1,720,954 research outputs found
Complex Social Systems: Emergent Phenomena, Social Contagions, and Opinion Consensus
Get PDFThe study of opinion dynamics provides useful insights into large-scale trends in the formation and evolution of opinions in social networks and acts as a platform for rich dynamical behavior. The increased use of online social media, which allows for the rapid dissemination of information throughout a social network, makes the field more important than ever today. In particular, topics such as the propagation of false information and the formation of echo chambers and radicalized communities are relevant in today's social climate. In this Thesis I will present my research in the fields of opinion dynamics and social contagion theory. First, I discuss my work on a binary opinion model on hypergraphs where both individual agents and groups of 3 agents have opinions that evolve both through dyadic (i.e., pairwise) interactions and group memberships. This model contains parameter regimes with oscillatory and excitable dynamics that are highly sensitive to the structure of the underlying hypergraph. Second, I discuss my work on the spread of two competing beliefs in a social network where individuals have an internal opinion models their cognitive biases and modulates their likelihood of adopting one of the two beliefs. The addition of cognitive biases in the spreading process enriches its transient dynamics, facilitating behavior such as the revival of a dying belief and the overturning of an initially widespread opinion. The model is also studied with the presence of external recruitment of spreaders to examine how the intentional spread of information can lead to the eventual dominance of one of the two beliefs. Lastly, I discuss my ongoing work on the social compass model, a model of opinion depolarization. Particularly, I apply the Ott-Antonsen ansatz to successfully produce a low-dimensional description of the dynamics and study the onset of consensus for a large class of distributions of initial opinions. I also study a generalization of the model that includes community structure and external forcing.</p
Complex Social Systems: Emergent Phenomena, Social Contagions, and Opinion Consensus
Get PDFThe study of opinion dynamics provides useful insights into large-scale trends in the formation and evolution of opinions in social networks and acts as a platform for rich dynamical behavior. The increased use of online social media, which allows for the rapid dissemination of information throughout a social network, makes the field more important than ever today. In particular, topics such as the propagation of false information and the formation of echo chambers and radicalized communities are relevant in today's social climate. In this Thesis I will present my research in the fields of opinion dynamics and social contagion theory. First, I discuss my work on a binary opinion model on hypergraphs where both individual agents and groups of 3 agents have opinions that evolve both through dyadic (i.e., pairwise) interactions and group memberships. This model contains parameter regimes with oscillatory and excitable dynamics that are highly sensitive to the structure of the underlying hypergraph. Second, I discuss my work on the spread of two competing beliefs in a social network where individuals have an internal opinion models their cognitive biases and modulates their likelihood of adopting one of the two beliefs. The addition of cognitive biases in the spreading process enriches its transient dynamics, facilitating behavior such as the revival of a dying belief and the overturning of an initially widespread opinion. The model is also studied with the presence of external recruitment of spreaders to examine how the intentional spread of information can lead to the eventual dominance of one of the two beliefs. Lastly, I discuss my ongoing work on the social compass model, a model of opinion depolarization. Particularly, I apply the Ott-Antonsen ansatz to successfully produce a low-dimensional description of the dynamics and study the onset of consensus for a large class of distributions of initial opinions. I also study a generalization of the model that includes community structure and external forcing.</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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