21 research outputs found
Effect of Biopesticids in Controlling Leaf Curl Virus of Chilli
No full textThe experiment was conducted in the field laboratory of Spices Research Center, BARI, Shibganj, Bogra, Bangladesh during Rabi season of 2014-15 to find out the effect of biopesticides in controlling vector as well as leaf curl virus of chilli. The maximum infected plants (26.85%) were recorded in untreated control and the minimum infected plants (14.75%) were in Malathion (0.2%) which was statistically identical to all other biopesticides except cow urine (1:2). The highest disease reduction (45.13%) over untreated control was obtained from Malathion (0.2%) followed by cow urine (1:1) and neem leaf extract (1:2), and the lowest (26.37%) was obtained from cow milk (1:2). The highest yield (18.33 t/ha) was recorded in Malathion (0.2%) and the lowest (11.28 t/ha) was recorded in untreated control. All the biopesticides resulted least disease incidence and more yield compared to control. Among the biopesticides, cow urine (1:1), cow milk (1:1) and neem extract (1:2) showed comparatively better results against control. So, Melathion or biopesticides, cow urine (1:1), cow milk (1:1) and neem leaf extract (1:2) may be sprayed for controlling vector as well as leaf curl virus and increasing yield of chilli
“They’re a Girl So Don’t Expect Too Much”: The Marginalisation of Women in Esports Videogames
No full textIn this chapter we discuss and consider extant research on women working within the esports gaming sphere and draw on the personal views, experiences, and observations of the second author, who is a gamer and streamer within the team-based videogame ‘League of Legends’. We present the findings of a small-scale qualitative study, which explored the lived experiences of female League of Legend gamers. It was revealed, that despite increasing female participation in esports, patriarchal gendered stereotypes persist and are enabled by the anonymity afforded to online viewers. We call for further in-depth qualitative research to explore the views and experiences of female gamers and consider how, and in what ways, female gamers can empower themselves to challenge and counter the dominant masculine hegemony
Finite element analysis of container ship’s cargo hold using ANSYS and POSEIDON software
No full textChallenges in Implementing Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe®) in Global Organizations: A Managerial Perspective
No full textABSTRACT:
In this era, Agile methodology has had a great impact on project management. Initially, Agile methodology was designed for small companies, but the features like continuous improvement, delivering the best results within a short cycle of time, and leading by example inspired large companies to transform to Agile from traditional methods. The Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe®) has become the most popular model for scaling agile. However, organizations that are already habituated to traditional methods find transformation to the Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe®) challenging for those companies.
The main goal of this research is to find out the key challenges during the implementation of the Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe®) in global organizations and the strategies managers use to overcome those challenges. This research follows a qualitative case study to identify the challenges managers face and also focuses on the strategies managers have applied to solve those problems.
The author used semi-structured interviews to collect data; all interviewees have working experience with the Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe®), and all of them hold leadership positions. A total of four interviews were conducted, and all interviewees received the research topic and questions before the interview. Data analysis was done by the inductive thematic analysis approach. The result of the study shows that the implementation of the Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe®) in a global organization is not easy; managers are facing many difficulties due to this transformation, but the thing is that they have applied various strategies to overcome those issues.
