177,128 research outputs found
Meditazioni filosofico-educative
No full textCinque meditazioni su temi bioetici.
1) Umanizzare la vita: preoccuparsi della vita nell'uomo;
2)La relazione medico paziente: una riflessione filosofico-educativa;
3) L'appropriatezza della cura: la mesotes nella therapeia;
4) Medicalizzazione e umanizzazione: la medicalizzazione tra consumismo ed etica;
Medicina dei bisogni, medicina dei desideri... Ma che ne sappiamo noi dei bisogni dell'uomo
L“Italiana” vista da un francese attraverso i veneziani
No full textLe annotazioni di Stendhal sulle opere di Rossini e sul pubblico veneziano che se ne appassionava risultano essere una fonte antropologica e culturale di grande ricchezza per lo studioso moderno. Le considerazioni drammaturgiche con cui leggiamo oggi "L'italiana in Algeri" (1813) sono in gran parte condizionate da quei presupposti
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Recent advances in electrochemical chitosan-based chemosensors and biosensors: applications in food safety
No full textChitosan is a biopolymer derived from chitin. It is a non-toxic, biocompatible, bioactive, and biodegradable polymer. Due to its properties, chitosan has found applications in several and different fields such as agriculture, food industry, medicine, paper fabrication, textile industry, and water treatment. In addition to these properties, chitosan has a good film-forming ability which allows it to be widely used for the development of sensors and biosensors. This review is focused on the use of chitosan for the formulation of electrochemical chemosensors. It also aims to provide an overview of the advantages of using chitosan as an immobilization platform for biomolecules by highlighting its applications in electrochemical biosensors. Finally, applications of chitosan-based electrochemical chemosensors and biosensors in food safety are illustrated
Oxygenation Impairment during Anesthesia: Influence of Age and Body Weight.
No full textWHAT WE ALREADY KNOW ABOUT THIS TOPIC
During anesthesia oxygenation is impaired, especially in the elderly or obese, but the mechanisms are uncertain.
WHAT THIS ARTICLE TELLS US THAT IS NEW
Pooled data were examined from 80 patients studied with multiple inert gas elimination technique and computed tomography. Oxygenation was impaired by anesthesia, more so with greater age or body mass index. The key contributors were low ventilation/perfusion ratio (likely airway closure) in the elderly and shunt (atelectasis) in the obese.
BACKGROUND
Anesthesia is increasingly common in elderly and overweight patients and prompted the current study to explore mechanisms of age- and weight-dependent worsening of arterial oxygen tension (PaO2).
METHODS
This is a primary analysis of pooled data in patients with (1) American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification of 1; (2) normal forced vital capacity; (3) preoxygenation with an inspired oxygen fraction (FIO2) more than 0.8 and ventilated with FIO2 0.3 to 0.4; (4) measurements done during anesthesia before surgery. Eighty patients (21 women and 59 men, aged 19 to 69 yr, body mass index up to 30 kg/m) were studied with multiple inert gas elimination technique to assess shunt and perfusion of poorly ventilated regions (low ventilation/perfusion ratio [VA/Q]) and computed tomography to assess atelectasis.
RESULTS
PaO2/FIO2 was lower during anesthesia than awake (368; 291 to 470 [median; quartiles] vs. 441; 397 to 462 mm Hg; P = 0.003) and fell with increasing age and body mass index. Log shunt was best related to a quadratic function of age with largest shunt at 45 yr (r =0.17, P = 0.001). Log shunt was linearly related to body mass index (r = 0.15, P < 0.001). A multiple regression analysis including age, age, and body mass index strengthened the association further (r = 0.27). Shunt was highly associated to atelectasis (r = 0.58, P < 0.001). Log low VA/Q showed a linear relation to age (r = 0.14, P = 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
PaO2/FIO2 ratio was impaired during anesthesia, and the impairment increased with age and body mass index. Shunt was related to atelectasis and was a more important cause of oxygenation impairment in middle-aged patients, whereas low VA/Q, likely caused by airway closure, was more important in elderly patients. Shunt but not low VA/Q increased with increasing body mass index. Thus, increasing age and body mass index impaired gas exchange by different mechanisms during anesthesia
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Letter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer, Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, October 2, 1942
No full textLetter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer at The Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, regarding property owned by Dave Tatsuno. Zellick mentions a dispute between current tenants and Tatsuno, and that Tatsuno has asked Goodman to help locate trustworthy tenants.Personal correspondence, organizational records, government documents, publications, and other papers created or collected by Joseph R. Goodman documenting the forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans during World War II, as well as organized resistance to incarceration. Included in the collection are records of the Japanese Young Men's Christian Association and the Japanese American Citizens' League in San Francisco, including papers of the Japanese YMCA's executive secretary Lincoln Kanai; Sakai family papers; Goodman's correspondence to and from Japanese American incarcerees, organizations opposing forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans, the War Relocation Authority, and others; publications, photographs, and ephemera from the Topaz Relocation Center, where Goodman taught high school; War Relocation Authority records and publications; and newspaper clippings, pamphlets, and reports about forced removal and incarceration created by various government, religious, and civic organizations, in California and nationwide
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Liftings for noncomplete probability spaces
No full textThe current state of knowledge concerning liftings for noncomplete probability spaces is discussed. This is a somewhat expanded version of the author's talk given at the 1991 Summer Conference on General Topology and Applications in Honor of Mary Ellen Rudin and Her Work.PT: S; CR: BURKE MR, IN PRESS P AM MATH S BURKE MR, 1991, ISRAEL J MATH, V73, P33 BURKE MR, 1992, ISRAEL J MATH, V79, P289 CARLSON T, THEOREM LIFTING CHRISTENSEN JPR, 1974, TOPOLOGY BOREL STRUC FREMLIN DH, 1989, HDB BOOLEAN ALGEBRAS, P877 INOESCUTULCEA A, 1966, 5TH P BERK S MATH ST, V2 IONESCUTULCEA A, 1967, CONTRIBUTIONS PROB 1, P63 IONESCUTULCEA A, 1969, TOPICS THEORY LIFTIN JECH TJ, 1978, SET THEORY JOHNSON RA, 1980, P AM MATH SOC, V80, P234 JUST W, IN PRESS T AM MATH S KUPKA J, 1983, INDIANA U MATH J, V32, P717 LOSERT V, 1983, LNM, V1080, P95 MAHARAM D, 1958, P AM MATH SOC, V9, P987 SHELAH S, 1983, ISRAEL J MATH, V45, P90 TALAGRAND M, 1982, P AM MATH SOC, V84, P379 VONNEUMANN J, 1931, CRELLES J MATH, V165, P109; NR: 18; TC: 0; J9: ANN N Y ACAD SCI; PG: 4; GA: BZ86BSource type: Electronic(1
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