98 research outputs found
Infection with Mansonella perstans Nematodes in Buruli Ulcer Patients, Ghana.
No full textDuring August 2010-December 2012, we conducted a study of patients in Ghana who had Buruli ulcer, caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans, and found that 23% were co-infected with Mansonella perstans nematodes; 13% of controls also had M. perstans infection. M. perstans co-infection should be considered in the diagnosis and treatment of Buruli ulcer
Complicated appendicitis: experience from central region of Ghana
No full textBackground: Acute appendicitis is a common surgical abdominal emergency. The aim of this study is to determine the incidence, presentation and immediate outcome of acute appendicitis in a new teaching hospital in Cape Coast.Methods: All patients who had surgery for acute appendicitis at the central regional Hospital, cape coast from 1st January 2011 to 25th October 2012 were retrospectively reviewed.Results: During the study period five hundred and four emergency surgical operations were performed. Abdominal emergency operations constituted 81.5% of these emergencies (411/504). Seventy-seven patients who had appendicectomy during the period constituted 18.7% of all abdominal emergencies. Seventy-six of the patients had requisite details for analysis and form the basis of this study. Appendicitis was seen more in the second and third decades of life with male preponderance. Thirty-one (40.3%) had complicated appendicitis (perforated/ ruptured appendicitis and gangrenous appendix). Though appendicitis is uncommon in children less than ten years, more than 80% presented with complicated appendicitis. Only 6.6% of patients were 50 years and above and they all presented with complicated appendicitis. In male patient with appendicitis, 33.3% presented with complicated appendicitis while in females, 57.9% presented with complicated appendicitis. Two (2.6%) patients died in the immediate postoperative period. Conclusions: About one out of five patients who had emergency abdominal surgical operation had acute appendicitis with 40% of them presenting with complicated appendicitis. Complicated appendicitis is more common in females, children less than 10 years and patients 50 years and above. Immediate postoperative mortality is associated with ruptured appendix. </jats:p
Burst abdomen in pregnancy: A proposed management algorithm
No full textManagement of the burst abdomen is complex due to the co-morbidities associated with it. When coupled with intraabdominal sepsis and pregnancy, it becomes even more difficult due to the ethical issues that have to be considered when managing both mother and child. Due to the paucity of literature on this subject, a management algorithm has been proposed which aims at tackling this delicate issue. However, the major consideration in the management of these cases is that decisions are to be made based on optimization of the condition of the mother.Keywords: Burst abdomen, pregnancy, management, algorithm, intra-abdominal sepsi
Indications for emergency abdominal surgery in Cape Coast, Ghana
No full textBackground: Emergency abdominal surgery continues to form a major workload of the general surgeon. As a result of variation of causes, there is need to revisit and review the pattern of presentation, management and outcome. There had been previous studies from Korle Bu Teaching hospital and Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital both in Ghana, but this is from Cape Coast Teaching Hospital (CCTH), Central Region, Ghana. The objective is to determine the pattern of presentation and indications for surgery in patients who had emergency abdominal surgical operation in CCTH.Methods: All patients who had emergency abdominal surgical operations at the Cape Coast Teaching Hospital from 1st January 2011 to 25th October 2012 were retrospectively reviewed.Results: Four hundred and eleven patients had emergency abdominal operation over a period of 22 months. The mean age at presentation was 36.3 years (SD 19.3). Male to Female ratio was 2.3:1. Intestinal obstruction was the commonest indication for surgery followed by appendicitis and typhoid ileal perforation. Obstructed abdominal wall hernia was the commonest cause of intestinal obstruction.Conclusions: Early reporting in hospital and access to hernia repair will reduce the morbidity and mortality known to be associated with this condition.</jats:p
La féminité, une condamnation à l’inauthenticité? Retour sur la valeur des pratiques et des qualités tributaires de l’assignation des femmes au foyer dans Le deuxième sexe
No full textS’il a souvent été reproché à l’ouvrage Le deuxième sexe de Simone de Beauvoir de promouvoir l’assimilation des femmes aux hommes et l’abandon de leur féminité comme la condition de leur émancipation, l’autrice de cet article entend montrer que la critique beauvoirienne de la féminité n’exclut pas nécessairement la valorisation des qualités et des pratiques qu’elle recouvre. Après l’examen de valorisations du travail ménager et de l’immanence, respectivement proposées par Iris Marion Young et Debrah Bergoffen, l’autrice démontre que la force de l’évaluation beauvoirienne des qualités et des dispositions morales développées depuis des situations féminines, y compris lorsqu’elles sont positivement valorisées, est de ne jamais les distinguer de leur ancrage dans ces situations d’oppression. Elle met notamment en lumière la disposition paradoxale à l’authenticité de certaines femmes au foyer décrites dans Le deuxième sexe.While the book Le deuxième sexe of Simone de Beauvoir has often been criticized for promoting the assimilation of women to men and the abandonment of their