All interviews provided information about challenges and strategies; this study highlights key findings, such as managers face challenges like partial adoption of SAFe® in one organization, resistance to change, communication gaps, and lack of training, and leaders also share effective strategies such as practicing leadership style, improving communications, providing proper training and engaging stakeholders at the early stage of SAFe® transformation. These beneficial insights from managers give instructions for the successful implementation of SAFe®. At the end of the research, suggestions to improve future research are included
Picosecond ultrasonics for elasticity-based imaging and characterization of biological cells
No full text© 2020 Author(s). Characterization of the elasticity of biological cells is growing as a new way to gain insight into cell biology. Cell mechanics are related to most aspects of cellular behavior, and applications in research and medicine are broad. Current methods are often limited since they require physical contact or lack resolution. From the methods available for the characterization of elasticity, those relying on high frequency ultrasound (phonons) are the most promising because they offer label-free, high (even super-optical) resolution and compatibility with conventional optical microscopes. In this Perspective contribution, we review the state of the art of picosecond ultrasonics for cell imaging and characterization, particularly for Brillouin scattering-based methods, offering an opinion for the challenges faced by the technology. The challenges are separated into biocompatibility, acquisition speed, resolution, and data interpretation and are discussed in detail along with new results
Comparative analysis of emission characteristics and noise test of an I.C. engine using different biodiesel blends
No full textSoft skill elements in structured clinical nursing assessment for undergraduate nursing students: a systematic review
No full textThis systematic review aimed to appraise and synthesize the available evidence that examines the soft skill elements in clinical nursing assessment for undergraduate nursing students. This systematic review also is in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Relevant studies were identified based on the inclusion criteria with language filters but were limited to articles published from January 2000to March 2019. Tw o reviewers independently conducted the quality assessment, data extraction, and analysis on all included studies. A total of 17 articles were included in this review. Studies showed that without developing adequate soft skill elements in the clinical skill assessment, students are graduating unprepared to be successful in the workplace. There is a need to consider and adopt soft skill elements in clinical skill assessment to improve the quality of nursing graduates and ultimately to create a positive impact on patient outcomes
An aptamer ligand based liposomal nanocarrier system that targets tumor endothelial cells
No full textThe objective of this study was to construct our recently developed aptamer-modified targeted liposome nano-carrier (Apt-PEG-LPs) system to target primary cultured mouse tumor endothelial cells (mTEC), both in vitro and in vivo. We first synthesized an aptamer-polyethylene glycol 2000-distearoyl phosphoethanolamine (Apt-PEG(2000)-DSPE). The conjugation of the Apt-PEG(2000)-DSPE was confirmed by MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy. A lipid hydration method was used to prepare Apt-PEG-LPs, in which the outer surface of the PEG-spacer was decorated with the aptamer. Apt-PEG-LPs were significantly taken up by mTECs. Cellular uptake capacity was observed both quantitatively and qualitatively using spectrofluorometry, and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), respectively. In examining the extent of localization of aptamer-modified liposomes that entered the cells, approximately 39% of the Apt-PEG-LPs were not co-localized with lysotracker, indicating that they had escaped from endosomes. The uptake route involved a receptor mediated pathway, followed by clathrin mediated endocytosis. This Apt-PEG-LP was also applied for in vivo research whether this system could target tumor endothelial cells. Apt-PEG-LP and PEG(5000)-DSPE modified Apt-PEG-LP (Apt/PEG(5000)-LP) were investigated by human renal cell carcinoma (OS-RC-2 cells) inoculating mice using CLSM. Apt-PEG-LP and Apt/PEG(5000)-LP showed higher accumulation on tumor vasculature compared to PEG-LP and the co-localization efficacy of Apt-PEG-LP and Apt/PEG(5000)-LP on TEC were quantified 16% and 25% respectively, which was also better than PEG-LP (3%). The findings suggest that this system is considerable promise for targeting tumor endothelial cells to deliver drugs or genes in vitro and in vivo. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Contexts and Opportunities of e-Health Technology in Medical Care
No full textKeeping up with a sound health is a fundamental right for the human beings. It also acts as an indicator of the socio-economic development of a country. However, nowadays keeping sound health is challenging because of rapidly increasing non-communicable diseases. Concurrently, we are on the edge of very fast technological advancement which includes usage of cellular technology, high-speed internet and wireless communications. These technologies and their unique applications are creating lots of new dimensions in health care system which is known as e-Health. The medical call centers, emergency toll-free telephone services are being used in all over the world. The newly developed electronic health system can play a vital role in the remote regions of emerging and developing countries although sometimes it seems difficult due to the lack of communication infrastructure. E-Health can be a promising aspect for providing public health benefits if it integrates with the conventional medical system. More strategic approaches are necessary for the planning, development, and evaluation of e-Health. This article is written to depict the existing and future opportunities of e-Health in health support system.
Keywords: e-Health, Health-Care.
Introduction
Technology has come forth as a thrust to make life easier in our day to day life. Transformation of technology in the medical sector has emerged through different platforms i.e. e-Health, m-Health, and Telemedicine. E-Health technology can be used to disseminate health-related information or services among the health care providers, patients, and clinics. Across-the-board, e-Health is a segment of health informatics which includes m-Health and telemedicine [1]. Due to widespread availability, the wireless connection equipped with a mobile phone has turned the process of communication faster for the patients who also increased the health care utilization. Mobile technology is enabled to provide the remote monitoring benefits for the patients who are restricted in mobility but needs continuous intervention from clinics. It can increase the probabilities to avoid emergency condition by detecting his/her vital signs and bio-signals. Comprehensive studies are taking place in the field of healthcare to discover new devices and create applications suited for clinical practices. The ultimate goal of eHealth is to ensure a rationalize treatment for all group of patients and to improve patient safety and disease outcomes [2]. The aim of this write-up is to briefly discuss the present and future applications of e-Health technology in health care.
