781 research outputs found
Risk factors related to population diversity and disparity determine healthy aging
No full textOur study exposes the determinants of healthy aging in Latin America, underscoring the importance of the effects of social and health disparities over those of traditional factors like age and sex.Our findings highlight an urgent need for more-targeted health risks detection, interventions, andpolicies, particularly in low-income regions.Fil: Ibanez Barassi, Agustin Mariano. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de San Andrés; Argentina. Universidad Adolfo Ibañez; ChileFil: Santamaria Garcia, Hernando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Colombi
Brain, cognitive, and physical disability correlates of decreased quality of life in patients with Huntington’s disease
No full textPURPOSE: Following a case–control design, as a primary objective, this study aimed to explore the relationship between quality of life (QoL) scores and gray matter (GM) volumes in patients with Huntington’s disease (HD). As a secondary objective, we assessed the relationship between QoL scores and other important behavioral, clinical and demographical variables in patients with HD and HD patients’ caregivers. METHODS: We recruited 75 participants (25 HD patients, 25 caregivers, and 25 controls) and assessed their QoL using the World Health Organization Quality of Life scale-Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF). Participants were also assessed with general cognitive functioning tests and clinical scales. In addition, we acquired MRI scans from all participants. RESULTS: Our results showed that patients exhibited significantly lower scores in all four QoL domains (physical health, psychological wellbeing, social relationships, and relationship with the environment) compared to caregivers and controls. Caregivers showed lower scores than controls in the physical health and the environmental domains. In HD patients, lower scores in QoL domains were associated with lower GM volumes, mainly in the precuneus and the cerebellum. Moreover, in HD patients, physical disability and GM volume reduction were significant predictors of QoL decrease in all domains. For caregivers, years of formal education was the most important predictor of QoL. CONCLUSIONS: HD patients exhibit greater GM volume loss as well as lower QoL scores compared to caregivers and controls. However, caregivers displayed lower scores in QoL scores than controls, with years of education being a significant predictor. Our results reflect a first attempt to investigate the relationships among QoL, GM volumes, and other important factors in an HD and HD caregiver sample. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11136-022-03220-0
Moral cognition and moral emotions
No full textMoral cognition, a central aspect of human social functioning, involves complex interactions between emotion and reasoning to tell right from wrong. In this chapter, we summarize the cognitive neuroscience literature on moral cognition and moral emotions, highlighting their close relationship with other social cognition domains. We consider neuroimaging research and behavioral/neuropsychological evidence of moral impairments in patients with psychiatric and neurological conditions. We also describe cognitive neuroscience models claiming that moral cognition processes are shaped by the encompassing social context. These views emphasize how cultural and context-dependent knowledge, as well as motivational states, can be integrated to explain complex aspects of human moral cognition. Finally, we address real-life social scenarios on which available studies could make a direct impact. More generally, we analyze the extent to which moral cognition research can help to understand human social behavior and complex social-moral circumstances.Fil: Báez Buitrago, Sandra Jimena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Neurociencia Cognitiva. Fundación Favaloro. Instituto de Neurociencia Cognitiva; ArgentinaFil: García, Adolfo Martín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Neurociencia Cognitiva. Fundación Favaloro. Instituto de Neurociencia Cognitiva; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Educación Elemental y Especial; ArgentinaFil: Santamaria Garcia, Hernando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Neurociencia Cognitiva. Fundación Favaloro. Instituto de Neurociencia Cognitiva; Argentin
Comparative transcriptomics reveals a conserved core of the phosphate starvation response across monocots and eudicots: Supplementary Information
No full textSupplmentary information for the manuscript titled: Comparative transcriptomics reveals a conserved core of the phosphate starvation response across monocots and eudicots.
This manuscript is part of the PhD thesis: Multi-omics Approavhes for Biosynthetic Pathway Prediction in Plants.
Thesis author: Hernando Suare
Anticompetitive Contracts in the U.K. Pay-TV Market
No full textcontracts, raising rivals costs, pay TV
Notas bibliográficas
No full textIntroducción a la lógica jurídica. García Maynez, Eduardo. / Edmundo Husserl. Stoerig, Hans Joachim. / La structure de l'organisme: Introduction à la biologie à partir de la pathologie humaine. Goldstein, Kurt. / Documentos: número 8. Corte, Marcel de; Santamaria, Carlos; Leclercq, Jacques; [et al]
Notas bibliográficas
No full textIntroducción a la lógica jurídica. García Maynez, Eduardo. / Edmundo Husserl. Stoerig, Hans Joachim. / La structure de l'organisme: Introduction à la biologie à partir de la pathologie humaine. Goldstein, Kurt. / Documentos: número 8. Corte, Marcel de; Santamaria, Carlos; Leclercq, Jacques; [et al]
The interplay between sharing behavior and beliefs about others in children during dictator games
No full textPrevious studies in adults demonstrated that beliefs and sharing decisions in social scenarios are closely related. However, to date, little is known about the development of this relationship in children. By using a modified dictator game, we assessed sharing behavior and beliefs about others in children between 3 and 12 years old. We performed four studies (N = 376) aimed to assess whether decisions were related to beliefs (Studies 1 and 2) and whether information about the recipient’s forced sharing behavior would shape decisions and beliefs (Studies 3 and 4). Results of Studies 1 and 2 showed that beliefs about others’ generosity were related to children’s sharing behavior. In Studies 3 and 4, we found that only children older than 9 years shared more pieces of candy when they knew that the recipient would be forced to share (cooperative context) than when they knew that the recipient would be forced not to share (noncooperative context). Besides, children older than 6 years did not modify their beliefs about others’ generosity according to these social contexts. These results suggest that normative or preconceived beliefs about the functioning of the social world may guide social behavior in children.Fil: Santamaria Garcia, Hernando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Neurociencia Cognitiva y Traslacional. Fundación Ineco Rosario Sede del Incyt | Instituto de Neurología Cognitiva. Instituto de Neurociencia Cognitiva y Traslacional. Fundación Ineco Rosario Sede del Incyt | Fundación Favaloro. Instituto de Neurociencia Cognitiva y Traslacional. Fundación Ineco Rosario Sede del Incyt; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Colombia; Colombia. