41 research outputs found
Archeologisch Bureauonderzoek. OS Apeldoorn - ZP de Kar, gemeenten Apeldoorn en Voorst.
No full textArcheologisch bureauonderzoek naar de aanwezigheid van bekende en verwachte archeologische waarden ter plaatse van een tracé tussen OS Apeldoorn – ZP de Kar, gemeenten Apeldoorn en Voorst
Archeologisch Bureauonderzoek. De Molenbuurt, Alkmaar.
No full textOp basis van het uitgevoerde bureauonderzoek kan gesteld worden dat binnen het plangebied een middelhoge tot hoge kans bestaat op de aanwezigheid van archeologische waarden uit de periode van de Bronstijd tot en met de Nieuwe Tijd. Indien aanwezig zullen deze vooral bestaan uit sporen van landgebruik (ploegsporen, waterputten) op het niveau van de strandwal en de ‘Oude Duinen’ en ophogingslagen, funderingen, wegverharding, aardewerk en bouwmateriaal dat zich dicht onder het maaiveld kan bevinden. Het plangebied is door de eeuwen heen aan veel veranderingen onderhevig geweest waarbij de natuurlijke bodemopbouw deels of grotendeels is verstoord. De mate en diepte van deze verstoringen zijn echter op basis van een bureauonderzoek niet vast te stellen.
Het advies ten aanzien van eventueel archeologisch vervolgonderzoek in het plangebied Molenbuurt is sterk afhankelijk van de exacte aard, locatie, omvang en diepte van alle geplande graafwerkzaamheden. Op basis van de op dit moment beschikbare informatie ten aanzien van de graafwerkzaamheden adviseren wij, na analyse van het bronnenmateriaal, archeologisch vervolgonderzoek in de vorm van een archeologische begeleiding bij alle graafwerkzaamheden dieper dan 20 cm -MV.
Wanneer voorafgaand aan de graafwerkzaamheden exact duidelijk is op welke locaties, in welke omvang en tot op welke diepte gegraven zal worden, adviseren wij voorafgaand aan de werkzaamheden een verkennend booronderzoek te laten doen, om binnen het plangebied plaatselijk meer duidelijkheid te krijgen over de bodemopbouw; mate en aard van eventuele verstoringen, aanwezigheid veenlaag, diepte niveau strandwal, ‘Oude Duinen’. Op basis van dit onderzoek kan de archeologische begeleiding dan eventueel worden afgeschaald.
Bovenstaande aanbevelingen zijn op 29-6-2020 overgenomen door het Bevoegd Gezag (Gemeente Alkmaar)
Archeologisch Bureauonderzoek. De Molenbuurt, Alkmaar.
No full textOp basis van het uitgevoerde bureauonderzoek kan gesteld worden dat binnen het plangebied een middelhoge tot hoge kans bestaat op de aanwezigheid van archeologische waarden uit de periode van de Bronstijd tot en met de Nieuwe Tijd. Indien aanwezig zullen deze vooral bestaan uit sporen van landgebruik (ploegsporen, waterputten) op het niveau van de strandwal en de ‘Oude Duinen’ en ophogingslagen, funderingen, wegverharding, aardewerk en bouwmateriaal dat zich dicht onder het maaiveld kan bevinden. Het plangebied is door de eeuwen heen aan veel veranderingen onderhevig geweest waarbij de natuurlijke bodemopbouw deels of grotendeels is verstoord. De mate en diepte van deze verstoringen zijn echter op basis van een bureauonderzoek niet vast te stellen.
Het advies ten aanzien van eventueel archeologisch vervolgonderzoek in het plangebied Molenbuurt is sterk afhankelijk van de exacte aard, locatie, omvang en diepte van alle geplande graafwerkzaamheden. Op basis van de op dit moment beschikbare informatie ten aanzien van de graafwerkzaamheden adviseren wij, na analyse van het bronnenmateriaal, archeologisch vervolgonderzoek in de vorm van een archeologische begeleiding bij alle graafwerkzaamheden dieper dan 20 cm -MV.
Wanneer voorafgaand aan de graafwerkzaamheden exact duidelijk is op welke locaties, in welke omvang en tot op welke diepte gegraven zal worden, adviseren wij voorafgaand aan de werkzaamheden een verkennend booronderzoek te laten doen, om binnen het plangebied plaatselijk meer duidelijkheid te krijgen over de bodemopbouw; mate en aard van eventuele verstoringen, aanwezigheid veenlaag, diepte niveau strandwal, ‘Oude Duinen’. Op basis van dit onderzoek kan de archeologische begeleiding dan eventueel worden afgeschaald.