Implications of e-Health on Medical Science
Currently, the world is experiencing a significant rise of smartphone users, claiming the figure is to be around 8.5 billion globally [3]. The mobile phone has become an indispensable part of our everyday life. Therefore, any health-related intervention through mobile application demands high chance of acceptability among the user. Global Positioning System (GPS), short message services (SMS) and video conferencing through WLAN/GPRS/3G network to locate a patient who needs immediate support are available. In contrast, the patient can determine his/her physical condition by understanding self-bio-signal and can take a decision of when to go for doctor’s consultancy. Chronic diseases are the most common causes of death around the world [4]. The traditional system of episodic care in the clinic and hospital-based has found not to be enough to overcome chronic diseases [5]. For example, an integrated care installed within a device can offer the COPD patients to approach into a self-management; thus promoting the patient to accept prior treatment [6]. According to World Health Organization, increased adherence to medication can support the patients with chronic disease to live in a better way. Therefore, there are areas where the application of e-Health technology is feasible and needs to be implemented to increase patient compliance and treatment adherence.
Telemedicine is the oldest form of eHealth which was introduced in the 1920s. After the remarkable success of health informatics in providing patient care, the rapid expansion of eHealth technology went forth during the 20th century [2]. As most of the e-Health technology is based on the application of electronic communication, it has found to be acted in remote regions [7]. Hence, e-Health can be used as a vital tool in responding the post-disaster emergency to counter human loss [8]. For example, telemedicine and telehealth have been successfully used recently in the aftermath of Hurricanes Katrina and Ike in USA [9]. International investment to build up e-Health technology for this country has abruptly increased as well. Countries like England and USA have invested a significant amount of money to build up Information Technology (e-Health) to provide Health Service for its population [10].
Application of mobile devices and apps in medical care
Technologically equipped cellular interventions are widely accepted in healthcare to deliver quality services [11]. For example, m-Health is providing different health interventions (preventive, promotive, and rehabilitative care) among all people [12]. m-Health in the form of cellular communication is becoming popular among all group of people due to its handy, reliable and easy features [13]. Text messaging or short message service (SMS) have ensured broad coverage in developing countries due to its low price which facilitates the process of accessibility. It can also receive instant feedback from the target group and give them prompt feedback in case of an emergency [14]. Therefore, text messaging and phone calling offer a possible channel to render health behavior changing communications among the people [14]. For example, during the pregnancy period, advanced communication over the telephone can motivate the mothers to seek proper health care [15]. Phone call intervention can solve problems related to illiteracy or limited understanding of language barrier. In the case of inability of the patient’s to answer the call, a voice message (recorded) service can also play the alternate role. M-health can also be introduced in Maternal and Child health care, HIV/AIDS, Malaria, Tuberculosis and many other diseases [9]. Health care professionals are using mobile devices and applications (figure 1) in the way of information management, time management, health record maintenance, consultation, clinical decision making, patient monitoring, medical education, and training to support the entire health system [16]. For example, one study from rural Bangladesh found that child mortality can be decreased significantly by introducing the pulse oximeter in primary health care [17].
Figure 1: Mobile devices and their applications for health workers
*(Source: Ventola. 2014)
The most frequently reported types of m-Health initiatives are health call centers, mobile help lines, and toll-free telephone services. Telehealth offers several benefits to the patients. Utilization of telehealth can increase the access to health services, enhance provision of health education by providing cost-effective intervention [18]. Another study showed that video conferencing technology might be a cheaper and less time-consuming solution compared to traditional regular health care visits [19]. Integrating telehealth with the healthcare institution's electronic database can reduce resource usage and also can improve treatment compliance for the people who are homebound and disable [20]. Therefore, the patient can found themselves safe and maintain a secured life by utilizing different devices which enable them to be prepared in emergency condition as well.
