14 research outputs found
Acidification des sédiments des bassins d’élevage de la crevette en Nouvelle-Calédonie
No full textL’objectif de ce document est de faire un bilan des informations collectées depuis 25 ans sur le pH des sédiments dans le cadre d’expériences et de suivis réalisés sur les élevages de la crevette Litopenaeus stylirostris en Nouvelle-Calédonie. Les données concernent aussi bien les tannes nues avant construction des bassins que les sédiments prélevés au cours de l’assec entre deux élevages, ou pendant l’élevage lorsque les structures sont en eau.
Les pH des sols de tannes avant construction des bassins sont généralement compris entre 7,2 et 8,8. Un cycle de production conduit à une acidification de 0,2 à 0,3 unités pH sur les deux premiers cm de sédiment. Le pH suivi in situ pendant l’élevage montre des variations importantes liées aux processus impliqués dans la minéralisation de la matière organique. Les valeurs sont au plus bas sur la période 50 à 80 jours après l’ensemencement des post-larves. À l’échelle des trente dernières années, les données suggèrent une acidification des sols qui conduirait à des valeurs de pH critiques pour les animaux.
L’ensemble des résultats suggère que l’acidification des sols sur le long terme serait due, une fois la réserve alcaline initiale consommée, à la mise en place de sols acides à sulfates et être associée à la formation de minéraux faiblement cristallisés. Ce processus d’évolution des sols, s’il est avéré, pourrait être très préjudiciable à la santé des animaux et nuire à la durabilité du système. Des travaux devront déterminer sous quelle forme et en quelle quantité les amendements devront être apportés pour maintenir une réserve alcaline suffisante et des conditions de pH non stressantes pour les crevettes
The Translation of Carnival in Trinidad and Tobago: The Evolution of a Festival
No full textCarnival as a medium of cultural expression is a festival that has existed in various forms around the world. In this article, the author examines Carnival in Trinidad and Tobago through the lens of Translation Studies. Can a cultural object such as a festival be described as a translation? Drawing on Toury’s broad notion of translation as an any process that crosses systemic boundaries and on his descriptive translation model, on Fernando Ortiz’ notion of transculturation and on Even-Zohar’s polysystem theory, the author explores how the process of evolution of Carnival parallels the process of the translation of a text, concluding ultimately that this evolution is in fact not just a process of translation, but one of transculturation.Como medio de expresión cultural, el carnaval es un festival que ha existido históricamente, en formas diversas, en varios lugares del mundo. La autora presenta su estudio sobre el Carnaval de Trinidad y Tobago a través de una perspectiva basada en los estudios de traducción. Se plantea la pregunta general de si un objeto cultural como lo es un festival puede describirse como traducción. A continuación aborda el estudio desde una base teórica basada en la definición de Gideon Toury de la traducción como proceso de cruce entre fronteras sistémicas y su propuesta del modelo descriptivo aplicado a la traducción, así como también en la noción de transculturación de Fernando Ortiz y la teoría de los polisistemas de Itamar Even-Zohar. La autora compara el proceso de evolución del carnaval con el proceso de traducción de un texto, para concluir que, más que a una traducción, dicha evolución se acerca al proceso de transculturación.Le carnaval, comme moyen d’expression culturelle, est un festival qui prend des formes différentes à travers le monde. Dans cet article, l’auteure étudie le carnaval à Trinidad et Tobago sous l’optique de la traductologie. Peut-on qualifier un tel objet culturel de traduction ? S’inspirant de Gideon Toury —notamment de sa définition de la traduction comme tout procédé qui traverse des frontières systémiques et des études descriptives de la traduction—, du concept de transculturation proposé par Fernando Ortiz et de la théorie des polysystèmes d’Itamar Even Zohar, l’auteure compare l’évolution du carnaval à la traduction d’un texte et conclut qu’il ne s’agit pas d’un simple processus de traduction, mais de transculturation.O carnaval como um meio de expressão cultural é um festival que existe em diversas formas pelo mundo todo. Neste artigo, a autora examina o carnaval em Trinidad e Tobago através da lente dos estudos da tradução. Um objeto cultural como um festival ser descrito como uma tradução? Para explorar a maneira como o processo de evolução do carnaval se assemelha ao processo de tradução de um texto, a autora se baseia na ampla noção de tradução como qualquer processo que ultrapasse fronteiras sistêmicas, proposta por Toury, além de no modelo descritivo de tradução de Toury, no conceito de transculturação de Fernando Ortiz e na teoria dos polissistemas de Even-Zohar. Por fim, conclui que essa evolução na verdade não é um simples processo de tradução, mas de transculturação
