériel culture encompasses the material remains of conflict, from buildings and monuments to artefacts and militia, as well as human remains. This collection of essays, from an international range of contributors, illustrates the diversity in this material record, highlights the difficulties and challenges in preserving, presenting and interpreting it, and above all demonstrates the significant role matériel culture can play in contemporary society.Among the many studies are:* the 'culture of shells'* the archaeology of nuclear testing grounds* Cambodia's 'killing fields'* the Berlin Wall* and the biography of a medal*the reappearance of Argentina's 'disappeared'*World War II concentration camp
The Ethics of Cultural Heritage
No full textDebates about the ethics of cultural heritage in the twentieth century were focused on the need to establish standards of professionalism and on the development of the skills and expertise required for rigorously objective conservation. The ethics of cultural heritage have often been conceived of in terms of three types of responsibilities: to the ‘archaeological record’ (or stewardship), to ‘diverse publics’ (or stakeholders) and to the profession and the discipline. This volume builds on recent approaches that move away from treating ethics as responsibilities to external domains and to the discipline and which seek to realign ethics with discussions of theory, practice and methods. The chapters in this collection chart a departure from the tradition of external heritage ethics, to a broader approach underpinned by the turn to human rights, issues of social justice and the political economy of heritage, conceptualising ethical responsibilities not as pertaining to the past but to a future-focused domain of social action.</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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