Implementation of e-Health technology in Major scale
Electronic and internet-based data transmission, data storage, data safety and confidentiality issues will become the major concern in upcoming years. Moreover, applications of all technologies have limitations, and they are not designed to provide their benefits under every circumstance. For example, most of the health monitoring software runs on the user's smartphone and analyses the data received from the sensors. For the younger generation, using such software can be a natural choice. However, it can be complicated and a challenged phenomenon for the more elderly population. Universal health care is essential, and it needs to be implemented in developing countries [21]. Implementation of e-Health has the potential to cover the health need of rural people. Although providing the real-time data can be a challenge for those who are in need of monitoring devices. Maintenance and expert handling to operate these devices can be somehow cumbersome as well.
e-Health is an umbrella term that combines healthcare and technology to support people in a more efficient way, and it can also reduce health-related costs. Some developed countries who have been implementing health-related interventions, they always consider eHealth to be of top priority. However, the fruitful application of eHealth depends upon the multidisciplinary approaches [2]. Teams must have the necessary expertise for the understanding of specific eHealth project (figure 2). The team includes scientists, physicians, nurses, pharmacists, information technology expert, policy makers as well as the patients [22]. However, there is a great promise that implementing eHealth can improve the total health care system in both developed and developing countries. eHealth is called to be an end-to-end process and is adapted to use under all circumference.
Figure 2: Future multidimensional approach of e-Health
*(Source: Van Rooij. 2016)
Therefore, we can take the benefit of e-Health by using its’ different platform. Under all circumstances from birth registration to death registries, screening to follow-up, emergency intervention to homecare e-Health technology can be used as a vital tool [3]. Clinical Decision Support Systems refers to the computer architecture of specific software apps which can provide Clinical Decision Support (CDS) to the patient. In future, CDS will assist healthcare providers to take accurate decisions by providing rapid and efficient access to relevant medical data [2] and will be able to improve the health infrastructure. Thus, it might help a lot to reduce the treatment cost and give better services to the patients. However, there are many obstacles and challenges for the development, implementation, adoption and acceptance of CDSS which can be the future opportunity to research.
Conclusion
e-Health can be considered to be a promising vehicle for health care provision. More strategic approaches are necessary for the planning, development, and implementation of m-Health. International and national health organizations should focus more on the improvement of e-health technology to make it adapted for the benefits of patients. However, m-Health should not be considered as an ultimate remedy to increase the coverage of health care delivery. It should go side by side along with regular clinical visit and follow-up practices. Finally, new and uprising eHealth technologies have huge potential to bridge the gaps between patient and healthcare support providers. Incorporating technology into the medical care can ensure patient-centered health care system.
Competing interests
The author declare that no competing interests exist.
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How to Cite
Zaman, S., Hossain, N., Ahammed, S., & Ahmed, Z. (2017). Contexts and Opportunities of e-Health Technology in Medical Care. Journal Of Medical Research And Innovation, 1(2). Retrieved from http://jmri.org.in/index.php/jmri/article/view/6
Author's personal copy Diffusion Tensor Imaging of Sports-Related Concussion in Adolescents
No full textabstract Concussion is among the least understood neurologic injuries. The impact of concussion on the adolescent brain remains largely unknown. This study sought to establish short-term changes in white-matter integrity after sports-related concussion in adolescents, and examine the association between changes in white-matter integrity and a clinical measure of concussion. Twelve adolescents, aged 14-17 years with a sports-related concussion within 2 months, and 10 age-matched adolescents with no history of concussion were evaluated with the Sports Concussion Assessment Tool 2 and diffusion tensor imaging. Two measures compared the two groups: fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity. Whole-brain fractional anisotropy values significantly increased (F(1,40) ¼ 6.29, P ¼ 0.010), and mean diffusivity values decreased (F(1,40) ¼ 4.75, P ¼ 0.036), in concussed athletes compared with control participants. Total scores on the Sports Concussion Assessment Tool 2 were associated with whole-brain fractional anisotropy. Mean diffusivity values with lower scores were associated with higher fractional anisotropy (R 2 ¼ 0.25, P ¼ 0.017) and lower mean diffusivity (R 2 ¼ 0.20, P ¼ 0.038). We provide evidence of structural changes in the integrity of white matter in adolescent athletes after sports-related concussion
