197 research outputs found
Developing and Implementing a Software Program for Configuring Three Dairy Corral Designs
Get PDFEleven simulation models were developed to plan and design several dairy farm facilities. A decision tree was developed for each simulation model, and then the simulation models were integrated into the relevant decision trees. C# programming language was used to develop a software program via the simulation models and decision trees. The objective is to develop a software program to plan and design dairy farm facilities for dairy farms in hot climates. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Assistant Professor, Agricultural Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Gammaa Street, 12613 Giza, Egypt* Corresponding Author, Email: [email protected] Cite This Article As: Â M. Samer. 2010. Developing and Implementing a Software Program for Configuring Three Dairy Corral Designs. J. Exp. Sci. 1(3): 19-22.Â
Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram for Train Platforms
No full textThe macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) relates the flow, density and speed of an entire network. So far, the MFD has been mostly applied to cases where pedestrians and vehicles were aiming to reach their destinations as fast as possible. However, pedestrian facilities involve different behaviours. Especially in train stations, travellers spend more time waiting than walking. Moreover, complex passenger flows (i.e. flows in different directions moving to stairs and escalators distributed over the platform) may occur on the platform, due to passengers. In this paper we show that passenger flows on platforms can be described by an MFD.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Transport and PlanningTransport and Plannin
Adjusting Dairy Housing in Hot Climates to Meet Animal Welfare Requirements
Get PDFSmall dairy farms in hot climates are encountering several problems caused by the design flaws of the implemented housing designs. Consequently, heat stress increase and milk yield dramatically decreases, which leads to economic deficiency of the farm. One key issue is to develop simple means to rectify the design flaws with minimum costs. In order to develop feasible means, design flaws were detected on-site in 14 small dairy farms in Egypt to exemplify the flaws of housing designs in arid and semi-arid zones. A package of interconnected solutions is suggested to rectify the design flaws. Subsequently, the maximum temperature, dry-bulb temperature, black-globe temperature, dew point, relative humidity, shaded area, and air velocity were measured inside the rectified vs. non-rectified cowsheds and compared after conducting the statistical analysis. On the other hand, the Temperature-Humidity Index (THI) and Black Globe Humidity Index (BGHI) were calculated to find out the level of heat stress affecting the dairy cows. Furthermore, the milk yield, respiration rate, skin temperature, feed intake were recorded and compared. Moreover, the costs of the developed means were calculated and a feasibility study was carried out. The results show that the developed means are effective and feasible, where the heat stress decreased (THI decreased from 94.6 to 83.7; dry-bulb temperature decreased from 42.7 to 33.6 oC) and the average milk production increased from 18 to 26 kg/day.cow. Consequently, the costs were minimized and the revenues were maximized, which achieve economic efficiency for the farm where the profit increased by about 427 $/cow.year.     --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Assistant Professor, Agricultural Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Gammaa Street, 12613 Giza, Egypt * Corresponding Author, Email: [email protected] Please Cite This Article As: M. Samer. 2010. Adjusting Dairy Housing in Hot Climates to Meet Animal Welfare Requirements. J. Exp. Sci. 1(3): 14-18
Şemseddin El-Hatib el-Fesevî El-Fârisî'nin "Şerh Ebyât el-Keşşaf" isimli eseri: Tahkik ve değerlendirme (58-107. sayfalar)
No full textİmam zemehşarinin tefsiri büyük bir şöhrete sahipti. Alimler çok beğendi, onu okumaya, yorumlamaya ve bine yakın olan beyiterini anlatmaya başladılar. Kaşşafın delillerinin anlatımı, ismi belli olmayan yabancı bir kişi ait olan Şerih çok önemsendi. Bir çok nushası mevcut. Tehkik edilmiş bu kitap kaşsaffın en eski anlatımlarından birisi. Onun sayesinde şiir delilleri önemi ve aziz olan kitabın ayetleriyle bağlantını görünür. Meryem süresinden baslayip kuran kerim sonuna kadar devam ettim.kitabın birinci kısmını dr. Abdulğafur esseyyadi danışmanlığında kardeşim muhammed sehlan tahkik etti onun anlatımı beyitlere özlülükle ve hadis az tanık gosterek bilindi. Ayrıca söylenmiş tanıkla ile bağlantılı olan ayet arasında ilişkiyi soylememekle bilindi Zor olan görev, nüshasını sıkinti olan kontrolünü, ayetlerin, hadislerin, şiir beyiterini tehriç ettikten sonra, ileri gelenleri, yerleri de söylemek ve açık olmayanı