Generation of a proteomic database to reveal interactomes of human neural diseases associated-proteins
No full textThesis (M.A.)--Boston University
PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at [email protected]. Thank you.The rising rates of neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental disorders have led to much discovery on their genetic abnormalities and clinical manifestations. However, the link between the genomics and phenotypes of these diseases has yet to be elucidated. Through proteomics, identification of protein complexes will be useful in defining the molecular mechanisms of these disorders at both the protein and systems levels. With the use of a stats database, the novel proteomic approach of CompPASS can be used to produce high confidence interaction networks for proteins encoded by disease-associated genes. Due to the cell-specificity of these protein complexes, a new stats database using physiologically relevant cells is needed to study neural disorders. In this study, we were able to express, immunoprecipate, and analyze by MS 50 different baits by using the SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line. The new SH-SY5Y stats table was analyzed and found to correctly decipher background and high-confidence interacting proteins. Additionally, we provide validation for our approach as the analysis resulted in the identification of HCIPs that were not found by using the existing 293T cell stats database. The newly created SH-SY5Y stats table will help link the genetic abnormalities underlying neural disorders to their phenotypes. We hope this platform will eventually result in treatments to improve the quality of life of individuals suffering from these pathologies
Sylvain Bemba, journalist and writer of the dream of a liberated Africa
No full textIntellectuel et homme de lettres congolais, Sylvain Bemba (1934-1995) fait partie des écrivains subsahariens qui, dès la fin des années 1960, vont à partir de leurs écrits littéraires chercher des solutions aux maux des populations africaines en situation de crise néo-coloniale. Bien que hautement estimé par ses compatriotes et ses pairs qui le considèrent d’ailleurs comme un « classique de la littérature au Congo » et malgré « une oeuvre forte et consistante », celui-ci semble avoir disparu de la mémoire littéraire francophone. Lésé comme bien de ses pairs au détriment d’une poignée d’écrivains africains mieux lotis, parce que « canonisés », Sylvain Bemba a surtout été victime des rouages complexes de la « République mondiale des lettres ». À partir de données historiographiques et littéraires, cette étude réhabilite, (re)découvre et fait (re)découvrir cet auteur francophone, son parcours d’intellectuel africain engagé et son oeuvre. S’appuyant sur un corpus constitué de textes théâtraux et romanesques de l’auteur publiés entre la fin des années 1960 et le début des années 1980, le présent travail interroge la personnalité culturelle, la pensée politique et l’esthétique scripturale de cet écrivain subsaharien féru d’art et partisan des libertés humaines.Sylvain Bemba (1934-1995), a Congolese intellectual and man of letters, was one of the sub- Saharan writers who, from the end of the 1960s, used their literary writings to seek solutions to the ills of African populations in a neo-colonial crisis. Although highly esteemed by his compatriots and peers, who consider him a 'classic of literature in the Congo', and despite 'a strong and consistent work', he seems to have disappeared from the Francophone literary memory. Like many of his peers, Sylvain Bemba has been disadvantaged to the detriment of a handful of African writers who are better off because they have been "canonised". Above all, he has been a victim of the complex workings of the "World Republic of Letters". Based on historiographical and literary data, this study rehabilitates, (re)discovers and makes (re)discover this French-speaking author, his career as a committed African intellectual and his work. Relying on a corpus made up of the author's theatrical and novelistic texts published between the end of the 1960s and the beginning of the 1980s, the present work questions the cultural personality, the political thought and the scriptural esthetics of this sub-Saharan writer who is a lover of art and a supporter of human freedoms
Sylvain Bemba, journaliste et écrivain du rêve d'une Afrique libérée
