1,721,030 research outputs found
En búsqueda de las oportunidades : experiencias de movilidad educativa y movilidad social en Chile
No full textEl presente estudio analiza el efecto de la expansión del acceso a la educación superior sobre la movilidad social en Chile, basándose en las experiencias y en las auto-percepciones de movilidad de egresados universitarios que son los primeros en sus familias en haber accedido a la educación superior. Estudios nacionales muestran que los retornos a la educación superior en general son positivos pero que no son iguales para todos los egresados, por ejemplo, se han encontrado diferencias de ingresos por origen social (Núñez y Gutiérrez, 2004). Asimismo, se ha constatado que las oportunidades laborales de egresados dependen de la calidad y el prestigio de la institución donde se han cursado los estudios superiores (Meller, 2010; Urzúa, 2012). Sin embargo, la movilidad social no sólo tiene que ver con los ingresos y el estatus socio-ocupacional de las personas, sino también con factores como autonomía, acceso a servicios y bienes de consumo, e inclusión (real o percibida) en la sociedad. Estos aspectos se relacionan con la auto-percepción de clase. Utilizando un diseño cualitativo, el estudio analiza las auto-percepciones de movilidad de egresados universitarios que son los primeros profesionales en su familia para alcanzar una mayor comprensión de cómo la educación influye en la movilidad socialFil: Scheele, Judith. Centro de Políticas Comparadas de Educación, Universidad Diego Portales; Universidad de Leiden, Holanda
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Telling Stories About (Roman) Law
No full textLegalism is as much about cultures of argument as it is about ‘rule following’. This chapter first explores the conceptual make-up of legalism through an analysis of Rudolph von Jhering’s attack on Begriffsjurisprudenz (the ‘jurisprudence of concepts’), before turning to Jhering’s own sociological jurisprudence. The following section analyses the temporality, particularity, and constructedness of legal rules and concepts, taking Hart’s analytical jurisprudence as a focus. The remaining sections of the chapter concentrate on the technicalities of law in a broader sense, using Roman law as a case-study: how, exactly, do legal rules and concepts ‘come to life' within institutionalized contexts and traditions? Rather than focusing on rules, concepts, and categories in relation to doctrine, we need to think about an ethnology of legal rhetoric: about the roles that rules and categories play within cultures of reasoned argument. The substance of the analysis is provided by Quintilian’s first-century Institutes of Rhetoric
'Half-free' categories in the early middle ages:fine status distinctions before professional lawyers
Get PDFLex Scripta and the Problem of Enforcement
No full textThe gap between written law (lex scripta) and legal practice has long been a problem for medieval historians. The content of law does not necessarily envisage structures for its own enforcement, nor were the texts themselves cited in court proceedings. This chapter offers a different perspective on enforcement. It examines three legal traditions and argues that all contain common expectations that individuals in the locality should actively maintain order, particularly when transgressions occurred; indeed, there could be explicit consequences for not doing so. These individuals, however, were not autonomous but were necessarily attached to others: friends, kin, and lords. The content of written law thus absorbed and was informed by the values and socio-legal networks of an abstracted local community. Seeing enforcement as a ‘problem’ that the drafters of written law did not confront is thus to misunderstand the communal logics that informed the prescriptions and norms of written law
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
