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Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Semi- Interpenetratingpolymer Network (SEMI-IPN) Hidrogel Berbasis Nanopartikel Pati Buah Mangrove dan Monomer Asam Akrilat Sebagai Drug Delivery
No full textHidrogel adalah polimer silang dengan kemampuan untuk membengkak dalam
media berair. Pati adalah biopolimer alami yang memiliki banyak aplikasi sebagai
bahan baku industri. Teknologi nanopartikel dapat meningkatkan karakteristik
pati, sehingga memiliki viskositas suspensi yang lebih rendah pada konsentrasi
tinggi dengan kekuatan pengikatan yang lebih tinggi karena luas permukaan yang
lebih besar, nanopartikel pati diperoleh melalui metode kimia-mekanik terbukti
bahwa nanopartikel pati yang didapat berukuran 38,79 nm. Nanopartikel pati yang
diperoleh dari buah mangrove dilarutkan dalam sistem pelarut PEG / NaOH dan
larutan yang dihasilkan dipolimerisasi dengan monomer asam akrilat dan pengikat
silang N, N 'Metilena Bisacrylamida (MBA) melalui polimerisasi radikal bebas.
Hidrogel Semi-IPN ini dikarakterisasi uji daya serap air dan uji persentase derajat
ikat silang. Struktur kimia menggunakan Fourier Transform Infrared
Spectroscopy (FTIR), ketahanan termal menggunakan Differential Scanning
Calorimeter (DSC), morfologi permukaan hidrogel menggunakan Scanning
Electron Microscopy (SEM). Karakterisasi hidrogel dengan penambahan Crude
ekstrak daun mangrove diuji aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan bakteri uji
Staphylococcus Aureus, Escherichia Coli, Propionibacterium Acnes, dan
Salmonella Typhi. Penambahan nanopartikel meningkatkan rasio swelling dan
derajat ikat silang pada kosentrasi 0,8 gram sebesar 1584, 18% dan 86,98%.
Hasil karakterisasi dengan FTIR mengidentifikasikan telah terjadinya ikat silang
antara asam akrilat dengan MBA pada panjang gelombang 1403 Cm-1 dan 1560
Cm-1 menujukkan adanya stretching simetris dan asimetris dari anion karboksilat.
Hidrogel mengalami penguraian awal pada suhu 340,57°C dan dekomposisi
sempurna pada 470,38°C menggunakan DSC. Analisa SEM menunjukkan
peningkatan konsentrasi nanopartikel pati mangrove menyebabkan struktur
permukaan menjadi lebih kasar. Karakterisasi hidrogel dengan penambahan crude
ekstrak daun mangrove memiliki aktivitas antimikroba tertinggi pada konsentrasi
50%. Hidrogel dapat digunakan pelepasan obat terkendali, kecepatan pelepasan
obat tergantung pada kelarutan dalam air.Hydrogels are cross polymer with the ability to swell in aqueous media. Starch is
a natural biopolymer that has many applications as industrial raw materials.
Nanoparticle technology can improve the characteristics of starch, so that it has a
lower suspension viscosity at higher concentrations with higher binding strength
because of the larger surface area, starch nanoparticles obtained through
chemical-mechanical methods proved that the obtained starch nanoparticles were
38.79 nm. Starch nanoparticles obtained from mangroves were dissolved in the
PEG / NaOH solvent system and the resulting solution was polymerized with
acrylic acid monomers and N, N 'Methylene Bisacrylamide (MBA) crosslinking
through free radical polymerization. This Semi-IPN hydrogel is characterized by a
water absorbency test and a crosslinked percentage degree test. Chemical
structure using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal
resistance using Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC), surface morphology of
hydrogels using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Characterization of
hydrogels with the addition of Crude mangrove leaf extract was tested for
antibacterial activity using test bacteria Staphylococcus Aureus, Escherichia Coli,
Propionibacterium Acnes, and Salmonella Typhi. The addition of nanoparticles
increased the swelling ratio and crosslinking degrees at a concentration of 0.8
grams of 1584, 18% and 86.98%. The results of the characterization with FTIR
identified the occurrence of crosslinking between acrylic acid and MBA at
wavelengths of 1403 Cm-1 and 1560 Cm-1 indicating symmetrical and
asymmetrical stretching of carboxylic anions. Hydrogels experienced initial
decomposition at 340.57°C and perfect decomposition at 470.38°C using DSC.
SEM analysis showed an increase in the concentration of mangrove starch
nanoparticles causing the surface structure to become more coarse.
