352 research outputs found
On the History of the Name Ruslan
No full textВ публикации постулируется тезис о существовании общего пласта российского антропонимикона, формирующегося в результате взаимодействия национальных именников. Основная часть сообщения посвящена истории прецедентного в российском антропонимиконе имени Руслан. Прослеживается генетическая связь антропонима с широко распространенным в тюркских языках именем Арслан, имеющим доономастическое значение ‘лев’, выявляются варианты имени в архивных документах, исторических источниках XV–XVII вв., русском сказочном фольклоре. Оценивается роль поэмы А. С. Пушкина «Руслан и Людмила» в формировании ассоциативного фона исследуемого антропонима. Особое внимание уделено производным от имени патрониму и фамилии, а также образованному от него женскому имени Руслана. Прослеживается динамика именования, определяется период его наибольшей популярности в советское и постсоветское время. Отмечается, что имя приобретает определенную семантическую ауру и популярность особенно на Кавказе; оно становится своеобразным маркером российской идентичности, что способствует объединению российского социума и формированию единого антропонимического пространства. Этот вывод подтверждается данными социологического опроса, в котором участвовало около 40 респондентов — представителей разных народов Кавказа. Участники опроса отмечают положительные коннотации имени, ощущают его связь и с исходным тюркским антропонимом Арслан, и с именем пушкинского героя. Ряд респондентов воспринимает имя как «немусульманское», многие авторы анкет оценивают его как русское и подчеркивают, что именно так оно воспринимается за границами России. Культурная история имени Руслан, его трансонимизация представляются перспективными для научного исследования, особенно в условиях новых возможностей интернет-коммуникации и формирования новых ономастических дискурсов.The authors postulate that there exists a common stock of Russian personal names resulting from a partial blending of national anthroponymicons. The main part of the paper focuses on the history of the personal name Ruslan which has etymological ties with the widespread Turkic name Arslan having the pre-onomastic meaning ‘lion’. The authors study the variation of the name in Russian folklore and in the 15th–17th centuries documents and historical sources. They also pay particular attention to the role of Pushkin’s poem Ruslan and Ludmila in the formation of the associative background of the studied name and to various onomastic derivatives, the latter include patronyms, surnames and the female name Ruslana. The author conclude that the name Ruslan became especially popular in Soviet and post-Soviet periods when it acquired a specific “semantic aura”, namely, in Caucasus where Ruslan became a kind of mark of Russian identity and, thus, contributed to the unification of the anthroponymic space. This conclusion was verified in the course of a survey done among 40 respondents representing different peoples of Caucasus. For most respondents the name has positive connotations and is associated with the Turkic name Arslan and the name of Pushkin’s character. However, some respondents consider it as a “non-Muslim”, Russian name and point out that it is often perceived as such outside Russia. The history of the name Ruslan and the ways of its transonymisation can be an interesting object for further research, especially due to the emergence of new communication technologies and onomastic discourses
Protected quantum bits and Josephson junction arrays
No full textIn this thesis we consider a Josephson junction device whose symmetry is described by the point group Td. It can be visualized as a tetrahedron that contains two Josephson junctions on each edge. We find the conditions under which the ground state of the system is degenerate or almost degenerate. In this case, the low-energy degrees of freedom can be mapped to the Hilbert space of a quantum spin 1/2. We evaluate effects of different physical perturbations on the degenerate ground state and find that they are small for most perturbations. We argue that this system can be considered as a very promising candidate for a protected quantum bit with built-in error correction. We propose and discuss an experimental method that allows to test validity of some of the theoretical results obtained for the tetrahedral Josephson junction array and other similar symmetric circuits. We have chosen a simpler pyramidal array to demonstrate the main ideas of our method. Even though the noise resistance and theoretical decoherence time of the pyramidal array are worse than those of the more complex tetrahedral systems, it is much easier to realize the pyramid experimentally. The proposed design can be used with any symmetric Josephson junction circuit. We explore a natural generalization of the tetrahedral quantum bit and consider devices whose symmetry can be described by one of the higher-order permutation groups Sn. We study the level structure and the associated built-in protection of some conceptually simple circuits and show that these circuits have many interesting properties. In particular, their ground state can be highly degenerate and stable with respect to perturbations violating the symmetry. Unfortunately, these highly symmetric systems consist of a large number of identical Josephson junctions. This makes them too complicated for experimental realization.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical referencesIncludes vitaby Ruslan Usmano
Author gender identification for Urdu articles
No full textThis is an accepted manuscript of an article published by Springer in Lecture Notes in Computer Science on 21/09/2022. The accepted version of the publication may differ from the final published versionIn recent years, author gender identification has gained considerable attention in the fields of computational linguistics and artificial intelligence. This task has been extensively investigated for resource-rich languages such as English and Spanish. However, researchers have not paid enough attention to perform this task for Urdu articles. Firstly, I created a new Urdu corpus to perform the author gender identification task. I then extracted two types of features from each article including the most frequent 600 multi-word expressions and the most frequent 300 words. After I completed the corpus creation and features
