41 research outputs found
States of emergency and martial rule
No full textHacıİbrahimoğlu, Nurhan (Dogus Author)Türkiye Cumhuriyeti 'nin yabancı olmadığı ve belli bir bölgesinin uzun süre boyunca maruz kaldığı olağanüstü yönetim usulleri idarenin kullandığı yetkilerin genişlemesine sebebiyet vermesi açısından oldukça önemlidir. Olağanüstü yönetim usulleri, temel hak ve özgürlüklere müdahale eden, kullanım alanını kısıtlayan usullerdir. Bu usullerin geçiciliği ve olağan dışılığı, yönetimlerin hukuktan ayrılmaları için bir mazeret teşkil etmez. Çünkü olağanüstü yönetim usulleri de hukuki usullerdir.Turkish Republic is familiar with the state of emergency procedures since a particular region of Turkey was exposed to it for a considerable period of time, and it is also important in terms of extended power that administrative authorities exercise. State of emergency procedures interfere with the fundamental rights and freedoms and restrict these freedoms' scope of enjoyment. Provisional and extraordinary nature of these procedures can not be accepted as an excuse to be exempted from the rule of law,· because the states of emergency are also required to be in line with certain rules
Which Is the Ideal Marker for Early Atherosclerosis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) – Carotid Intima-Media Thickness or Mean Platelet Volume?
No full textThe effects of bronchodilator drugs and antibiotics used for respiratory infection on human erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase I and II isozymes
No full textCarbonic anhydrase (CA) is an enzyme which plays role/roles in various homeostatic mechanisms, such as the acid-base balance and electrolyte secretion in various tissues. This study aimed to determine and to compare possible alterations in activity of this enzyme caused by use of bronchodilator drugs and respiratory infection antibiotics. CA I and II were purified from human erythrocytes by a simple one step procedure using Sepharose 4B-L-tyrosine-sulfonamide affinity column. The iso-enzymes were purified 259.16-fold with a yield of 31.74%. CAI and II isozymes were treated with several drugs, then the inhibition or activation of the enzymes were determined. The results of this study show that itrapropium bromide is the most effective inhibitor for human erythrocytes carbonic anhydrase compared with the other bronchodilator drugs
Paraoxonase Activity and Phenotype Distribution in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
No full text
University Students' Meal Experience At The Dining Hall
No full textProgress In NutritionObjective: The objectives of the study were If BMI is a statistically significant predictor of detailed nutrition facts on menu labels, and to compare and describe the level of satisfaction of the university students' meal experience on meals, preparation, value, service and ambience both in 2016 and 2017. Material and Method: The study was carried out in a fully operational dining hall where students book, dine and pay for meals at a foundation University in Konya, Turkey. Both in 2016 and 2017 the level of satisfaction of the University students' meal experience was measured. In 2017, both BMI and nutrition facts measurements were included and the author and 4 other people from the same university was in charge of monthly audit on hygiene, sanitation and nutrition labelling in the dining hall between the application of questionnaires. A self-report questionnaire was developed. The questionnaire consists of two main sections; level of satisfaction on meal experience, calorie and macronutrient level information on restaurant menus. The variables were investigated using Kolmogorov-Smirnov to determine if they are normally distributed. To compare the mean of two groups, gender and years Mann-Whitney U test was used. To compare BMI classifications Kruskal-Wallis test was preferred. Furthermore, the Chi-square test was used to compare the proportions of variables in cross tabulation. Results: There is a statistically significant difference when cross-tabulation of macronutrients and total calories with BMI are examined (21,842; p0,0390,05). Conclusions: This study determined the level of satisfaction that students have with their meal experiences in order to improve the food service provided. The methods can be transferrable to other dining settings, such as schools, hospitals and even workplaces
