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Mentalisieren ist erlernbar: Einführung in die mentalisierungsbasierte Förderung
No full textÜbersetzung von Tanja Sappok
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Diagnosing autism in adults with intellectual disability
No full textBei jedem 4. Menschen mit Intelligenzminderung (IM) besteht zusätzlich eine
Autismusspektrumstörung (ASS), die häufig bis ins Erwachsenenalter unerkannt
bleibt. Voraussetzung für die richtige Behandlung der ASS und der damit oft
assoziierten, schweren Verhaltensauffälligkeiten ist die
differentialdiagnostische Abgrenzung gegenüber anderen psychischen
Erkrankungen und der geistigen Behinderung selbst. Ziel der vorgestellten
Untersuchung ist, die Diagnostik bei erwachsenen Patienten mit
Intelligenzminderung und Autismusverdacht zu verbessern. Dazu werden die in
der Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie etablierten Untersuchungsinstrumente auf
ihre Anwendbarkeit bei Erwachsenen mit IM überprüft und angepasst und
spezifische Verfahren entwickelt. Während der Fragebogen zur sozialen
Kommunikation (FSK) - aktuell mit einem veränderten cut-off von 18 auch bei
erwachsenen Menschen mit IM angewandt werden kann, kann die Durchführung des
FSK-Lebenszeit bei erwachsenen Menschen mit IM nur eingeschränkt empfohlen
werden. Die Diagnostische Beobachtungsskala für Autistische Störungen (ADOS)
und das Diagnostische Interview für Autismus-Revidiert (ADI-R) sind nur bei
68% bzw. 37% der Patienten anwendbar gewesen. Während die ADOS eine hohe
Sensitivität von 100% und eine niedrige Spezifität von 45% aufweist, zeigt das
ADI-R balanciertere Werte von 88% bzw. 80%. Anpassungen im Setting, in den
Aufgabenstellungen und im Auswertalgorithmus können die Anwendbarkeit und die
psychometrischen Eigenschaften der ADOS weiter erhöhen. Eine ICD-10 basierte
Autismus-Checkliste (ACL) wurde für Ärzte und Psychologen entwickelt und zeigt
eine akzeptable Validität und Reliabilität. Zur Einschätzung der Autismus
relevanten Verhaltensweisen im vertrauten Lebensumfeld der Betroffenen wurde
ein 4-stufiger, 20 Items umfassender Diagnostischer Beobachtungsbogen für
Autismusspektrumstörungen (DIBAS) für nahe Bezugspersonen entworfen, überprüft
und in überarbeiteter Fassung (DIBAS-Revidiert) prospektiv validiert. Die
emotionale Entwicklung war bei erwachsenen Menschen mit IM und Autismus im
Vergleich zu Menschen ohne Autismus signifikant verzögert und inhomogen. Das
Profil der emotionalen Entwicklung kann bei der Autismusdiagnostik hilfreich
sein (Sensitivität 78%; Spezifität 76%) und ist für die Entwicklung und das
Verständnis von Verhaltensauffälligkeiten bedeutsam. Die Anwendung der
adaptierten bzw. neu entwickelten Diagnostikverfahren für erwachsene Menschen
mit IM trägt zur Verbesserung der medizinischen Versorgung dieser vulnerablen
Patientengruppe bei, die einer besonderen ärztlichen Zuwendung bedarf.Individuals with intellectual disability (ID) are at risk for additional
autism spectrum disorders (ASD). One in four individuals with ID is diagnosed
with additional ASD. However, ASD often remains unrecognized until adulthood.
Carefully diagnosing ASD in affected individuals would allow for more tailored
clinical interventions that would improve mental health and quality of life.
The aim of the present study was to optimize the diagnostic process for adults
with ID and suspected comorbid ASD. Hence, ASD diagnostic instrument
established in children were examined, adapted and new, specific instruments
for adults with ID and suspicion of ASD were developed. Our findings support
the use of the Social Communication Questionnaire-current for ASD screening in
adults with ID (cut-off: 18), while the Social Communication Questionnaire-
lifetime should be used with caution in this population. The Autism Diagnostic
Observation Schedule (ADOS) and the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised
(ADI-R) were applicable in only 68% and 37%, respectively. While the ADOS
showed a high sensitivity (100%) and low specificity (45%), the ADI-R revealed
better balanced results (88% and 80%, respectively). Adjustments of the
setting, the tasks, and the algorithm may further improve the feasibility and
psychometric properties of the ADOS. An ICD-10 based Autism-Checklist (ACL)
developed for physicians and psychologists showed acceptable validity and
reliability. To systematically assess ASD relevant behaviours in a familiar
environment, the Diagnostic Behavioral Assessment for ASD (DiBAS) was
developed, evaluated and validated in a revised version (DiBAS-Revised). The
level of emotional development was significantly lower and uneven in adults
with ID and ASD compared to adults with ID alone. The profile of emotional
development can be used for predicting ASD group membership (sensitivity 78%,
specificity 76%) and is of importance for the development and understanding of
challenging behaviours. Application of the adapted and newly developed
diagnostic ASD measures for adults with ID may improve mental health in this
highly vulnerable population
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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