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Colombia. Hospital Universitario San Ignacio; Colombia. Universidad Favaloro; ArgentinaFil: González Gadea, María Luz. Universidad Torcuato Di Tella; Argentina. Universidad Favaloro; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Neurociencia Cognitiva y Traslacional. Fundación Ineco Rosario Sede del Incyt | Instituto de Neurología Cognitiva. Instituto de Neurociencia Cognitiva y Traslacional. Fundación Ineco Rosario Sede del Incyt | Fundación Favaloro. Instituto de Neurociencia Cognitiva y Traslacional. Fundación Ineco Rosario Sede del Incyt; ArgentinaFil: Di Tella, Rafael. Center for International Financial Analysis and Research; Estados Unidos. Harvard University; Estados Unidos. National Bureau of Economic Research; Estados UnidosFil: Ibáñez Barassi, Agustín Mariano. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Neurociencia Cognitiva y Traslacional. Fundación Ineco Rosario Sede del Incyt | Instituto de Neurología Cognitiva. Instituto de Neurociencia Cognitiva y Traslacional. Fundación Ineco Rosario Sede del Incyt | Fundación Favaloro. Instituto de Neurociencia Cognitiva y Traslacional. Fundación Ineco Rosario Sede del Incyt; Argentina. Universidad Adolfo Ibañez; Chile. Universidad Favaloro; Argentina. Universidad Autónoma del Caribe; Colombia. Australian Research Council; AustraliaFil: Sigman, Mariano. Universidad Torcuato Di Tella; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin
Enhancing the Multicycle Performance of SrCO₃-Based Thermochemical Energy Storage Using SnO2
No full textThis work investigates the potential of strontium carbonate (SrCO3) as a thermochemical energy storage (TCES) material and explores the incorporation of tin (IV) oxide (SnO2) as a chemical spacer to enhance its multicycle performance. High-purity SrCO3 and SnO2 were used to prepare composites with various mass proportions. The composites were subjected to repeated calcination/carbonation cycles under controlled conditions. Experimental results indicate that pure SrCO3 achieves a high initial effective conversion at 900 °C; however, its performance degrades significantly over successive cycles. In contrast, the SrCO3/SnO2 composite containing 15 wt% SnO2 (SrSnO15) maintained a stable effective conversion compared to a drop to 0.11 in pure SrCO3 by the ninth cycle. Structural characterization using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy revealed the formation of secondary phases, including strontium stannate (SrSnO3) and a spinel phase (Sr2SnO4), which impact the reactivity of the material. Additionally, a pressure swing approach was applied to reduce the calcination temperature, which improved the effective conversion during initial cycles by delaying spinel formation; however, its benefits diminished over extended cycling. Comparative analysis with literature data underscores the promising performance of the SrSnO15 composite. Overall, the results demonstrate that SnO2 addition enhances the long-term cyclic stability and energy storage capacity of SrCO3-based TCES systems, paving the way for more efficient and durable renewable energy storage solutions.The authors acknowledge the financial support received through CONAHCYT as part of the Call for Basic and Frontier Science 2023-2024 within Strategic Project No. CBF2023-2024-3410, entitled "Development of Advanced Methods and New Materials for Solar Thermal Energy Storage Using Reversible Solid-Gas Reaction Cycles to Enhance the Use of Solar Technology," which enabled the development of research and support of human resource training at the graduate level. Financial support is also acknowledged from grants TED2021-131839B–C22 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR, and the grant PID2022-140815OB-C22 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and ERDF A way of making Europe.
The authors acknowledge the financial support received through the support scholarship by CONAHCYT with number 814358.N
Genuine high-order interactions in brain networks and neurodegeneration
No full textBrain functional networks have been traditionally studied considering only interactions between pairs of regions, neglecting the richer information encoded in higher orders of interactions. In consequence, most of the connectivity studies in neurodegeneration and dementia use standard pairwise metrics. Here, we developed a genuine high-order functional connectivity (HOFC) approach that captures interactions between 3 or more regions across spatiotemporal scales, delivering a more biologically plausible characterization of the pathophysiology of neurodegeneration. We applied HOFC to multimodal (electroencephalography [EEG], and functional magnetic resonance imaging [fMRI]) data from patients diagnosed with behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and healthy controls. HOFC revealed large effect sizes, which, in comparison to standard pairwise metrics, provided a more accurate and parsimonious characterization of neurodegeneration. The multimodal characterization of neurodegeneration revealed hypo and hyperconnectivity on medium to large-scale brain networks, with a larger contribution of the former. Regions as the amygdala, the insula, and frontal gyrus were associated with both effects, suggesting potential compensatory processes in hub regions. fMRI revealed hypoconnectivity in AD between regions of the default mode, salience, visual, and auditory networks, while in bvFTD between regions of the default mode, salience, and somatomotor networks. EEG revealed hypoconnectivity in the γ band between frontal, limbic, and sensory regions in AD, and in the δ band between frontal, temporal, parietal and posterior areas in bvFTD, suggesting additional pathophysiological processes that fMRI alone can not capture. Classification accuracy was comparable with standard biomarkers and robust against confounders such as sample size, age, education, and motor artifacts (from fMRI and EEG). We conclude that high-order interactions provide a detailed, EEG- and fMRI compatible, biologically plausible, and psychopathological-specific characterization of different neurodegenerative conditions
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