281 research outputs found
Translation and validation study of the Persian version of the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales 2 (AIMS2) in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee
No full textBackground: The Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales 2 (AIMS2) has not been translated and validated for Persian-speaking patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. This was to provide a validated instrument to measure functional disability and health-related quality of life in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee in Iran. The aim of this study was to culturally adapt and validate the AIMS2 for Persian-speaking patients with osteoarthritis of the knee in Iran. Methods: A consecutive sample of patients with knee osteoarthritis were asked to complete the AIMS2, the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and four visual analog scales for pain, joint stiffness, patient's and physician's global assessment. Internal consistency and convergent validity were applied to examine psychometric properties of the AIMS2. In addition, 30 randomly selected patients were asked to complete the questionnaire two days later for the second time for test-retest reliability. Finally factor structure of the Persian AIMS2 was performed using the principal component factor analysis. Results: In all 230 patients were entered into the study. The mean (SD) age of the participants was 56.9 (8.7) years and the mean (SD) duration of disease was 7.2 (3.5) years. Cronbach's alpha coefficient and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for the Persian AIMS2 scales ranged from 0.74 to 0.92 and 0.85 to 0.96, respectively. The correlation between most of the Persian AIMS2 scales and the physical and mental summary scores of the SF-36 and the visual analogue scales for pain, joint stiffness, patient's and physician's global assessment were statistically significant indicating a good convergent validity (p < 0.05). The results obtained from factor analysis indicated three latent factors that jointly accounted for 67.5% of the total variance. Conclusion: The results showed that the Persian AIMS2 had reasonably good internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and convergent validity in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. It is simple and easy to use and now can be applied in the future studies in Iran. However, its sensitivity to change needs still to be studied.We wish to express our gratitude to physicians who co-operated in the selection of the patients and patients who gave their time to complete the questionnaires. This research was supported by Sport Medicine Research Center (SMRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences; grant No 85-01-53-3579
Morphological Evaluation of mulberry genotypes across different agro-ecological conditions in Uganda
No full textClet Wandui Masiga, Joseph Esimu, Brian Ssemugenze,Janet NagashaEmma Walimbwa, Daniel Mushikoma, Godfrey Kasiime, Demas Lukoye Kutosi, Didas Mugisha, Nipher Twikirize, Solomon Malenje, Eliakim Mwijuka, Prima Akatwijuka, Michael Kiboma, Colophina Kateme, Stephen Okoth,John Ndabagye,Ismail Baruhagara, Geoffrey Sempiri,Mugume Naboth Ngambe,Sayed Mohammad Ali Mousavi,Everlyn Nguku,Emmanuel Omene, Elioda Tumwesigye,Samuel Wangodaand Elioda Tumwesigy
A novel approach to determine the effect of irrigation on temperature and failure of Ni-Ti endodontic rotary files
No full textBackground: Nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) rotary instrument files are important devices in Endodontics in root canal preparation. Ni-Ti file breakage is a critical and problematic issue and irrigation techniques were applied to decrease risk of file failure root. The aim of the present study was to compare the temperature gradient change of different irrigation solutions with Ni-Ti rotary instrument system during root canal preparation and also to define their effects on the file failure.
Materials and Methods: A novel computerized instrumentation was utilized and thirty standard (ProFile #25/.04) files were divided into three groups and subjected to a filing in the root canal test. Changes in temperature on teeth under constant instrumental conditions with custom-designed computerized experimental apparatus were measured by using a temperature sensor bonded to the apical hole. A rotary instrument for canal preparation in three series of solution was used and the changes in temperature after each solution were compared. Finally, the file failure results were mentored according to each step of test. Comparisons were performed between group status clinically by using ANOVA (t) test, once the sample showed up normal and differences of P<0.01 were considered significant. All data collected were computerized and analyzed for frequency, distribution, and statistical description.
Results: There was a decrease in the temperature of the instruments, which were immersed in 5% NaOCl, when compared with the water group (P<0.01). There was also a decrease in the temperature of the instruments immersed in water, when compared with the no solution group (P<0.01). Test results showed that sodium hypochlorite, water, or air of root canals does alter the properties of gradual temperature change and contributes to the failure of the instruments.
Conclusion: By immersing the file in 5% NaOCl, the temperature gradient decreased and instrument failure was reduced
Comparison between efficacy of imipramine and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in the prophylaxis of chronic tension-type headache: A randomized controlled clinical trial
No full textBackground: Chronic tension-type headache (CTTH) is recognized as the most common type of headache and can be further defined as either episodic or chronic. Regarding the chronic nature of CTTH and intolerance or side effects of drugs that are used for treatment, other methods of treatment such as Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) has been used as a convenient and available method for treatment and prevention of CTTH. In the current study, we evaluated the efficacy of the imipramine versus TENS in the prevention of the CTTH as a prospective clinical trial.
