169,746 research outputs found
Microbiological study of cosmetic products during their use by consumers: health risk and efficacy of preservative systems
No full textAim:To evaluate the microbial contamination of 91 cosmetics (23 o/w emul-sions, 47 tensiolytes, 21 aqueous pastes) in three different states of use (intact,
in-use, ending product) and the protection efficacy of the preservative systems
most frequently used in the analysed cosmetic formulations.
Methods and Results:Total bacterial count, isolation and identification of
pathogenic isolates were performed on the collected cosmetics. About 10Æ6% of
tensiolytes (13Æ5% bath foam, 6Æ7% shampoo, 10% liquid soaps) were contam-inated by Staphylococcus warneri, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas
putida. The efficacy of the preservative systems of two cosmetic products, tested
against standard micro-organisms (Staphylococcus aureusATCC 4338 andPseu-domonas aeruginosaATCC 9027) and two isolates from cosmetics in this study
(S. epidermidisandP. putida), satisfied the Cosmetics, Toiletries, and Fragrance
Association and Official Italian Pharmacopeia criteria, while only one tested
cosmetic respected the Rapid Challenge Test criterion.
Conclusions:Contaminated cosmetic products are relatively uncommon, but
some products, unable to suppress the growth of several micro-organisms, rep-resent a potential health hazard.
Significance and Impact of the Study:The challenge test may be performed
not only during the preparation of the preservative system in the intact cos-metics, but also be used to evaluate the protection efficacy during their use
Bioadesione e funzionalità cutanea di microsfere ottenute con biopolimeri.
No full textGli esteri dell'acido ialuronico rappresentano nuovi biopolimeri di cui è stata dimostrata l'attività biologica e la versatilità di applicazione. Questi possono essere utilizzati per ottenere un numero vario di forme chimico-fisiche di interesse farmaceutico, medico e cosmetico. Oggetto di questo studio sono le microsfere, costituite in particolare dall'estere benzilico che rappresentano una valida alternativa a materie prime più comuni quali polimeri della cellulosa, gomme o prodotti sintetici
Microbial study of cosmetic products during their use by consumers: health risk and efficacy of preservative systems
No full textTo evaluate the microbial contamination of 91 cosmetics (23 o/w emulsions,
47 tensiolytes, 21 aqueous pastes) in three different states of use (intact,
in-use, ending product) and the protection efficacy of the preservative systems
most frequently used in the analysed cosmetic formulations.
Methods and Results: Total bacterial count, isolation and identification of
pathogenic isolates were performed on the collected cosmetics. About 10Æ6% of
tensiolytes (13Æ5% bath foam, 6Æ7% shampoo, 10% liquid soaps) were contaminated
by Staphylococcus warneri, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas
putida. The efficacy of the preservative systems of two cosmetic products, tested
against standard micro-organisms (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 4338 and Pseudomonas
aeruginosa ATCC 9027) and two isolates from cosmetics in this study
(S. epidermidis and P. putida), satisfied the Cosmetics, Toiletries, and Fragrance
Association and Official Italian Pharmacopeia criteria, while only one tested
cosmetic respected the Rapid Challenge Test criterion.
Conclusions: Contaminated cosmetic products are relatively uncommon, but
some products, unable to suppress the growth of several micro-organisms, represent
a potential health hazard.
Significance and Impact of the Study: The challenge test may be performed
not only during the preparation of the preservative system in the intact cosmetics,
but also be used to evaluate the protection efficacy during their use
Triterpene, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Compounds from Melissa officinalis
No full textABSTRACT: Six new triterpenes (1–6) and four known compounds have been isolated from dried stems and leaves of Melissa officinalis.
The known compounds were identified as quadranoside III, salvianic acid A, rosmarinic acid, and luteolin. The structures
of compounds 1–6 were established by analysis of spectroscopic data. Free radical scavenging and antimicrobial activities
of the extracts and of rosmarinic acid, the major component, were evaluated
“In vitro” protective effect of Rhodiola rosea extract against hypochlorous acid-induced oxidative damage in human erythrocytes
No full textRhodiola rosea L. (Crassulaceae) is a plant living at high altitudes in Europe and Asia. Its roots have long been used in the traditional medical system of these geographical areas to increase the organism resistance to physical stress; today, it has become an important component of many dietary supplements. In this study we investigate the antioxidant capacity of the R. rosea aqueous extract evaluating its ability to counteract some of the main damages induced by hypochlorous acid (HOCl), a powerful oxidant generated by activated phagocytes, to human erythrocytes. Ascorbic acid was used as a reference substance because of its physiological HOCl-scavenging ability. Our study demonstrates that R. rosea is able to significantly protect, in a dose-dependent manner, human RBC from glutathione (GSH) depletion, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) inactivation and hemolysis induced by the oxidant. Furthermore, we demonstrate that R. rosea aqueous extract acts from the inside of the erythrocyte suggesting a probable involving of cell components. The protection on GSH afforded by the R. rosea extract with respect to ascorbic acid, occurred also if added 2 or 5 min. later than the oxidant, suggesting a more rapid or powerful effect
Molecole odorose: sintesi e proprietà di molecole odorose, relazione struttura molecolare-odore.
No full textGoing Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Synthesis and odour properties of floral smelling compounds.
No full textTo provide further information on the relationships between chemical structure and floral odour, here we report the synthesis and the odour evaluation of some spirane derivatives, designed as conformational models of our previously described floral odorants. One of the new compounds (5-methyl-benzo[1,3]dioxole-2-spiro-1-cyclohexane), in particular, is endowed with a particularly pleasant odour of white flowers, can be easily prepared from commercial products and is more stable than other odorants of the same class; these characteristics make this odorant suitable for being used as an additive in perfumery and cosmetics
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