extraction processes, I performed the features concatenation process. As a result each article was represented in a 900D feature space. Finally, I applied 10 different well-known classifiers to these features to perform the author gender identification task and compared their performances against state-of-the-art pre-trained multilingual language models, such as mBERT, DistilBERT, XLM-RoBERTa and multilingual DeBERTa, as well as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). I conducted extensive experimental studies which show that (i) using the most frequent 600 multi-word expressions as features and concatenating them with the most frequent 300 words as features improves the accuracy of the author gender identification task, and (ii) support vector machines outperforms other classifiers, as well as fine-tuned pre-trained language models and CNN. The code base and the corpus can be found at: https://github.com/raheem23/Gender_Identification_Urdu
"#KonotopIsTheLandOfTheLegends" by Ruslan Horovy: the strategies of comic creatin
No full textThe article is devoted to poetical features and narrative strategies of the cycle “#KonotopIsTheLandOfTheLegends” by Ruslan Horovy. Their choice is due to the peculiarities of the recipient’s perceiving of the texts in Facebook and the author’s notion about the reader of his writings. The author achieves the comic effect by combining a number of techniques: the standard narrative schema, the conciseness and the savings of language means, the unexpected end, the predominantly smart and sympathetic main character, the reader’s doubts about the reliability of the narrator, intertextuality, and the mockery.Статтю присвячено поетикальним рисам і наративним стратегіям циклу “#КонотопЗемляЛегенд” Руслана Горового, вибір яких зумовлений особливостями сприймання реципієнтом текстів у Facebook та уявленням автора про читача його дописів. Комічного ефекту автор досягає за допомогою комбінування низки прийомів: стандартна схема наративу, лаконічність і економія мовних засобів, неочікувана розв’язка, переважно кмітливий і симпатичний головний персонаж, сумніви читача в надійності наратора, інтертекстуальність, стьоб тощо
Mecanismul de recunoaștere și contabilizare a diferențelor de sumă
No full textGRAUR, Anatol, HAREA, Ruslan. Mecanismul de recunoaștere și contabilizare a diferențelor de sumă. In: International scientific conference on accounting, ISCA 2021 [online]: Culegere de articole științifice, 10 Edition, April 1-2, 2021. Chişinău: ASEM, 2021, pp. 208-215. ISBN 978-9975-155-25-0.This article describes how to recognize and account for differences in amount. The author presents the way of recalculation of receivables and liabilities expressed in foreign currency or conventional units at various official exchange rates of the MDL or exchange rates established in the contracts concluded between the residents of the Republic of Moldova. The tax treatment of the amount differences is presented as a price adjustment, the manner of issuing the tax invoice. Based on some examples, it is analyzed how these differences are reflected in the accounting accounts in different practical situations. JEL:M46
Unemployment and labor market dynamics in Russia
No full textThe past 15 months have seen the beginning of structural change in Russia but a failure of the economy to stabilize. The balance sheet, conclude the authors suggests that a return to centralized control remain almost impossible, but the dencentralization that has occurred contain many undesirable features. In framing their analysis, the authors draw on aggregate data and firm-level data from the first-round results of a 1992 survey covering 41 firms in the Moscow region. The survey results suggest that the greater autonomy of firms has facilitated the exploitation of market power while failing to dampen the demand for easy credit from the budget or banking system. For the most part, demand has been satisfied, enabling firms to meet current wage claims and, to a lesser degree, sustain output levels. Buoyant nominal profits can be traced either to pricing behavior derived from market power or to transfers or subsidies channeled through the fiscal monetary system. This in turn has artificially sustained the revenue side of the government accounts. Official employment was no more than 1 percent of the labor force by the end of 1992, but evidence on the importance of marginal unemployment indicates that the underlying pass-through into open unemployment will be great. By the third quarter of 1992, this"augmented"unemployment rate approached 4 percent of the labor force. Even so, the authors observe non-trivial outflows from unemployment to jobs and in some regions to jobs in the private or collective sector. In Russia, outflows to state sector jobs dominate. Survey evidence shows considerable turnover in the state sector and resilient hiring. Much of the churning in labor markets seems to be through voluntary separations and job transitions. Net changes to employment have been limited, and have involved mostly ancillary or clerical staff. The authors discern a core or membership rule dominating Russian firms'decisions which it would be dangerous to assume will be maintained. They interpret it as a holding strategy in a complex game the firms have been playing with government. Lack of a credible reform program has weakened any impulse toward large-scale restructuring of firms. Wages have been more volatile and have regional dispersion, but the authors predict no large consistent shift in relative wages. Rather the wage path has probably been governed by current streams and additional transfers, and then set consistent with the stable employment rule. The path of wages over 1992 is clearly associated with changes in Russia's monetary and fiscal stance and allied institutional features.Environmental Economics&Policies,Economic Theory&Research,Banks&Banking Reform,Markets and Market Access,Access to Markets
On the analysis of the tin-inside-H3S Mössbauer experiment
No full textA simple analysis is presented of the particular experiment used to prove the bulk nature of very-high-Tc superconductivity in H3S compound under ultra-high pressure. In the experiment, an internal magnetic field was sensed by the synchrotron Mössbauer spectroscopy in tin placed inside the H3S sample. The experiment showed peculiar anisotropy with respect to the direction of the applied field at first sight. By considering actual experimental geometries and parameters of the experiment, we show that this particular observation is consistent with the expectations for a regular type-II superconductor with Meissner expulsion and pinning.This is a manuscript of an article published as Prozorov, Ruslan, and Sergey L. Bud’ko. "On the analysis of the tin-inside-H3S Mössbauer experiment." Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism 35, no. 10 (2022): 2615-2619.