Methods: In this study, 138 patients with confirmed CTTH were randomized to be treated either with imipramine or TENS method. Sixty nine patients were treated with TENS and 69 cases were regarded as controls and were treated with imipramine. In the Imipramine group, treatment was performed by imipramine tablet, 25mg, twice daily. In the TENS group, patients were treated thrice weekly for ten weeks, each lasting 15 minutes in temporal and occipital regions.
Results: Three months after treatment, both the TENS and imipramine significantly reduced the severity of tension headache (p < 0.05). However, imipramine was significantly more effective than TENS in reduction of the headache severity (p < 0.05).
Conclusions: It appears that TENS method may be a good alternative method for patients suffering from CTTH. To better evaluate the efficacy of this method in the prevention and treatment of CTTH, more studies are recommended
Modeling emergency departments using discrete event simulation techniques
No full textThis paper discusses the application of Discrete Event Simulation (DES) for modeling the operations of an Emer-gency Department (ED). The model was developed to help the ED managers understand the behavior of the system with regards to the hidden causes of excessive waiting times. It served as a tool for assessing the impact of major departmental resources on Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), and was also used as a cost effective method for testing various what-if scenarios for possible system im-provement. The study greatly enhanced managers’ under-standing of the system and how patient flow is influenced by process changes and resource availability. The results of this work also helped managers to either reverse or modify some proposed changes to the system that were previously being considered. The results also show a possible reduc-tion of more than 20% in patients waiting times
سنتزپژوهی چالشهای ارتباطات سلامت در شرایط پاندمی کووید 19
No full textBackground and Aim: Health communication is an interdisciplinary field that connects two separate fields of media and health. The relationship between these two fields is two-way, and the media, in a general sense, with their dual nature and contradictory functions, can cause awareness, increase knowledge, and give hope in pandemics, or on the other hand, cause the spread of false information, panic, fear, and anxiety. Based on this, the aim of this article is to identify the challenges of health communication in pandemic conditions and especially the corona virus crisis.
Methods: In order to achieve this aim, a research synthesis of foreign and domestic research conducted in the period of 2020 to 2023 regarding the Corona pandemic has been done. The sample size was determined based on theoretical sampling, 19 articles (8 foreign articles and 11 Iranian articles) and according to information saturation. To analyze the data according to the main problem of the research, the thematic coding method was used, which was analyzed in three stages: "open coding", "axial coding" and "selective coding".
Results: The research results from the research synthesis of the conducted research indicate the identification of 4 main challenges "Infodemic, low coefficient of social capital, malfunctioning of social networks and politicization of health" in the field of health communication in Iran.
Conclusion: Considering the existing challenges and the synthesis of foreign research, it can be suggested that, on the one hand, "transparency and immediacy of information" and on the other hand, "people's empathy and trust" should be included in the health communication system and the Corona pandemic. It is worth noting that these categories were extracted based on the successful experience of other countries, the main elements of success in health communication and crisis communication during the corona pandemic and will be applicable in the conditions of possible future pandemics.
Please cite this article as:
Mousavi SH, Jafari A, Basirian Jahromi H. Research synthesis of Health Communication Challenges in the Time of COVID-19 Pandemic. Irtiqa Imini Pishgiri Masdumiyat. 2023;11(2):103-115. https://doi.org/10.22037/iipm.v11i2.42751سابقه و هدف: ارتباطات سلامت یک حوزه میان رشتهای است که پیوند دهنده دو حوزه مجزای رسانه و سلامت به شمار میآید. ارتباط این دو حوزه دو سویه است و رسانهها به معنای عام با ماهیت و کارکردی دوگانه متضاد و متناقض میتوانند باعث آگاهی بخشی، معرفت افزایی و امید بخشی در پاندمیها یا از سوی دیگر باعث گسترش اطلاعات نادرست، وحشت، ترس و اضطراب شوند. بر این اساس، هدف این مقاله شناسایی چالشهای ارتباطات سلامت در شرایط پاندمی و به طور اخص بحران ویروس کرونا است.