Bovenstaande aanbevelingen zijn op 29-6-2020 overgenomen door het Bevoegd Gezag (Gemeente Alkmaar)
Archeologisch Bureauonderzoek. OS Apeldoorn - ZP de Kar, gemeenten Apeldoorn en Voorst.
No full textArcheologisch bureauonderzoek naar de aanwezigheid van bekende en verwachte archeologische waarden ter plaatse van een tracé tussen OS Apeldoorn – ZP de Kar, gemeenten Apeldoorn en Voorst
Archeologisch Bureauonderzoek. OS Apeldoorn - ZP de Kar, gemeenten Apeldoorn en Voorst.
No full textArcheologisch bureauonderzoek naar de aanwezigheid van bekende en verwachte archeologische waarden ter plaatse van een tracé tussen OS Apeldoorn – ZP de Kar, gemeenten Apeldoorn en Voorst
T&A Survey
No full textArcheologische bureauonderzoek naar de aanwezigheid van bekende en verwachte archeologische waarden ter plaatse van Amsterdamseweg 40, gemeente Amstelveen
Presenting and predicating lower events
No full textThe effects of different forms of predication have been insightfully (and almost exclusively) studied for 'simple' cases of predication, of which the 'presentational sentence' is maybe the paradigm instantiation. It is the aim of this paper to show that thc same kind of effects as well as in fact the same kind of structures are present at embedded levels in thematically and otherwise more complex structures. Beyond presentational sentences, 'unaccusative' experiencing constructions involving a dative subject, 'double object constructions' and - to a lesser extent - spraylload constructions are discussed. For all of these, it is argued that they comprise a predication encoding the ascription of a transient temporal property to a location. On this basis, a proposal is made as to how the scope asymmetry between the two arguments involved in the colistructions can be explained. Furthermore, a proposal is made as to how what has been called 'argument shift' is motivated
(The) man, his body, and his society: masculinity and the male experience in English and Scottish medicine c.1640-c.1780.
Get PDFThis thesis examines the relationship(s) between medicine, the body and societal codes of masculinity in England and Scotland between c.1640 and c.1780. It responds to the way in which the men in histories of post-1660 masculinity are often disembodied, and to the comparative absence of men’s gendered experiences from the history of medicine. Its findings show that in both centuries the experience of being a man with a body that was the site of health and sickness was an open, candid, and often communal, one, inside and outside of the formal medical encounter. Thus, and on both sides of 1700, ill men had full freedom in the pursuit and acceptance of medical, familial and social assistance, while their physical suffering, and associated emotional distress, was met with sympathy. With their sick bodies the sites of honest self-examination and open discussion, it was in part this very public nature of their sicknesses that allowed men, as a gender and as individuals, independence and agency in their non-commercial health care. Indeed, later-seventeenth- and eighteenth-century men suffered no constraints in their ability to respond to the vulnerabilities of their bodies, even where this involved behaviours or attributes allegedly associated with women and femininity, or inconsistent with ideals of active, independent, masculinity.