DOI: 10.1007/s10948-022-06371-w.
Copyright 2022 The Author(s).
Posted with permission.
DOE Contract Number(s): AC02-07CH11358
Wage and employment decisions in the Russian economy : an analysis of developments in 1992
No full textThe authors analyze changes in the Russian labor market in 1992. They focus on the path of wages and employment in a context of partial price liberalization and considerable ambiguity about government and central bank policy. Under the former Soviet economy, the firm was the bedrock of the centrally planned system. The relaxation of centralized controls did not result in substantial employment losses partly because of the implicit moral economy of the system and partly because of continuing constraints on wages. In 1992, the wage structure and employment levels in the economy's state sector exhibited surprising stability, reflecting the system's immense inertia. Despite announced regime changes, at the end of 1992 the number of jobseekers was no more than 1.5 percent of the labor force. But significant changes have been made: wage and employment decisions have been widely liberalized; some restraints on labor mobility have been removed; changes have also been made in ownership title; and there has been some expansion in the private sector, as yet largely concentrated in services. These substantive changes are important for future expectations about entitlements to jobs and incomes, but the changes remain restricted and the sources of these restrictions imply significant economic costs. The underpinning of the current stagflation is the inability to break the soft budget constraint on state firms and to impose realistically a systematic, transparent set of constraints on the firms'financing demands. This has combined with the firms'continuing ability to exercise market power alongside weak controls on wage claims. Employment transitions have been dominated by high levels of quits at the base of the skill structure. Involuntary separations have been limited, involving mostly women and white collar workers. Firms commonly provide de facto unemployment compensation to workers in the form of minimum wage payments with little or no work requirement. There is evidence of some increase in the proportion of laid-off workers among the unemployed, but firms seem to prefer hoarding labor in light of uncertainty about policy, firm, or product-specific market prospects. Wages have been more volatile. Wages initially bore almost all of the adjustment costs, but have shown mild recovery thereafter. Lax monetary policy and decentralized insider power, giving rise to relative employment stability and real wage rigidity, are powerful ingredients for hyperinflation.Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Banks&Banking Reform,Municipal Financial Management
Православна мiсiя в Японii на рубежi XIX - XX ст.
No full textThe work of the Orthodox Mission in Japan at the turn of the XIX - XX centuries forever changed map of religions in the Land of the Rising Sun. The National Japanese Orthodox Church was established and all the clergy were elected from among the Japanese themselves. The founder of the mission and its long-standing leader was the Archbishop Nikolai (Kasatkin). The article provides an overview of the main principles the mission was found upon and its activities.Праця православної місії в Японії на рубежі XIX - XX століть навічно змінила карту релігій на Землі Східного Сонця. Була створена Національна Японська Православна Церква, і всі духовенства були обрані з числа самих японців. Засновником місії та її давнім лідером був архієпископ Микола (Касаткін). У статті подано огляд основних принципів, якими характеризувалася місія та її діяльність
ПРОБЛЕМИ І ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ РОЗВИТКУ ДУАЛЬНОЇ ОСВІТИ ДЛЯ ПОВОЄННОГО ВІДНОВЛЕННЯ УКРАЇНИ
No full textThe relevance of the article is determined by the need to identify the most effective mechanisms for using the experience of introducing the dual form of education to improve the professional training of future specialists and accelerate the post-war recovery of Ukraine.
The aim is to summarize the experience of the dual form of education in Ukraine, to identify the reasons for its inhibition and promising directions of its development for the post-war recovery of Ukraine.