روش کار: جهت دست یافتن به این مهم، سنتزپژوهی تحقیقات خارجی و داخلی انجام شده در بازة زمانی 2020 تا 2023 میلادی و 1399 تا 1401 شمسی در خصوص پاندمی کرونا انجام گرفته شده است. حجم نمونه براساس نمونهگیری نظری، 19 مقاله (8 مقاله خارجی و 11 مقاله داخلی) و با توجه به اشباع اطلاعات تعیین شد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها با توجه به مسأله اصلی پژوهش از روش کدگذاری موضوعی استفاده شده که طی سه مرحلة «کدگذاری باز»، «کدگذاری محوری» و «کدگذاری انتخابی» تحلیل شده است.
یافتهها: نتایج تحقیق حاصل از سنتزپژوهی تحقیقات انجام گرفته حاکی از شناسایی 4 چالش اصلیِ «اینفودمی، ضریب پایین سرمایه اجتماعی، کژکارکرد شبکههای اجتماعی و سیاسی- امنیتی شدن سلامت» در حوزه ارتباطات سلامت در ایران است.
نتیجهگیری: با توجه به چالشهای موجود و سنتزپژوهی حاصل از تحقیقات خارجی میتوان پیشنهاد داد که از یک سو «شفافیت و آنی بودن اطلاعات» و از سوی دیگر «همدلی و اعتماد مردم» در منظومه ارتباطات سلامت و پاندمی کرونا لحاظ گردد. شایان توجه است که این مقولات بر اساس تجربه موفق کشورهای دیگر ارکان اصلی موفقیت در ارتباطات سلامت و ارتباطات بحران در زمان پاندمی کرونا استخراج شده و قابل اجرا در شرایط پاندمیهای احتمالی آتی خواهد بود.
به این مقاله، به صورت زیر استناد کنید:
Mousavi SH, Jafari A, Basirian Jahromi H. Research synthesis of Health Communication Challenges in the Time of COVID-19 Pandemic. Irtiqa Imini Pishgiri Masdumiyat. 2023;11(2):103-115. https://doi.org/10.22037/iipm.v11i2.42751
An author co-citation analysis of 37 years of iMetrics
No full text
Purpose
This research aims to examine the intellectual structure of iMetrics through author co-citation analysis.
Design/methodology/approach
This research uses common techniques in bibliometrics and social network analysis. It analyses 5,944 records from the Web of Science in the field of iMetrics that are published between 1978 and 2014.
Findings
Findings indicated that researchers including “Garfield”, “Egghe”, “Glanzel”, “Leydesdorff” and “Price” have received many co-citations. The author co-citation analysis in iMetrics resulted in eight thematic clusters, including “theoretical foundations and citation analysis”, “sociology of science”, “science mapping and visualization”, “network analysis”, “classic laws of bibliometrics”, “webometrics”, “technometrics” and “miscellaneous”. “Theoretical foundations and citation analysis” is the biggest cluster which comprises 59 authors. The results suggest the crucial role of price medallists in shaping the intellectual structure of knowledge in iMetrics.
Originality/value
Extracting the patterns embedded in the knowledge structure of iMetrics studies provides beneficial information for both researchers and policymakers. This research study is valuable that used an appropriate set of records regarding both recall and precision. Furthermore, this study helps us better understand the characteristics of iMetrics, its subject areas, and the prominent authors in those areas.
</jats:sec
Iran: Arbitrary arrest/prisoner of conscience/ fear of torture and ill-treatment: Sayed Ali Akbar Mousavi-Kho'ini (m)
No full textA document from Amnesty Internationals Urgent Action Networ
Simulation of Two Stands Cold Rolling Mill Process Using Neural Networks and Genetic Algorithms in Combination to Avoid the Chatter Phenomenon
No full textRolling mill Industry is one of the most profitable industries in the world. Chatter phenomenon is one of the key issues in this industry. Chatter or rolling unwanted vibrations not only has an adverse effect on product quality, but also reduces considerably the efficiency with reduced rolling velocities of rolling lines.This paper is an attempt to simulate the phenomenon of Chatter more accurate than the previous performed simulations. In order to increase the production speed, it needs to avoid parameters which effect on the Chatter and varieties with the rolling lines condition. Actual values of these parameters were determined in the archives of the Mobarakeh two stand cold rolling mills and collected on the 210 case study of real chattering. To simulate the experiment, a neural network is trained and weights and bias values of the neural network with genetic optimization algorithm were used to get an optimal neural network which reduces bugs on the test data. So this model is capable to predict speed of Chatter threshold on rolling process of two stand cold rolling mill with the accuracy less than one percent. So it can be used in rolling process with the building intelligent recognition systems to prevent the creator conditions of the chatter frequency range
- …