Die Spuren der Übersetzerin bei der Übersetzung der Beschreibung der Reisen des Reinhold Lubenau ins Türkische
No full textThe aim of this study is to trace back the translator of "Reinhold Lubenau Seyahatnamesi [Osmanlı Ülkesinde, 1587-1589]" and focus on her translation approach through paratexts. The traveller portrays the Muslim 'other' whom he met in the Ottoman Empire where he spent his time between the years 1587-1589, when the Ottoman Empire had the power and Islam was being perceived as a threat to them versus his own culture which he belonged to as a Prussian Protestant. The translation of this itinerary is available to Turkish readers after approximately 400 years in 2012. What makes this translation interesting is the translation of a source text, in which the target culture was being portrayed from the perspective of the 'other', into a target language. How was this 'foreign' perspective constructed by the traveler translated and reflected in the paratext? What was the approach of the translator against the challenges he encountered during the translation process? Answers to these questions among many others were being searched through an examination of paratexts. In addition, it was also discussed whether the author moved to the reader or the reader moved to the author. Paratexts encourage reading and direct the reception (Genette 2016). In this study, book covers, names, titles, genre, graphics illustration and footnotes were examined. Translator footnotes, which were provided by the translator in order to make the text clear, were classified in order to underline the functions of these footnotes. Translator footnotes are the tools, which make translators visible and help them to raise their voices in the texts. In peritexts, translator can provide extra information to the readers, explain and justify his/her translation decisions.Bu çalışmanın amacı "Reinhold Lubenau Seyahatnamesi [Osmanlı Ülkesinde, 1587-1589]" başlıklı çeviri metinde yan metinlerden yola çıkarak çevirmenin izini sürmek ve onun çeviri yaklaşımını saptamaya çalışmaktır. Seyyah, Osmanlı'nın hâlâ güçlü olduğu ve İslam’ın da bir tehdit olarak algılandığı bir dönemde, 1587-1589 yıllarını Osmanlı Devleti'nde geçirip karşılaştığı Müslüman 'ötekini' Prusyalı bir Protestan olarak 'kendi' kültürüyle karşılaştırarak betimlemiştir. Bu seyahatnamenin çevirisi ise yaklaşık dört yüzyıl sonra 2012 yılında Türk okuruna sunulmuştur. Bu çeviriyi ilginç kılan bir özellik, Osmanlı'yla ilgili olan kısımlarda, 'erek kültür'ün 'öteki'nin perspektifinden betimlendiği bir kaynak metnin 'erek dile' çevrilmesidir. Bu yabancı bakış açısı çeviriye ve yan metinlere nasıl yansımıştır? Yazar mı okura götürülmektedir, okur mu yazara? Çevirmen, çeviri güçlükleri karşısında ne gibi bir tutum sergilemiştir? Bu ve benzer sorulara ağırlıklı olarak yan metinlerin irdelenmesiyle cevap aranmıştır. Yan metinler hem okumayı teşvik etmekte hem de alımlamayı yönlendirmektedir (Genette 2016). Bu çalışmada yan metin olarak kapak, isim, başlık, tür, grafik ve dipnotlar incelenmiştir. Çevirmenin, erek metni anlaşılır kılmak amacıyla, hangi işlevleri üstlendiğini göstermek için bu erek metindeki çevirmen notları sınıflandırılmıştır. Çevirmen notları, çevirmenleri görünür kılan ve seslerinin yükselmesini sağlayan araçlar olarak değerlendirilmektedir. İç yanmetinlerle çevirmen hem okura ek bilgiler aktarabilmekte hem de kendi çeviri kararlarını açıklayabilmekte ve savunabilmektedir
Yusuf al-Sebai and Thematic and Technical Review of His Novel Called “Ardh al-Nefaq”
No full textYüksek Lisans TeziModern Arap Edebiyatının önde gelen şahsiyetlerinden olan Yusuf es-Sibâʽî, Mısır halkı tarafından çok değer gören biri olmuştur. Aynı zamanda
siyasetçi ve gazeteci olan edip, eserlerinde toplumsal problemlere yer vererek
halkın sorunlarına çözüm yolu aramıştır. Sade ve süssüz üslubu ile halk
içerisinden biri gibi davranarak eserlerini kaleme almıştır. Kendisini toplumsal
sorunlara adayan es-Sibâʽî, romantizm, realizm, mizah ve fantastik türleri aynı
kapta harmanlamış, bu hali ile okuyucuların beğenisine sunmuştur.
