1,720,967 research outputs found
Valorization of Biomass Gasification Char as Filler in Polymers and Comparison with Carbon Black
No full textChar, the solid residue produced during biomass gasification, is usually treated as a waste with high environmental and economic costs associated to its disposal. However, char shows remarkable properties that make it suitable for a plethora of different applications. In particular, this study aims at investigating the feasibility of using char as filler in polymers for boosting polymer thermal stability and electrical conductivity, and comparing its performances with carbon black (CB), a more traditional carbonaceous filler. Char residues were collected from a commercial biomass gasifier, thoroughly characterized, and compared with CB. Both materials were used in combination with a styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS) matrix for the production of two different compounds, deeply characterized as well. An addition of 44 wt% of char increases the thermal stability of the compound and its electrical conductivity up to 2 x 10(-3)S cm(-1), without interfering with its structure and mechanical properties. Less CB (20 wt%) was needed for obtaining composites with the same electrical conductivity. The findings of this study pave the way for new valorization routes for large amounts of char in cutting-edge applications and present the opportunity to the polymer manufacturing to use a high-available and low-cost substitute for carbon-based fillers
Valorization of Biomass Gasification Char as Filler in Polymers and Comparison with Carbon Black
Full text linkKnowledge co-creation for flexible packaging: learning from a case study
Full text linkThe capacity of enterprises to create knowledge throughout the innovation process has been pinpointed as a pivotal source of competitive advantage (Bierly et al., 2009; Grant, 1996). In recent decades, corporations have come to recognize that such knowledge creation cannot be confined exclusively within the organizational realm. In order to increase their pool of knowledge, businesses are progressively involving external stakeholders during the innovation process in the co-creation of knowledge (Hoyer et al., 2010; Mahr et al., 2014). Different studies investigated and illustrated the process by which enterprises integrate a specific category of external stakeholders into their innovation processes (Horn and Brem, 2013). In particular, a current of research is dedicated to investigating the involvement of empowered consumers in such processes (Kazadi et al., 2016). As far as innovation process is concerned, environmental or green innovation has been the main innovation focus of interest for many researchers (e.g. Amores-Salvado et al., 2014). Beyond the environmental aspects, several benefits derive from environmental innovation. For example, it allows to lower external costs (e.g., Beise and Rennings, 2005), allows the improvement of companies’ efficiency, cost reduction, satisfies demand of environmentally friendly consumers, improves financial and business profitability (Amores-Salvado et al., 2014). However, Cainelli et al. (2015) have shown that environmental innovations are characterized by high levels of uncertainty, novelty and variety. Consequently, in such a context knowledge co-creation should have a fundamental role in facing the above mentioned challenges. Based on these premises, the purpose of our study is to improve our understanding of how knowledge is co-created with consumer involvement in the environmental innovation process, and which technological capabilities a lead firm requires to manage this knowledge co-creation process. In addressing these issues, we conducted a comprehensive literature review on the topic of knowledge co-creation, followed by a case study involving an innovative startup operating in the development of flexible packaging
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Additive manufacturing in space food: A bibliometric review
No full textAdditive Manufacturing (AM) is a technique that is gaining momentum in various manufacturing fields. The possibilities that 3D printing as AM technology offers, such as shortening the supply chain, decreasing production time and costs, enabling production in harsh environments, and solving environmental issues, have aroused the interest of the scientific community and companies themselves. One of the possible applications of AM is for food production in spacecrafts or space stations for Space Mission. Bibliometric analysis offers significant opportunities for understanding and advancing the field of additive manufacturing (AM) in the context of space missions. This analysis will provide insights into research trends, technological maturity, and collaborative networks, which are crucial for effective decision-making in this rapidly evolving field. A bibliometric analysis of the literature on the topic will identify4 clusters of investigation and verify the state of the art of this innovation in the food for Aerospace Missions. This analysis of publication trends will help to identify emerging areas of interest and potential gaps in research, guiding future investigations
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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