111,862 research outputs found
Robert Mabro et Samir Radwan, The Industrialisation of Egypt, 1939-1973 : Policy and performance
No full textCahn Roger H. Robert Mabro et Samir Radwan, The Industrialisation of Egypt, 1939-1973 : Policy and performance. In: Tiers-Monde, tome 18, n°70, 1977. p. 453
Values congruence and commitment: throwing the role of psychological climate into the mix
No full textStudying the fit between employees and their organisations and the individual and organisational outcomes of this congruence has been an interesting topic for researchers over the past decades. However, the literature does not adequately address how this fit affects other organisational attitudes – in particular organisational commitment. In this study, a theory on the mechanism by which employees’ perception of person-organisation values fit impacts their affective organisational commitment and how this is impacted by their perceptions of the psychological climate is offered. Moreover, the study contributes to the literature through applying the Latent Congruence Model (LCM) developed by Cheung (2009a).Accordingly, all the hypotheses that pertain to values congruence, psychological climate and affective organisational commitment are simultaneously tested, controlling for the measurement errors. This SEM approach could be a useful analysis tool, especially as we know that, according to the simulation study of Cheung and Lau (2008), the bias in regression coefficients due to measurement error using path analysis may exceed 16% on average. Therefore, studying congruence under the frame of SEM in turn increases the accuracy and the significance of the congruence-related studies. The study was conducted in an Egyptian medium-sized textile organisation (N = 223). The results of the study supported the hypotheses that there would be positive relationships between affective organisational commitment and both perceived person-organisation values fit and psychological climate. Moreover, perceived person-organisation values fit demonstrated a positive impact on psychological climate. Importantly, psychological climate mediated the relationship between perceived person-organisation values fit and affective organisational commitment. The implications of these findings and directions for future research are discussed
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Design and application of damped machine elements
No full textThesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1998.Includes bibliographical references (p. 165-168).by Samir A. Nayfeh.Ph.D
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Byzantine Consensus with Local Multicast Channels
No full textByzantine consensus is a classical problem in distributed computing. Each node in a synchronous system starts with a binary input. The goal is to reach agreement in the presence of Byzantine faulty nodes. We consider the setting where communication between nodes is modelled via an undirected communication graph. In the classical point-to-point communication model all messages sent on an edge are private between the two endpoints of the edge. This allows a faulty node to equivocate, i.e., lie differently to its different neighbors. Different models have been proposed in the literature that weaken equivocation. In the local broadcast model, every message transmitted by a node is received identically and correctly by all of its neighbors. In the hypergraph model, every message transmitted by a node on a hyperedge is received identically and correctly by all nodes on the hyperedge. Tight network conditions are known for each of the three cases.
We introduce a more general model that encompasses all three of these models. In the local multicast model, each node u has one or more local multicast channels. Each channel consists of multiple neighbors of u in the communication graph. When node u sends a message on a channel, it is received identically by all of its neighbors on the channel. For this model, we identify tight network conditions for consensus. We observe how the local multicast model reduces to each of the three models above under specific conditions. In each of the three cases, we relate our network condition to the corresponding known tight conditions. The local multicast model also encompasses other practical network models of interest that have not been explored previously, as elaborated in the paper
Questions d'intuition
No full textSamir Bajric : Linguistic analysis of intuition.
This paper deals with the linguistic analysis of intuition (the immediate understanding of something without conscious reasoning or study). The theoretical framework is Gustave Guillaume's psychomechanics of language and mental approaches in the linguistics. However, the greatest influence of philosophy upon this topic is found in L. Wittgenstein's and H. Bergson's works.
This is done by observing a great number of circumstances within the context of the intuitive understanding and statement. Three main issues are discussed : intuition of statement, heunstic intuition and analogical intuition. In cases where the (strictly) grammatical patterns have not been preserved, the intuitive approach has been identified.Bajrić Samir. Questions d'intuition. In: Langue française, n°147, 2005. La langue française au prisme de la psychomécanique du langage. Héritages, hypothèses et controverses, sous la direction de Olivier Soutet. pp. 7-18
STRATEGI GURU DALAM MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MATEMATIKA DI SDI AL HIDAYAH SAMIR NGUNUT
No full textABSTRAK
Skripsi dengan judul “Strategi Guru Dalam Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep
Matematika Di SDI Al Hidayah Samir Ngunut” ini ditulis oleh Asmaul Husna,
NIM. 17205153111, pembimbing Prof. Dr. H. Imam Fuadi, M. Ag.
Kata Kunci: Strategi Guru, Pemahaman Konsep Matematika
Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh fenomena yang masih banyak terjadi
pada perkembangan pendidikan siswa sekolah dasar yaitu kesulitan dalam
pelajaran matematika. Sulitnya pembelajaran matematika pada diri anak
disebabkan oleh proses pembelajaran yang kurang tepat sehingga mengakibatkan
anak tidak memiliki minat dan keinginan untuk mempelajari dengan baik
pelajaran tersebut. Mengingat pembelajaran matematika sangat penting dengan
kehidupan sosial anak, diharapkan mereka tahu pemahaman konsep dasar
matematika untuk menunjang pembelajaran pembelajaran berikutnya.
Fokus penelitian dalam skripsi ini adalaah strategi guru dalam
meningkatkan pemahaman konsep matematika melalui alat peraga edukatif.