Methods: study of scientific sources, legislative, regulatory and legal documents, empirical data to determine the state of functioning of the dual form of education in Ukraine; theoretical analysis and synthesis, generalization of scientific views on the problem under study in order to identify the causes of inhibition and promising directions for the development of dual education for the post-war recovery of Ukraine.
Results: the experience of pilot projects for the introduction of dual education in educational institutions of different levels is analyzed; scientific publications of domestic researchers are summarized; the reasons for inhibition and promising directions for the development of dual education are identified; the importance of dual education and its compliance with the main goals of the Strategy for Sustainable Development of Society and Post-War Reconstruction of Ukraine are substantiated; dual education is characterized as an element of a new worldview paradigm that is being formed under martial law.
Conclusions: the main reasons that hindered its development and reduced the effectiveness of dual education (quarantine restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic; military operations; increased migration flows caused by the war; reduction in the number of students, workload for teachers and, accordingly, reduction in staff at the departments; destruction, relocation, closure of many enterprises participating in the training of specialists in the dual form of education; low level of awareness of the benefits of dual education among students, teachers and employers; promising areas of its development are outlined (strengthening career guidance and information campaigns on dual education opportunities; reducing the level of bureaucratization of the educational process in educational institutions; providing state support for those educational institutions that will implement full-fledged dual education to retain teaching staff and encourage them to update and modernize educational programs to meet the needs of dual education; improving the training of heads of educational institutions for the development of public-private partnerships, and future teachers - for pedagogical activities in the context of dual education); the dual form of education is presented as an element of a new worldview paradigm, which in times of military aggression continues to transform in three main vectors (the development vector, which focuses domestic scientists and teachers on studying the European experience of implementing dual education; the security vector, which directs the national education and science system to implement this experience to protect Ukraine\u27s national interests; the responsibility vector, which demonstrates the commitment of the post-war educational paradigm to strengthening employers\u27 responsibility for the quality of training and strengthening their influence on the content of educational programs).Актуальність статті визначається необхідністю виявлення найбільш ефективних механізмів використання досвіду упровадження дуальної форми здобуття освіти для вдосконалення професійної підготовки майбутніх фахівців і прискорення повоєнного відновлення України.
Мета: узагальнити досвід реалізації в Україні дуальної форми здобуття освіти, виявити причини гальмування та перспективні напрями її розвитку для повоєнного відновлення України.
Методи: вивчення наукових джерел, законодавчих, нормативно-правових документів, емпіричних даних – для з’ясування стану функціонування в Україні дуальної форми здобуття освіти; теоретичний аналіз і синтез, узагальнення наукових поглядів на досліджувану проблему з метою виявлення причин гальмування та перспективних напрямів розвитку дуальної освіти для повоєнного відновлення України.
Результати: проаналізовано досвід пілотних проєктів запровадження дуальної освіти в закладах освіти різних рівнів; узагальнено наукові публікації вітчизняних дослідників; виявлено причини гальмування та перспективні напрями розвитку дуальної освіти; обґрунтовано важливість дуальної освіти та її відповідність основним цілям Стратегії сталого розвитку суспільства та повоєнного відновлення України; охарактеризовано дуальну освіту як елемент нової світоглядної парадигми, що формується в умовах воєнного стану.
Висновки: виявлено основні причини, що гальмували її розвиток і знижували ефективність дуальної освіти (карантинні обмеження; воєнні дії; зумовлені війною міграційні потоки; зниження контингенту студентів; скорочення педагогів; руйнація, закриття чи релокація багатьох підприємств – стейкхолдерів дуальної форми здобуття освіти; низький рівень обізнаності студентів, педагогів і роботодавців щодо переваг дуальної форми здобуття освіти); окреслено перспективні напрями її розвитку (удосконалення профорієнтації, посилення інформаційної кампанії щодо навчання за дуальною формою здобуття освіти; спрощення процедури впровадження елементів дуальної освіти; посилення державної підтримки закладів освіти для впровадження повноцінної дуальної освіти; підготовка й заохочення педагогічних кадрів до оновлення й модернізації освітніх програм з урахуванням потреб дуальної освіти; удосконалення підготовки майбутніх педагогів до педагогічної діяльності в умовах дуальної освіти, розвиток готовності керівників закладів освіти до розвитку державно-приватного партнерства, а); дуальну форму освіти представлено як елемент нової світоглядної парадигми, що в час воєнної агресії продовжує трансформуватися у трьох основних векторах (вектор розвитку, що орієнтує вітчизняних науковців і педагогів на вивчення європейського досвіду впровадження дуальної освіти; вектор безпеки, що спрямовує вітчизняну систему освіти і науки на імплементацію цього досвіду для захисту національних інтересів України; вектор відповідальності, що засвідчує прихильність повоєнної освітньої парадигми до посилення відповідальності роботодавців за якість підготовки фахівців, зміцнення їх упливу на зміст освітніх програм)
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