femininity as a condition for their emancipation, the author of this article wants to show that the Beauvoirian critique of femininity does not necessarily exclude the valorization of some qualities and practices it encompasses. After examining the valorizations of housework and immanence, respectively proposed by Iris Marion Young and Debrah Bergoffen, the author shows that the strength of the Beauvoirian evaluation of moral qualities and dispositions developed from feminine situations, even when they are positively viewed, is to never distinguish them from their roots in such oppressive situations. In particular, she highlights Beauvoir’s recognition to certain housewives of a paradoxical disposition to authenticity.Si la obra El segundo sexo de Simone de Beauvoir ha sido criticada a menudo por promover la asimilación de la mujer al hombre y el abandono de su feminidad como condición de su emancipación, la autora de este artículo pretende mostrar que la crítica de Beauvoir a la feminidad no excluye necesariamente la valorización de las cualidades y prácticas que abarca. Después de examinar las valoraciones del trabajo doméstico y de la inmanencia, propuestas respectivamente por Iris Marion Young y Debrah Bergoffen, la autora demuestra que la fuerza de la valoración que hace Beauvoir de las cualidades y disposiciones morales desarrolladas a partir de situaciones femeninas, incluso entendidas cuando son valoradas positivamente, es de nunca distinguirlas de su anclaje en estas situaciones de opresión. En particular, destaca la paradójica disposición hacia la autenticidad de ciertas amas de casa descritas en El segundo sexo
An investigation of ingratiation as a career management strategy: evidence from Singapore
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Antecedents and outcomes of abusive supervision: Test of a trickle-down model.
No full textThe authors examined antecedents of abusive supervision and the relative importance of interactional and procedural justice as mediators of the relationship between abusive supervision and the work outcomes of affective organizational commitment and individual- and organization-directed citizenship behaviors. Data were obtained from subordinate-supervisor dyads from a telecommunication company located in southeastern China. Results of moderated regression analysis revealed that authoritarian leadership style moderated the relationship between supervisors' perceptions of interactional justice and abusive supervision such that the relationship was stronger for supervisors high rather than low in authoritarian leadership style. In addition, results of structural equation modeling analysis revealed that subordinates' perceptions of interactional but not procedural justice fully mediated the relationship between abusive supervision and the work outcomes. Implications for future investigations of abusive supervision are discussed
A pilot study to examine the feasibility of involving urban beauty salons and stylists in a social marketing campaign aimed at improving calcium consumption among low income, African-American and Hispanic children
No full textResearch has suggested that hair salons are potentially effective venues to implement health-promotion campaigns; and, salon stylists may be viable liaisons for providing the messages to the community. The focus of this thesis was to examine the involvement of the owners/managers and stylists from hair salons located in a low-income, urban community in the implementation of the Calcium: Select to Protect campaign, a campaign targeted toward African-American and/or Hispanic caregivers of young children. Further, it sought to evaluate possible explanations for the campaign's failure. Three realms of Socio-Ecological Model: the institutional/organizational realm (owners/managers), the interpersonal realm (stylists), and the individual realm (clients) were included in this investigation. Fourteen hair salons, their owners/managers (N=14), and their stylists (N=22), participated. Data pertaining to their demographics, motivating factors, community relationships and pertinent constructs of the Stage Theory of Organizational Change were evaluated. Twenty-two hair salon stylists were trained to disseminate the campaign information to their clients. The stylists' demographics, personal characteristics, interpersonal relationships with their clients, and additional information pertaining to the constructs of the Social Cognitive Theory were evaluated. Minimal information regarding the salon clients who did and did not recognize the campaign is presented. Results indicated that the owners/managers were more likely to institutionalize the campaign if they: were a child's caregiver, had perceived campaign implementation as easy, had perceived the campaign was effective, and had considered their participation to be good experience. Sponsoring a community event approached significance when correlated with their intent to institutionalize the campaign. With regard to the stylists, it was found that the campaign training increased their self efficacy and that campaign participation improved their behavioral capability. Descriptive data indicated that more of the clients who had recognized the material were males and that this group was younger than those clients who had not. In conclusion, hair salons and the stylists employed in them were not an effective means of promoting the Calcium: Select to Protect campaign in low-income, urban communities; however, additional research should be done to determine why, and to test multiple methods for improving these outcomes.M.S.Includes bibliographical references (p. 204-210)
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