No full textSylvain Bemba (1934-1995), a Congolese intellectual and man of letters, was one of the sub- Saharan writers who, from the end of the 1960s, used their literary writings to seek solutions to the ills of African populations in a neo-colonial crisis. Although highly esteemed by his compatriots and peers, who consider him a 'classic of literature in the Congo', and despite 'a strong and consistent work', he seems to have disappeared from the Francophone literary memory. Like many of his peers, Sylvain Bemba has been disadvantaged to the detriment of a handful of African writers who are better off because they have been "canonised". Above all, he has been a victim of the complex workings of the "World Republic of Letters". Based on historiographical and literary data, this study rehabilitates, (re)discovers and makes (re)discover this French-speaking author, his career as a committed African intellectual and his work. Relying on a corpus made up of the author's theatrical and novelistic texts published between the end of the 1960s and the beginning of the 1980s, the present work questions the cultural personality, the political thought and the scriptural esthetics of this sub-Saharan writer who is a lover of art and a supporter of human freedoms.Intellectuel et homme de lettres congolais, Sylvain Bemba (1934-1995) fait partie des écrivains subsahariens qui, dès la fin des années 1960, vont à partir de leurs écrits littéraires chercher des solutions aux maux des populations africaines en situation de crise néo-coloniale. Bien que hautement estimé par ses compatriotes et ses pairs qui le considèrent d’ailleurs comme un « classique de la littérature au Congo » et malgré « une oeuvre forte et consistante », celui-ci semble avoir disparu de la mémoire littéraire francophone. Lésé comme bien de ses pairs au détriment d’une poignée d’écrivains africains mieux lotis, parce que « canonisés », Sylvain Bemba a surtout été victime des rouages complexes de la « République mondiale des lettres ». À partir de données historiographiques et littéraires, cette étude réhabilite, (re)découvre et fait (re)découvrir cet auteur francophone, son parcours d’intellectuel africain engagé et son oeuvre. S’appuyant sur un corpus constitué de textes théâtraux et romanesques de l’auteur publiés entre la fin des années 1960 et le début des années 1980, le présent travail interroge la personnalité culturelle, la pensée politique et l’esthétique scripturale de cet écrivain subsaharien féru d’art et partisan des libertés humaines
Test on the Exploitation of the Madagascar Peanut Sector, Case of the Volcanic Region of Itasy
No full textThe Itasy region, our study area, is one of the 22 regions of Madagascar, and is possibly with a vocation and a great agricultural potential; among them, there is also the groundnut industry. So far, there have been very few scientific studies done around this area. This leads us to have a further study to the area. We carried out two geological reconnaissances and sampling missions in two sectors: one was in the commune of Ampary district of Soavinandriana and the other one was in the commune of Anosibe-Ifanja, followed by various analyses and tests of culture. Our goal is to carry out more scientific studies on the valuation of the groundnut industry in the Itasy region. In the laboratory we carried out various analyzes: chemical analysis, mineralogical analysis by X-ray fluorescence method, particle size analysis, and peanut culture tests of two varieties, equipment design followed by improvement and various tests extraction of peanut oil.The results of the chemical analysis showed a fertilizing value of the samples. The mineralogical analysis showed the richness of minerals and trace elements of the different samples. Cultivation tests showed positive action to the groundnut variety of groundnut volcanic soil than to the variety of peanut menakely. The extraction tests have told us that the more the pressure force increases, the more extraction efficiency increases
Genetic variation in molting time and its effects on growth and color traits in the Pacific blue shrimp Litopenaeus stylirostris
No full textInternational audienceTo grow and develop, shrimps must shed their exoskeletons. In shrimp an inter-individual variability in molting time is spread over about a week. The genetic basis of this variability and its implications for selective breeding programs to improve growth or quality traits remains largely unexplored.We estimated the effect of molting stage on genetic parameters of growth and color traits in the Pacific blue shrimp Litopenaeus stylirostris. As the variability of molting time may also be partly genetically determined, we estimated the heritabilities of molt stages and molting time under the hypothesis that some families may have the additive genetic potential to molt earlier (or later) than others.To address these questions, 1200 shrimp progenies (mean body weight 14.5 g) from 49 full- and half-sib families, bred according to a partly factorial design with double-sire insemination, were phenotyped over 3 successive days, 3 to 5 days before the full moon. Body