1,720,961 research outputs found
In-memory check pointing in speculative parallel complex event processing
Full text linkParallel Complex Event Processing can be used to process high rate streams to get better latency. In order to handle out of order events, buffering and speculative processing techniques are discussed and analyzed. Another technique that merges both of them and adapts to the situation at runtime sounds promising. However, there are some inherent limitations of the technique due to which it doesn’t perform very well for parallel CEP systems. Our implementation is mainly based on this technique but we have done some optimizations to enhance the performance for parallel CEP systems.
There are two major optimizations done in this technique. First of all, the internal recovery process is introduced which allows us to reduce communication overhead because we don’t forward the events to the operator instances again after recovery. Instead, we just send some messages containing commands to amend the windows, as required. This can help a lot, especially in the cases when the events contain some heavy data like high quality pictures or video clip etc.
Secondly, we have divided the tasks to all the operator components, so that they can take checkpoints as well as recover back when required, irrespective of the other operator components. This allows them to run at their own pace instead of the consistency manager asking all of them to take checkpoint and send their respective states to the consistency manager. In this way, the waiting time of the consistency manager is avoided. Moreover, we have also introduced some minor optimizations like we can access the queues directly and add the out of order events to them, which avoids the recovery of the system, if possible. We have also introduced a high priority queue in the operator instance to allow the out of order events to bypass the normal queue and avoid recovery of the operator instance, if possible. Evaluations are done using synthetic data and the results show that our optimizations have increased the throughput as well as improved the latency in most of the cases
Concurrent SA and NSA mode operation of NR cell in 5G Cloud RAN
No full textThe evolution of 5G mobile communication systems has transformed modern communication by enabling high speed data rates, short latency, and the ability to connect a large number of devices. To meet these growing demands efficiently, the network architecture is shifting from traditional hardware-based RAN toward Cloud-based Radio Access Network (C-RAN), which offers flexibility, scalability, and centralized resource management.
5G networks operates in NSA and SA deployment modes. NSA uses the existing LTE core to speed up early rollouts, while SA relies fully on the 5G Core to deliver advanced features. However, current gNB implementations typically support only one mode at a time, making it difficult for operators to migrate smoothly to SA. The transition from NSA to SA is complex due to infrastructure costs, device compatibility, and the need to maintain service continuity for legacy NSA users. To overcome this limitation, a deployment option known as concurrent SA and NSA mode allows both modes to operate within the same 5G NR cell and cloud gNB. This mode combines so called NSA option 3x and SA option 2 architectures together. The concurrent mode allows operators to maintain NSA services while gradually deploying SA capabilities, thereby ensuring a smooth migration path toward full 5G SA. Moreover, it enhances network resilience through independent operation of the two modes, optimizes spectrum and hardware utilization, and reduces operational costs by minimizing the need for separate infrastructure.
This thesis work, carried out at Nokia’s Espoo laboratory within the MN Testing and Verification team, focuses on implementing and validating concurrent SA/NSA operation in a 5G Cloud RAN environment. The considered test setup was tested through cell availability verification, concurrent SA and NSA user connection via admission control, L3 signalling validation, and end-user downlink throughput measurement in the cloud gNB. The results are analysed to see that modes function reliably in the same cell without degradation, demonstrating a practical path toward flexible, cost-efficient 5G evolution in cloud-based networks
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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