Çalışma giriş, birinci bölüm ve ikinci bölümden oluşmaktadır. Giriş
bölümünde Mısır’ın modernleşme süreci ile Mısır’da roman hakkında bilgi
verilmiştir. Birinci bölümde yazarın hayatı, gençlik yılları, vefatı ve edebi
kişiliği incelenmiştir. İkinci bölümde ise Arzu’n-Nifâk romanı teknik ve tematik
açıdan tahlil edilmiştir.Yusuf al-Sebai, one of the prominent figures of modern Arabic literature,
has been appreciated by the Egyptian people. This literary man, who is also a
politician and journalist, sought a solution to the problems of the people by
including social problems in his works. He acted like one of the people and wrote
his works with unsophisticated and unembellished style. Sibâ'i devoted himself to
social problems and combined romanticism, realism, humor and fantasy genres
in the same pages and presented it to the readers in this form.
The present study consists of an introduction and two main chapters. In
the part of introduction, information about the modernization process of Egypt
and the novel in Egypt have been given. In the first chapter, the life, youth and
death of the author has been examined. Furthermore, the author's literary
personality has been analyzed. Subsequently, in the second part, " Ardh al-Nefaq" has been evaulated in terms of technique and thematic
Can the ADO Index Be Used as a Predictor of Mortality from COVID-19 in Patients with COPD?
No full textEsra Ertan Yazar,1 Gulsah Gunluoglu,2 Burcu Arpinar Yigitbas,1 Mukadder Calikoglu,3 Gazi Gulbas,4 Nilgün Yılmaz Demirci,5 Nurhan Sarioglu,6 Fulsen Bozkus,7 Nevin Taci Hoca,5 Nalan Ogan,8 Seda Tural Onur,2 Muzaffer Onur Turan,9 Filiz Kosar,2 Evrim Eylem Akpinar,8 Burak Mete,10 Can Ozturk5 1Department of Chest Diseases, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey; 2Department of Chest Diseases, Yedikule Chest Disease and Chest Surgery Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey; 3Department of Chest Diseases, Mersin University, Medical Faculty, Mersin, Turkey; 4Department of Chest Diseases, Inonu University, Medical Faculty, Malatya, Turkey; 5Department of Chest Diseases, Gazi University, Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey; 6Department of Chest Diseases, Balikesir University, Medical Faculty, Balikesir, Turkey; 7Department of Chest Diseases, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Medical Faculty, Kahramanmaras, Turkey; 8Department of Chest Diseases, Ufuk University, Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey; 9Department of Chest Diseases, Prof Dr, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Atatürk Research and Training Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; 10Department of Public Health Çukurova University, Medical Faculty, Adana, TurkeyCorrespondence: Esra Ertan Yazar, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Medical Faculty, Department of Chest Diseases, Istanbul, Turkey, Email [email protected]: Several studies have shown that the risk of mortality due to COVID-19 is high in patients with COPD. However, evidence on factors predicting mortality is limited.Research Question: Are there any useful markers to predict mortality in COVID-19 patients with COPD?.Study Design and Methods: A total of 689 patients were included in this study from the COPET study, a national multicenter observational study investigating COPD phenotypes consisting of patients who were followed up with a spirometry-confirmed COPD diagnosis. Patients were also retrospectively examined in terms of COVID-19 and their outcomes.Results: Among the study patients, 105 were diagnosed with PCR-positive COVID-19, and 19 of them died. Body mass index (p= 0.01) and ADO (age, dyspnoea, airflow obstruction) index (p= 0.01) were higher, whereas predicted FEV1 (p< 0.001) and eosinophil count (p= 0.003) were lower in patients who died of COVID-19. Each 0.755 unit increase in the ADO index increased