weight, body length, head length and molt stage were recorded on uncooked shrimp and external color traits on uncooked or both uncooked and cooked shrimp.Molt stage had a significant phenotypic effect on all traits except for body length and head-to-length ratio. The heritability estimates for both growth and color traits were, however, similar in models with or without molting, and the estimated breeding values were highly correlated between these models.The heritability of molt stage with a four-class threshold model was low (0.07 [0.02–0.28]). When the stage classes were combined into just two to simplify the description of the molting process, the heritability of early or late molting was intermediate (from 0.16 [0.10–0.28] to 0.22 [0.13–0.40]), indicating that this trait is partly under additive genetic determinism rather than solely under environmental control. The genetic correlations of molting traits with body weight were not different from zero.These results are discussed for selective breeding practices and shrimp molting biology to consider in future study molting as a factor to improve selection practices for disease resistance, feed efficiency and robustness
Did the Paleo-Asian Ocean between North China Block and Mongolia Block exist during the Late Paleozoic? First paleomagnetic evidence from central-eastern Inner Mongolia, China
No full textInternational audienceThe tectonic evolution of the Paleo-Asian Ocean between the North China Block (NCB) and the Mongolia Block (MOB) is a contentious issue, and geodynamic models remain speculative. In an effort to puzzle out this controversy, a paleomagnetic study was carried out on the Silurian to Permian formations in central- eastern Inner Mongolia (China). More than 680 sedimentary and volcanic samples were collected from 86 sites. We have established titanium-poor magnetite and hematite as the principal magnetic carriers. AMS measurements demonstrate negligible deformation of the majority of study rocks with sedimentary fabrics. From primary magnetizations, a Late Devonian and a Permian pole are calculated for IMB at: λ = 46.8°N, φ = 349.1°E, dp = 14.6°, dm = 27.3° with N = 3 and λ = 48.7°N, φ = 3.7°E, dp = 5.2°, dm = 9.1° with N = 6, respectively. Two stages of secondary magnetization are also identified probably due to Early Permian and Early Cretaceous magmatic events. As preliminary results, the comparison of our new paleomagnetic poles with available data from NCB, MOB and Siberia indicates that (1) the paleolatitude of IMB, NCB and MOB are consistent between Late Devonian and Permian, suggesting pre-Late Devonian closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean and further evaluation of these three blocks as a single entity; (2) post-Permian intracontinental deformation was significant and characterized by block rotations, which are due to strike-slip faulting within the welded NCB-IMB-MOB block
Correction: Characterizing multicity urban traffic conditions using crowdsourced data (PLoS ONE (2019) 14:3 (e0212845) DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212845)
No full textThere are errors in the Author Contributions. The correct contributions are: Conceptualization: DJN SC NS VD. Data curation: DJN FG SC NS. Formal Analysis: DJN FG SC NS. Investigation: DJN FG SC VD. Methodology: DJN SC VD. Resources: VD. Supervision: VD. Validation: DJN SC. Writing–original draft: DJN NS. Writing–review & editing: DJN SC NS
Evaluation of high performance noise-reducing asphalt layers using accelerated pavement testing
No full textAn optimal wearing course should provide safety, comfort, and durability while minimizing the impact on the environment. An experimental program was carried out, involving the evaluation of ten asphalt mix designs. Two innovative acoustic mixes, plus a traditional one, were selected from this program. Lab experiments demonstrated that the grading curves and void structure of these mixes lead to a good compromise between acoustic performance, skid resistance, durability and rolling resistance. A full-scale experiment was then carried out on an APT facility, to validate the good behavior highlighted by laboratory studies embodied by the enhancement of acoustic absorption (peak values of 0.86 and 0.78 for the two innovative acoustic mixes, 0.39 for the reference mix) for equivalent mechanical properties. After the experiment, the properties of test sections (mechanical properties, surface roughness, skid resistance, and acoustic properties) were evaluated. The results confirmed the good durability of the mixes under traffic loadingThe presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the pdf file of the accepted manuscript may differ slightly from what is displayed on the item page. The information in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript reflects the original submission by the author
