1,720,992 research outputs found
Incertezza e investimenti
No full textThe paper proposes a dynamic partial equilibrium model where competitive firms with constant return to scale technology are risk averse. Firms are subject to output price uncertainty. We show that it is possible that the investment-uncertainty relationship is positive even when firms have a high degree of risk aversion. Indeed, the paper shows that risk aversion can explain the negative relationship between investment and uncertainty only in a static context. In a dynamic framework, the linkage between periods can lead risk aversion to have a positive effect on investment when uncertainty increases. Moreover, the paper shows that investment should be positively correlated with uncertainty for reasonable values of the preference and technological parameters
A Nash equilibrium for differential games with moving-horizon strategies
No full textOur paper aims at introducing a moving-horizon interaction in a strategic context. We assume that, in each instant of time, players can predict the effects of their actions and those of their opponents on a finite moving horizon. We define an equilibrium concept, which is consistent in this setting, and develop an appropriate algorithm to compute it by using nonlinear model predictive control techniques. Focusing on the length of forecasting horizon, we propose two economic interpretations for our equilibrium, based on the limited rationality and political economy literature: a simple 2 players’ nonlinear policy game, and what happens to debt stabilization when policymakers have different values of the forecasting horizon. To provide some practical insights of our approach, we consider a debt stabilization game in a monetary union. We consider three players; two nonlinear differential constraints; and assume that one player controls one instrument which is not additive but has some multiplicative effects on the state variables
Multiple attractors and global bifurcations in a Kaldor-type business cycle model
No full textWe consider a Kaldor-type discrete-time nonlinear business cycle model in income and capital, where investment is assumed to depend both on the difference between normal and current levels of capital stock, and on the difference between the current income and its normal level, through a nonlinear S-shaped increasing function. As usual in Kaldor business cycle models, one or three steady states exist, and the standard analysis of the local stability and bifurcations suggests that endogenous oscillations occur in the presence of only one unstable equilibrium, whereas the coexistence of three equilibria is characterized by bi-stability, the central equilibrium being on the boundary which separates the basins of the two stable ones. However, a deeper analysis of the global dynamic properties of the model in the parameter ranges where three steady states exist, reveals the existence of an attracting limit cycle surrounding the three steady states, leading to a situation of multistability, with a rich and complex dynamic structure
Risk aversion, intertemporal substitution, and the aggregate investment-uncertainty relationship
Full text linkWe analyze the role of risk aversion and intertemporal substitution in a simple dynamic general equilibrium model of investment and savings. Our main finding is that risk aversion cannot by itself explain a negative relationship between aggregate investment and aggregate uncertainty, as the effect of increased uncertainty on investment also depends on the intertemporal elasticity of substitution. In particular, the relationship between aggregate investment and aggregate uncertainty is positive even if agents are very risk averse, as long as the elasticity of intertemporal substitution is low. A negative investment-uncertainty relationship requires that the relative risk aversion and the elasticity of intertemporal substitution are both relatively high or both relatively low. We also show that the implications of our model are consistent with the available empirical evidence
Risk-aversion and the investment-uncertainty relationship: a comment
Full text linkThis paper shows that the solution of Nakamura's Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 38 (1999) 357 model is incorrect. We propose an alternative framework that allows us to obtain closed form results on the investment-uncertainty relationship
Incertezza e partite correnti
No full textQuesto lavoro analizza la relazione tra incertezza di origine tecnologica e saldo delle partite correnti. L'analisi viene svolta utilizzando un modello di equilibrio economico generale in cui l'impresa è una attivita' rischiosa il cui tasso di rendimento viene determinato sul mercato delle attivita'. Si tiene cosi' conto non soltanto dell'effetto dell'incertezza sul risparmio ma, diversamente dalla letteratura tradizionale, anche sull'investimento. Sebbene l'effetto dell'incertezza sul saldo delle partite correnti sia complessivamente ambiguo, qualora l'effetto indiretto (positivo) sul risparmio generato dall'incremento del tasso di interesse rischioso sia superiore all'effetto diretto (negativo) si avra' un miglioramento di tale saldo
The effect of debt tax benefits on firm investment decisions
Full text linkIn this paper we question the idea that the deduction of debt interest is always an effective policy instrument to spur firm investment. We analyze the investment decision in presence of a borrowing constraint on the amount of the debt that the firm can raise. We show that if the debt interest rate is decreasing in the firm capital accumulation and it is available another financial resource more expensive than debt (at least for levels of debt lower than the upper bound), then the deduction of the debt interest from taxes on capital income may reduce firm investment. This theoretical result should be considered when financial intermediaries are not willing to finance beyond a certain threshold but firms have access to other sources of finance
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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