the risk of death by 2.12 times, and each 0.007 unit increase in the eosinophil count decreased the risk of death by 1.007 times. The optimum cut-off ADO score of 3.5 was diagnostic with 94% sensitivity and 40% specificity in predicting mortality.Interpretation: Our study suggested that the ADO index recorded in the stable period in patients with COPD makes a modest contribution to the prediction of mortality due to COVID-19. Further studies are needed to validate the use of the ADO index in estimating mortality in both COVID-19 and other viral respiratory infections in patients with COPD.Keywords: body mass index, COVID-19, eosinophils, FEV1, mortality, pneumonia, pulmonary disease, chronic obstructiv
استخدام استرتجية (التعليم النشيط والابتكار والابتداع والفعالي والممتع) في تنمية مهارة القراءة: بحث تجريبي في المدرسة الثنوية الإسلامية الحكمية الأولي بسمارانج
No full textABSTRAK
Dunia pendidika telah mengalami perkembangan yang sangat pesat, begitu pula metode pembelajaran dan strategi pembelajaran seiring dengan perkembangan tehnologi pendidikan saat ini. Akan tetapi problematika yang timbul khususnya dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di sebagian besar madrasah kita sampai saat ini seperti tidak ada jalan untuk menyelesaiannya. Diantara permasalahan besar yang dihadapi sampai saat ini adalah minimnya pencapaiaan tujuan pembelajaran Bahasa Arab seperti yang diharapkan. Hal ini banyak faktor yang mempengarui terhadap kemunduran mutu pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di madrasah-madrasah tersebut, diantaranya metode dan setrategi pembelajaran yang digunakan tidak sesui dengan kebutuhan anak saat ini dan tidak dapat mrnarik minat siswa kita untuk lebih giat belajar, hingga banyak siswa yang merasa jemu dan bosan saat mengikuti proses pembelajaran yang sedang berlangsung.
Guru yang sukses pada hakekatnya adalah kesuksesan guru dalam memilih metode dan strategi pembelajaran yang dapat mengantarkan materi pelajaran pada siswa dengan cara yang termudah. Maka kadang guru telah menguasai banyak materi, akan tetapi tidak pandai dalam memilih metode dan strategi pembelajaran yang cocok, maka keberhasilan tidak dapat menyertai dalam pekerjaannya. Dan penguasaan materi yang banyak tidak ada manfaatnya. Ada sebuah ungkapan yang menyatakan “Memilih metode dan strategi pembelajaran yang sesui jauh lebih penting dari materi pelajaran itu sendiri “
Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut di atas, maka penulis memilih judul penelitiannya “Penggunaan Strategi PAIKEM (Pembelajaran Aktif, Inovatif, Kreatif, Efektif dan Menyenangkan) dalam meningkatkan ketrampilan membaca . Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri I semarang, dikarenakan penulis menganggap bahwa jika strategi pembelajaran ini diterapkan oleh guru secara benar, maka dapat meningkatkan ketrampilan membaca para siswanya dan dapat membantu menyelesaikan permasalahan – permasalah yang dihadapi guru dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Arab saat ini.
Rumusan permasalah dari penelitian ini adalah: Rendahnya kemapuan siswa dalam memahami teks bacaan, memahami ide pokok dan ide penunjang dari teks bacaan tersebut, yang disebabkan, tidak diterapkannya metode dan strategi pembelajaran yang sesu ai untuk meningkatkan pemahaman siswa terhadap ide pokok dan ide penunjang dari suatu teks bacaan tersebut. Rumusan permasalahan ini membutuhkan pertanyaan sebagai berikut : (1) Bagaimana strategi pembelajaran PAIKEM ini diterapkan untuk meningkatkan ketrampilan siswa dalam membaca di MAN I Semarang ? (2) Sejauhmana efektifitas penggunaan strategi pembelajaran PAIKEM ini dapat meningkatkan pemahaman siswa terhadap ide pokok dari suatu teks bacaan ? (3) Sejauhmana efektifitas penggunaan strategi pembelajaran PAIKEM ini dapat meningkatkan pemahaman siswa terhadap ide penunjang dari suatu teks bacaan di MAN I Semarang?