Sehingga pertanyaan penelitian dalam skripsi ini adalah (1) Bagaimana
perencanaan guru dalam meningkatkan pemahaman konsep matematika melalui
alat peraga edukatif di SDI Al Hidayah Samir Ngunut? (2) Bagaimana
implementasi guru dalam meningkatkan pemahaman konsep matematika melalui
alat peraga edukatif di SDI Al Hidayah Samir Ngunut? (3) Bagaimana hasil
pemahaman konsep matematika siswa dalam pembelajaran matematika melalui
alat peraga edukatif di SDI Al Hidayah Samir Ngunut? Adapun yang menjadi
tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) Untuk mengetahui perencanaan guru dalam
meningkatkan pemahaman konsep matematika melalui alat peraga edukatif di SDI
Al Hidayah Samir Ngunut. (2) Untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan pembelajaran
matematika melalui alat peraga edukatif di SDI Al Hidayah Samir Ngunut. (3)
Untuk mengetahui hasil pemahaman konsep matematika siswa dalam
pembelajaran matematika melalui alat peraga edukatif di SDI Al-Hidayah Samir
Ngunut.
Skripsi ini bermanfaat bagi SDI Al Hidayah Samir Ngunut dan juga
lembaga lain sebagai bahan masukan atau pertimbangan utamanya dalam
mengembangkan pembelajaran matematika melalui alat peraga edukatif, bagi
pendidik SDI Al Hidayah Samir Ngunut sebagai masukan untuk menemukan
strategi pembelajaran yang lebih baik utamanya strategi pembelajaran
peningkatan kemampuan berpikir, bagi siswa SDI Al Hidayah Samir Ngunut
sebagai masukan mengenai pentingnya memahami konsep dasar matematika,
karena matematika merupakan ilmu dasar dari ilm-ilmu yang lainnya, bagi
peneliti selanjutnya digunakan sebagai pengkajian lanjut terkait strategi guru
dalam meningkatkan pemahaman konsep matematika.
Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik
pengumpulan data dengan observasi, tes tulis, wawancara, dan dokumetasi.
Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan teknik observasi partisipan (participant
observation) guna mengetahui, menelaah, menggambarkan situasi yang ada di
SDI Al Hidayah Samir terkait strategi guru dalam meningkatkan pemahaman
konsep matematika di sekolah. Wawancara mendalam digunakan untuk
mengetahui informasi tentang strategi seperti apa yang digunakan untuk
meningkatkan pemahaman konsep siswa pada pembelajaran matematika melalui
wawancara kepala sekolah, guru kelas V dan juga beberapa siswa. Kemudian
dokumentasi digunakan sebagai bukti adanya penelitian. Tes tulis digunakan
sebagai bukti sejauh mana anak paham dengan pembelajaran matematika.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Perencanaan guru dalam
meningkatkan pemahaman konsep matematika siswa melalui alat peraga edukatif
ini dilakukan dengan mulai dari mempersiapkan alat peraga matematika dengan
sebaik mungkin, menggunakan strategi pembelajaran peningkatan kemampuan
berpikir dalam mengembangkan pembelajaran, serta penanaman pemahaman pada
diri pendidik terkait materi yang harus diajarkan sehingga sebelum guru mampu
memahamkan siswanya, kunci dari keberhasilan pendidik dalam mengajar ialah
terlebih harus memahamkan dirinya sendiri. (2) Implementasi guru dalam
meningkatkan pemahaman konsep matematika melalui alat peraga edukatif terjadi
pada kegiatan inti. Ada tiga tahapan dalam pembelajaran yaitu kegiatan
pendahuluan, kegiatan inti, dan kegiatan penutup. Penerapan dari strategi
pembelajaran peningkatan kemampuan berpikir tersebut terjadi pada tahapan inti
yang mana guru membiarkan siswa untuk mengemukakan ide-ide atau konsep
yang ditemuinya saat pembelajaran berlangsung. Dari ide-ide tersebut guru
bersama siswa meluruskan penemuan-penemuan dan bersama-sama memecahkan
suatu permasalahan sehingga menemukan sebuah kesimpulan. (3) Hasil dari
implementasi guru dalam meningkatkan pemahaman konsep matematika melalui
alat peraga edukatif ini sangat jelas bahwa anak akan lebih bisa menerima
pembelajaran dengan sangat baik ketika meggunakan media yang bersifat konkrit.
Dengan bantuan alat peraga tersebut, siswa mampu menjelaskan bagaimana
konsep atau ide dari suatu bahan ajar. Kenyataan bahwa mereka mampu
menyelesaikan suatu persoalan secara abstrak dari pembelajaran yang konkrit ini
menunjukkan tahap berpikir mereka sudah mencapai tingkat pemahaman
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
The construction of Karen Karnak: The multi-author-function
No full textThis thesis is situated within the comparatively recent developments of Web 2.0 and the emergence of interactive WikiMedia, and explores the mode of authorship within a Read/Write culture compared to that of a Read/Only tradition. The hypothesis of this study is that the role of the audience has become merged with the author, and as such, represents new functions and attributes, distinct from a more conventional concept of authorship, in which the roles of audience and author are more separate. Read/Write and participatory culture, as defined by this study, is focused on collaboration, and includes the influences of D.I.Y. culture, Open-Source practices and the production of text by multiple authors. Multi-authorship presents a re-thinking of several concepts which support the notion of the individual author, since the focus of multi-authorship is not on attribution and ownership of a finished text, but on the continued malleability of a text. Modes of multi-authorship, demonstrated in the use of the pseudonyms Alan Smithee and Karen Eliot, represent declarative authors whose names signify multiple origins, whilst concurrently indicating a distinct body of work. The function of these names form an important context to this study, since primary research involves the construction of an experimental mode of multi-authorship utilising WikiMedia technology and the interaction of thirty nine participants, who are invited to create a body of work under the collective pseudonym Karen Karnak. The data generated by this experiment is analysed using aspects of Michel Foucault's author-function to identify and determine power structures inherent in the WikiMedia context. The interplay of power structures, including concepts such as identity, ownership and the body of work, affect the resulting mode of authorship and contribute to the construction of Karen Karnak, suggesting further areas of research into the emerging multi-author
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