These findings indicate, therefore, great continuity across the period 1640-1780, and not only in masculine ideals of and involving the male corporeality. There seems to have been significant consistency across time in men’s social and medical experiences of both sickness and their pre-emptive preparation for it, and in an apparent collective self-confidence concerning their corporeal masculinity, their sex, and, possibly, even their sexual potential. Indeed, these sources suggest that seventeenth- and eighteenth-century men had a resilient sense of self-identity (and personal masculinity), conceptually separable from the corporeal body and its known fragilities
Novel peptide antigens provide insights into the recognition process by T cells
Get PDFThe studies described here involve molecular aspects of T cell recognition and the reactivity of T cell receptors with novel peptide antigens. The first study (Chapter 2) described a collection of novel peptide antigens for a single T cell receptor and their diverse requirements for the co-receptor CD8. One of the peptides showed no activity despite binding the TCR, and examination of the crystal structure of the complex suggested that an unusual TCR docking geometry could influence the T cell signaling complex. The second study (Chapter 3) described the peptide-binding effects of two polymorphic residues (Trp and Arg) at position 97 in mouse and human MHC proteins. These polymorphisms in the human gene HLA-B have recently been associated with HIV control (tryptophan), or progression (arginine) to AIDS. My findings showed that the same polymorphism in position 97 in the mouse protein Ld resulted in a very significant affect on the repertoire of self-peptides that bound to the alleles. Binding of fewer peptides (Trp97) would result in broader diversity of the T cell repertoire, which would include T cells that enable immunity to HIV. Conversely, binding a broader array of self-peptides (Arg97) would result in thymic deletion of a larger number of T cells, including those that would have been capable of controlling an HIV infection. Structures of various peptide-MHC complexes allowed me to interpret the possible basis of the peptide-binding results. In the third study (Chapter 4), novel self-peptide antigens for a single, alloreactive T cell, were isolated in an attempt to examine the peptide antigen(s) that selected the mouse clone called 2C. My results showed that contrary to earlier studies, there were dozens of naturally expressed and Ld-presented peptides that could mediate reactivity with 2C T cells. However, the self-peptide called p2Ca (LSPFPFDL) that was identified over 20 years ago as a putative ligand, was not one of them.
The first project, described in Chapter 2, was performed in collaboration with Drs. Jarrett Adams and K. Christopher Garcia (Stanford University). Yeast display libraries that expressed diverse nonamer peptides, covalently linked to Ld, were used to identify novel peptide antigens that bound to the TCR called 42F3. To screen these peptides for biological activity, I generated 42F3 T cell hybridoma cell lines, with or without the CD8αβ co-receptor. Results of T cell activation assays revealed that the novel antigenic peptides were either CD8-dependent or CD8-independent, but this dependency was not completely associated with the affinity of the pep-Ld complex for the TCR, as had been expected. Furthermore, one of the peptides was completely inactive, even though it bound well as a complex to the TCR. This result, in the context of the crystal structure of the complex, suggested that the geometry of TCR docking may influence the association of the TCR with signaling components and thus the clustering of TCR-peptide/MHC complexes in the immune synapse.
The third chapter in this thesis details a project examining the contributions of position 97 of the murine MHC allele Ld in affecting peptide binding. A 2010 study published by the International HIV Controllers Study group described a relationship between HIV disease control or progression and HLA-B alleles, and focused on specific amino acids at key positions of HLA-B, including position 97. The study found that HLA-B alleles that contained a tryptophan at position 97 were associated more with HIV control, whereas alleles containing an arginine at position 97 were associated more with HIV progression. I focused on the Trp97 and Arg97 alleles because our lab, and others, had found independently in the mouse Ld system that an arginine at position 97 affected the stability of the Ld molecule. Structurally, the Ld allele shares homology with HLA-B alleles; position 97 in Ld and HLA-B lies near the center of the peptide binding groove, with the side chain of the position 97 residue directed out into the peptide-binding groove, a prime location for affecting peptide binding. For the analysis detailed in Chapter 3, I generated immortalized cell lines expressing full length LdW97 and LdR97 and used competitive peptide binding assays together with a soluble in vitro reconstitution system to determine the relative stability and binding of a panel of peptides to these two variants. The results showed that LdR97 bound a broader repertoire of self-peptides than LdW97. An examination of available peptide/Ld structures suggested that this was not due to additional flexibility of the arginine, as previously suggested in the HLA-B system. Rather, proximal residues at positions 114, 116, and 156 formed different interactions with either W97 or R97, and these proximal residues showed greater flexibility in LdR97 structures compared to LdW97 structures. This suggests that the enhanced flexibility of these residues in LdR97 provides the freedom to accommodate a broader collection of self peptides. Comparisons of Ld and HLA-B structures containing Trp97 and Arg97, indicate that the results will translate to the HLA-B system. Thus, the result is consistent with a greater proportion of T cells being clonally deleted during negative selection against self-peptide/MHC-R97 complexes. This would restrict the diversity of the T cell repertoire in the periphery and reduce the availability of T cells that could be effective against HIV (thereby leading to a “progressor” phenotype with the Arg97 alleles).