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen ( Experiment Researceh) dengan desain eksperimen menggunakan dua kelompok, yaitu satu kelompok eksperimen dan kedua kelompok kontrol. Adapun langkah-langkah eksperimen ini meliputi : (1) Peneliti melakukan pre-test pada kedua kelompok tersebut, (2) Menyusun rencana program pembelajaran (RPP), (3)Melaksanakan RPP, (4) melakukan pengamatan selama proses, (5) Melaksanakan post -test pada kedua kelompok. Adapun sasaran (populasi) dari penelitian ini adalah guru dan siswa MAN I Semarang tahun pelajaran 2010/2011. Dan diantara instrumen pengumpulan data pada penelitian kali ini menggunakan: (1) Observasi secara terprogram, (2) wawancara, (3) Quesioner, (4) test.
Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini dapat saya simpulkan sebagai berikut: (1) Penerapan strategi PAIKEM dalam upaya meningkatkan ketrampilan membaca siswa MAN I Semarang terbukti efektif, (2) Penggunaan strategi PAIKEM dapat meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam memahami ide pokok dari teks bacaan, (3) Penggunaan strategi PAIKEM dapat meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam memahami ide penunjang dari teks bacaan.
ABSTRACT
Education culturehas a rapidly development, with also in education methode and education strategy along with education technology development. But a problemrised espessially in learning of Arabic language withmost part of Islamic boarding school like there is no resolver. The preblomatically is including the lower value of arabic learning direction not at most like it’s expected. There is a factors that work on this condition of quality regression in arabic learning progress.Appertainly in methode and strategy it is not suitable for student and it is not interisting for them to learn this more and more and so this condition make them boring to follow the session.
In fact, the teacher’s achievement is the achievement ofpicking a methode and strategy that with it can delivered the material leason in easiest way. Sometimes there’s a theacher with overcoming a lot of lesson’s matery but can not find any methode than the achievement can not accompany the profession. If that so, the overcoming matery is not usefull. There’e an idiom that choosing a right methode is more important than the matery it self.
Based on this problem, the author choose a title for the research: The Application of Paikem strategy (Active Learning, Inovative, Creative, Efective, Cheerfully) to improving student reading skill. Experimental research at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Semarang.) the author has an assumption that applicating this methode in a right way will appreciate well in student reading skill and solve the problems that the teacher found.
The problem formulation of this research are: Student low ability for understanding literature, understanding the main ideas and secondary ideas caused from unapplied the right methode n strategy for improving the student in understanding the main ideas and secondary ideas of literature.
The problem formulation had an explanation of: 1. How applied this Pakem strategy for improving the student reading ability at MAN 1 Semarang. 2. How far this methode will reach an effectiveness to improve the student abilty of understanding the main ideas of literature. 3. How far this methode will reach an effectiveness to improve the student abilty of understanding the secondary ideas of literature.
This research use an experimental methode that has two group, the first group is an experimental group and the second group is a control group. Experimental action in this research including: 1. The researchator had a pre-test for both group. 2. Arranging a learning plan program (RPP). 3. Implementation of a learning plan program (RPP). 4. Observation during a process. 5. Had a post-test for both group.
The target population in this research is a teachers and a students of MAN 1 Semarang on periode 2010-2011. The instrument for collecting datas including: 1. Programmed observation. 2. Interview. 3. Questionnaire. 4. Test
The result of this research can be concleded in: 1. The application of Paikem strategy in order to improving the student reading ability at MAN 1 Semarang is effective. 2. Using of Paikem strategy will improve the student reading ability to understanding the main ideas of literature. 3. Using of Paikem strategy will improve the student reading ability to understanding the secondary ideas of literature