Characterization of hydrogels with crude addition of mangrove leaf extract had
the highest antimicrobial activity at a concentration of 50%. Hydrogel can be used
controlled drug release, the speed of drug release depends on solubility in water.79 HalamanDisertasi Dokto
Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Semi- Interpenetratingpolymer Network (SEMI-IPN) Hidrogel Berbasis Nanopartikel Pati Buah Mangrove dan Monomer Asam Akrilat Sebagai Drug Delivery
No full textHidrogel adalah polimer silang dengan kemampuan untuk membengkak dalam
media berair. Pati adalah biopolimer alami yang memiliki banyak aplikasi sebagai
bahan baku industri. Teknologi nanopartikel dapat meningkatkan karakteristik
pati, sehingga memiliki viskositas suspensi yang lebih rendah pada konsentrasi
tinggi dengan kekuatan pengikatan yang lebih tinggi karena luas permukaan yang
lebih besar, nanopartikel pati diperoleh melalui metode kimia-mekanik terbukti
bahwa nanopartikel pati yang didapat berukuran 38,79 nm. Nanopartikel pati yang
diperoleh dari buah mangrove dilarutkan dalam sistem pelarut PEG / NaOH dan
larutan yang dihasilkan dipolimerisasi dengan monomer asam akrilat dan pengikat
silang N, N 'Metilena Bisacrylamida (MBA) melalui polimerisasi radikal bebas.
Hidrogel Semi-IPN ini dikarakterisasi uji daya serap air dan uji persentase derajat
ikat silang. Struktur kimia menggunakan Fourier Transform Infrared
Spectroscopy (FTIR), ketahanan termal menggunakan Differential Scanning
Calorimeter (DSC), morfologi permukaan hidrogel menggunakan Scanning
Electron Microscopy (SEM). Karakterisasi hidrogel dengan penambahan Crude
ekstrak daun mangrove diuji aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan bakteri uji
Staphylococcus Aureus, Escherichia Coli, Propionibacterium Acnes, dan
Salmonella Typhi. Penambahan nanopartikel meningkatkan rasio swelling dan
derajat ikat silang pada kosentrasi 0,8 gram sebesar 1584, 18% dan 86,98%.
Hasil karakterisasi dengan FTIR mengidentifikasikan telah terjadinya ikat silang
antara asam akrilat dengan MBA pada panjang gelombang 1403 Cm-1 dan 1560
Cm-1 menujukkan adanya stretching simetris dan asimetris dari anion karboksilat.
Hidrogel mengalami penguraian awal pada suhu 340,57°C dan dekomposisi
sempurna pada 470,38°C menggunakan DSC. Analisa SEM menunjukkan
peningkatan konsentrasi nanopartikel pati mangrove menyebabkan struktur
permukaan menjadi lebih kasar. Karakterisasi hidrogel dengan penambahan crude
ekstrak daun mangrove memiliki aktivitas antimikroba tertinggi pada konsentrasi
50%. Hidrogel dapat digunakan pelepasan obat terkendali, kecepatan pelepasan
obat tergantung pada kelarutan dalam air.Hydrogels are cross polymer with the ability to swell in aqueous media. Starch is
a natural biopolymer that has many applications as industrial raw materials.
Nanoparticle technology can improve the characteristics of starch, so that it has a
lower suspension viscosity at higher concentrations with higher binding strength
because of the larger surface area, starch nanoparticles obtained through
chemical-mechanical methods proved that the obtained starch nanoparticles were
38.79 nm. Starch nanoparticles obtained from mangroves were dissolved in the
PEG / NaOH solvent system and the resulting solution was polymerized with
acrylic acid monomers and N, N 'Methylene Bisacrylamide (MBA) crosslinking
through free radical polymerization. This Semi-IPN hydrogel is characterized by a
water absorbency test and a crosslinked percentage degree test. Chemical
structure using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal
resistance using Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC), surface morphology of
hydrogels using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Characterization of
hydrogels with the addition of Crude mangrove leaf extract was tested for
antibacterial activity using test bacteria Staphylococcus Aureus, Escherichia Coli,
Propionibacterium Acnes, and Salmonella Typhi. The addition of nanoparticles
increased the swelling ratio and crosslinking degrees at a concentration of 0.8
grams of 1584, 18% and 86.98%. The results of the characterization with FTIR
identified the occurrence of crosslinking between acrylic acid and MBA at
wavelengths of 1403 Cm-1 and 1560 Cm-1 indicating symmetrical and
asymmetrical stretching of carboxylic anions. Hydrogels experienced initial
decomposition at 340.57°C and perfect decomposition at 470.38°C using DSC.
SEM analysis showed an increase in the concentration of mangrove starch
nanoparticles causing the surface structure to become more coarse.
Characterization of hydrogels with crude addition of mangrove leaf extract had
the highest antimicrobial activity at a concentration of 50%. Hydrogel can be used
controlled drug release, the speed of drug release depends on solubility in water.79 HalamanDisertasi Dokto
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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