The fourth chapter in this thesis re-examines the naturally presented alloantigen that selected the mouse T cell clone called 2C. Thirty years ago, T cell clone 2C was raised against the Ld-expressing P815 mastocytoma cell line. About twenty years ago, a peptide called p2Ca was identified by acid extraction from BALB/c thymus tissue as a peptide that mediated reactivity between the 2C T cell clone and Ld-expressing target cells. While p2Ca has been assumed to be the natural ligand for 2C, our lab had strong evidence to suggest that peptide p2Ca was not endogenously processed and presented on MHC Ld on the surface of P815 cells. Accordingly, peptide p2Ca could not have been the alloantigen against which the 2C T cell clone was raised. To search for the bona fide peptide(s), I obtained naturally derived peptides from BALB/c (Ld-positive) liver tissue, using either an acid extraction method or an affinity purification method (with an anti-Ld-monoclonal antibody). The resulting peptides were fractionated based on hydrophobicity using reverse-phase HPLC, and HPLC fractions were sampled in cytotoxicity assays using 2C T cells and the T2-Ld target cell line. Surprisingly, there appeared to be many more active fractions containing peptides than described previously, with a minimum estimate of at least 30 different active peptides. Thus, the alloreactive T cell clone 2C has an even greater repertoire of ligands than thought.Item withdrawn by Laura Spradlin ([email protected]) on 2013-12-03T20:48:48Z
Item was in collections:
University of Illinois Theses & Dissertations (ID: 1)
No. of bitstreams: 1
Narayanan_Samanthi.pdf: 3720647 bytes, checksum: 0803262945c5d68f09cc56e7ab8c6d75 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-30T17:17:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
Samanthi_Narayanan.pdf: 3686293 bytes, checksum: 38ff157b5cd37301448105b15a29131a (MD5)
license.txt: 4068 bytes, checksum: 7605a13e2fb2272f0130057d17ad6105 (MD5)Item marked as restricted to the 'Administrator' Group (id=1) by Seth Robbins ([email protected]) on 2014-05-30T17:21:26Z
Item is restricted until 2016-05-30T17:21:23ZRestriction data tranferred 2014-07-01T11:39:37-05:00
Original Data
Group with Access Administrator
Release Date: 2016-05-30 12:21:23 UTC
Reason: Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemLimited Restriction Lifted for Item 49833 on 2016-09-22T20:59:28Z
SIMON’S MOTIVATION IN SOLVING HIS PROBLEMS AS THE VICTIM OF A BROKEN FAMILY AS REFLECTED IN FINE’S FLOUR BABIES
Get PDFTITIK ANDARWATI. C1305542. Simon’s Motivation in Solving His Problems as the Victim of a
Broken Family as Reflected in Fine’s Flour Babies. Thesis: English Department. Faculty of
Letters and Fine Arts. Sebelas Maret University.
This thesis analyzed Simon Martin’s motivation in solving his problems as the victim of a
broken family. Simon was a 14 year old adolescent who was angry inside that it gave effect to his
behavior. He became one of the students of class 4C which was a class for the underachievers and those
who had behavioral problems. His father walked away when he was only six weeks old. There were
disappointed moments and events that he had to experience because of his father’s absent. Once, he got
a project from his school as the contribution to the school’s Science Fair. It was flour babies – sacks of
flour that had to be treated as a real baby. It taught the students about the responsibility and being
parents. The project made Simon opened the years wound rooted on his father’s absent. During the
period of caring the flour baby, he found the reasons why his father walked for good. He finally got the
answer and started to understand his father’s decision. It made him able to continue his life without a
burden he had inside.
This research employed psychological approach to answer the problem statements. In this
research, the source of the data was the novel Flour Babies by Anne Fine. The data in this analysis
could be grouped into two categories: the primary (which were the narrations and dialogues between
the characters and also the monologues that described the characteristics of the character, Simon
Martin) and the secondary data (which consisted of several criticism and articles about the novel and
the author that gave relevant information to the analysis). The problems that became the main concern
of this research were to know what motivated Simon Martin to solve his problem and how did he solve
his problems. The objectives if this research were to describe Simon Martin’s motivation and to
describe his ways in solving the problems.
After conducting the analysis by using Abraham Maslow’s theory of Human Motivation, the
researcher found that there were some needs that were not able to be fulfilled which, then, became the
motivations in Simon’s life. These needs, especially the deep desire of being protected (Safety Needs),
being loved (Love and Belongingness Needs), and being proud and appreciated (Self Esteem Needs)
encouraged Simon to finish his problems and continued his life. On the other hand, the fact that Simon
was in an adolescence period also influenced him to solve his problems as the victim of a broken
family
