1,721,014 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Food supplements based on up-cycling of Citrus juice by-products
No full textFood fortification is one of the cost-effective tool enabling people to increase their nutrient intake. Functional
foods that contain bioactive components may provide desirable health benefits beyond basic nutrition and play important roles in the prevention of life-style related diseases. However, stable and bioactive ingredients are necessary for the food and nutraceutical industry. The particle technology applied to food derivatives and by-products involves several aspects from the stability and size reduction processes to modification of the solubility of the active ingredients producing easy handling powder forms readily soluble in water.The present work reports on the encapsulation of Bergamot (Citrus bergamia Risso) and Bitter orange (Citrus aurantium L.) juices recovered as Citrus industrial by-products. Citrus juices are valuable source of antioxidant polyphenols having health
beneficial properties, mainly in protecting tissues against oxygen free radicals damages, mutagenesis and lipid peroxidation. Flavonoids are suggested as dietary agents in the prevention of many degenerative diseases being attractive materials for the food and nutraceutical industry. The basic problem associated with the recycling of fresh juice is that, after the recovery and waiting for a possible re-use, juice can undergo to functional and organoleptic alterations, preventing its use. In the frame of our research on Citrus species, the spray drying technique and a polymeric carrier based on Sodium-Carboxymethylcellulose (C) and Lactose (L), food grade excipients, have been proposed as a microencapsulation system to enhance the juice (J) shelf life in order to use it as a dietary supplement or to enrich foods in flavonoids. The lactose used in the formulation has also been recovered, through the anti-solvent method, from industrial dairy wastes (fresh milk remained unsold). The engineered microcarriers showed high juice loading efficiency (94.6%) and small particle size (d50 3.52 μm) with satisfactory process yields (70-75%). The CLJ powder resulted handling and stable over time under harsh storage conditions. As the solubility in water, CLJ showed a high dissolution rate of the encapsulated juice. In the view of the increased consumer demand for functional foods, CLJ was used to produce a yogurt enriched with high flavonoid antioxidant content. Sensory analysis showed that CLJ microparticles could be enclosed in the base-product (whole milk yogurt) without altering physical stability (up to 28 days), masking natural juice bitterness and flavour and inhibiting final product colour change observed when the juice is directly added in the yogurt. Therefore, this innovative technological approach seems to be able to produce stable ingredients of easier manipulation with high technical characteristics which may be directly used as dietary supplements or enclosed as extra-functionalproducts in foods enhancing nutraceutical properties
Innovative dry powder formulations of flavonoids for pulmonary administration in cystic fibrosis
Full text linkNon-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug for pulmonary administration: Design and investigation of ketoprofen lysinate fine dry powders
No full textPulmonary inflammation is an important therapeutic target in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, aiming to limit and delay the lung damage. The purpose of the present research was to produce respirable engineered particles of ketoprofen lysinate, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug able to fight lung inflammatory status by direct administration to the site of action. Micronized drug powders containing leucine as dispersibility enhancer were prepared by co-spray drying the active compound and the excipient from water or hydro-alcoholic feeds. Microparticles were fully characterized in terms of process yield, particle size distribution, morphology and drug content. The ability of the drug to reach the deepest airways after aerosolization of spray-dried formulations was evaluated by Andersen cascade impactor, using the monodose DPI as device. In order to investigate the behaviour of the drug once in contact with lung fluid, an artificial CF mucus was prepared. Drug permeation properties were evaluated interposing the mucus layer between the drug and a synthetic membrane mounted in Franz-type diffusion cells. Finally, the effect of the engineered particles on vitality of human airway epithelial cells of patients homozygous for ΔF 508 CF (CuFi1) was studied and compared to that of raw active compound. Results indicated that powders engineering changed the diameter and shape of the particles, making them suitable for inhalation. The mucus layer in the donor compartment of vertical diffusion cells slowed down drug dissolution and permeation, leucine having no influence. Cell proliferation studies evidenced that the spray drying process together with the addition of leucine reduced the cytotoxic effect of ketoprofen lysine salt as raw material, making the ketoprofen lysinate DPI a very promising product for the inflammation control in CF patients
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