1,720,957 research outputs found
Anolift for advanced haemorrhoidal disease: a video vignette
No full textThe concept of transanal haemorrhoidal dearterialization (THD) was
first described by Morinaga et al. in 199
Subtotal cholecystectomy for difficult acute cholecystitis: how to finalize safely by laparoscopy-a systematic review
Get PDFBACKGROUND: Aim of this study was to clarify the best
laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy (LSTC) technique for
finalizing a difficult cholecystectomy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A
review was performed (1987-2021) searching ``difficulty
cholecystectomy'' AND/OR ``subtotal cholecystectomy''. The LSTC
techniques considered were as follows: type A, leaving posterior
wall attached to the liver and the remainder of the gallbladder
stump open; type B, like type A but with the stump closed; type
C, resection of both the anterior and posterior gallbladder
walls and the stump closed; type D, like type C but with the
stump open. Morbidity (including mortality) was analysed with
Dindo-Clavien classification. RESULTS: Nineteen articles were
included. Of the 13,340 patients screened, 678 (8.2\%) had
cholecystectomy finalized by LSTC: 346 patients (51.0\%) had
type A LSTC, 134 patients (19.8\%) had type B LSTC, 198 patients
(29.2\%) had type C LSTC, and 198 patients (0\%) had type D
LSTC. Bile leakage was found in 83 patients (12.2\%), and
recorded in 58 patients (69.9\%) treated by type A. Twenty-three
patients (3.4\%) developed a subhepatic collection, 19 of whom
(82.6\%) were treated by type A. Other complications were
reported in 72 patients (10.6\%). The Dindo-Clavien
classification was four for grade I, 27 for grade II, 126 for
grade IIIa, 18 for grade IIIb, zero for grade IV and three for
grade V. CONCLUSION: In the case of LSTC, closure of the
gallbladder stump represents the best method to avoid
complications. Careful exploration of the gallbladder stump is
mandatory, washing the abdominal cavity and leaving drainage
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Mapping the therapeutic landscape in emergency incisional hernia: a scoping review
No full textPURPOSE: Incisional hernias (IH) represent common complications following abdominal surgeries, with emergency repair associated with increased morbidity and mortality. This scoping review aimed to map the existing literature on emergency incisional hernia repair, identify research gaps, and inform future guideline development. METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed MEDLINE and SCOPUS for studies published between January 2000 and August 2024. Articles addressing any aspect of emergency incisional hernia repair in adults were included. Data extraction focused on study characteristics, patient demographics, surgical approaches, and outcomes. RESULTS: Of 801 unique articles identified, 73 met the inclusion criteria. Most were cohort studies (73.97%), with only one randomized trial. The primary areas of interest were repair methods (47.95%), operative outcomes (31.51%), risk assessment (16.44%), and diagnosis (5.48%). Pooled analysis revealed a predominantly female (63%), elderly (mean age 62.3 years), and comorbid patient population. The most frequent study endpoints were readmission (18%), surgical site infection (12%), reoperation (8%), and mortality (4%). Significant heterogeneity was observed in defect characterization and surgical techniques. CONCLUSION: This review highlights a paucity of randomized studies guiding emergency incisional hernia management. Key issues identified include inconsistent definitions of emergency presentation, limited data on hernia characteristics, and a lack of standardized outcome reporting. Future research should focus on developing a unified classification system for emergency incisional hernias, evaluating the role of imaging in decision-making, and conducting comparative studies on various treatment strategies across different clinical scenarios.Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made.RDUH staff can access the full-text of this article by clicking on the 'Additional Link' above and logging in with NHS OpenAthens if prompted
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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