açıklamak, kitabın yazarı bilinmemesidir. Çok çalıştıktan sonra onu buldum, o Şemseddin..muhammed ibn süleyman ibn muhammed elfesevi veya elfessavi elfarisi h 731 yılında vefat etti. Iki nüsha bulup Yazarı bilmeden işe başladım, araştırdiktan sonra beş nüsha buldum, yazarın ismini iki iranlı nüshasinda buldum Ahmet bin hisini eltayyebi nüshasını yanlış olarak seçtim, açıklamamda o yalnız nüshasını çoğaltmış yazar değildir diye belirttim. Bir çok insan yazar olduğunu zanettmis. Kalite bakımından sonraki gelen Feyzullah nüsha sini tehkik edip karşılastirdim. Tehkik bittikten sonra başka bir nüsha buldun. En eski üçünü nüshayi ilk iki nüshadan tercih yaptım , hatalı şey içerdiği için secmedim, Ancak amacım, ondan bir şeyler tehkik etmektir. Kaşşafın anlatımda kitaplardan en kıymetli ve eski bir kitap olarak çıkarmaktır. Ayni zamanda arapça İslami ilimler kütüphanesine özelikle tefsir ilmine çok kıymetli bir kitap hediye etmektir Ayrıca bilinmeyen yazarın hakkını vermek ve hak olan sahibine geri vermek , telifinden görünen üslubunu , bilimini da ve kitabı açıklamaktırThe interpretation "tafseer" of Al-Kashshaf by Imam Al-Zamakhshari gained wide fame, and it won the admiration of scholars, so they devoted themselves to reading and teaching it, placing footnotes on it, and explaining its verses, which numbered close to a thousand. One of the oldest explanations of this "tafseer" book was by a non-Arab, whose name is unknown, and several copies of it were found. The copyedited text of this "tafseer" is one of the oldest and we see in it the prominence of using poetic verses as references in the interpretation of the Quran. The "tafseer" starts with Surat Maryam and concludes at the end of the Quran. This "tafseer" is distinguished by its short interpretation, mostly, and by referencing very few ahadith, and by not mentioning the relationship between the subject at hand and the Quranic verse. The most difficult task in this research, after copyediting and extracting verses, hadiths, and poetic verses, defining the notable people mentioned in it and places, and explaining the unfamiliar terms, was to identify the author of the book. I found it after a great search and hardship, and he is Shams Al-Din Muhammad bin Suleiman bin Muhammad Al-Fasawi, or Al-Fasa'i Al-Farsi, who died after 731 AH. I initially got two copies of the book and began working on them with the author's name unknown, and after searching, I found five other copies, and I found the author's name in the two Iranian copies. I had initially chosen the copy attributed to Ahmed bin Hosni al-Tibi by mistake, which I later proved that he was just a transcriber and not the author. I verified the book's copy with the copy of Fayd Allah, which is next in quality. After I finished the copyediting and verification processes, I found the other copies, and I relied on the oldest copy as the main one for comparison. The objectives of this investigation include, among others, the production of a book that is considered one of the rarest and oldest books in interpreting the "Abyat Al-Khashaf," enriching the Arabic and Islamic library with an invaluable book, honoring the unknown author and reclaiming his right to him, and introducing this book and its scientific methodology to the public. I pray to Allah that I have succeeded in what I have done, and He alone is the Guide to the Straight Path. Praise be to Allah, Lord of the Worlds
SİYASİ PARTİLERİN “ÇOCUKLAR VE ŞİDDET” PROBLEMİNE YAKLAŞIMI: AKP VE CHP ÖRNEKLERİ
Get PDFBook title: CHILDREN AND VIOLENCE: CHILDREN UNDER THE PRESSURE
OF SOCIAL VIOLENCE: Children as the Victims of Violence = ÇOCUK VE ŞİDDET: TOPLUMSAL ŞİDDETİN CENDERESİNDE
ÇOCUKLAR: Şiddetin Mağduru Olarak Çocuklar -- Editor: Hasan BÜKER -- Publisher: Polis Akademisi Başkanlığı SAMER Scientific Publications Series -- Book chapter Political parties approaching the problem of 'children and violence': Examples from the JDP and the RPP = SİYASİ PARTİLERİN “ÇOCUKLAR VE ŞİDDET” PROBLEMİNE YAKLAŞIMI:
AKP VE CHP ÖRNEKLERİ -- Chapter Author: Şebnem Caqnsun -- ISBN : 978-605-64348-1-5 -- Date: 2014.Although political parties in Turkey have been compared, through their election bulletins and/or party
programs, on several aspects, there is no comparative work on the parties’ approach towards children’s rights. This
article evaluates how the ruling party (Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi, Justice and Development Party, JDP) and the
main opposition party (Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi, Republican People’s Party, RPP) in Turkey approach children’s
rights and especially the problem of “children and violence”. The research is based on three pillars: a comparison of
the party programs, a comparison of bulletins from the last national election and a news search within Cumhuriyet
(The Republic) focusing on the last year (September 2012–August 2013). Analysis of Cumhuriyet, a national daily
known for its emphasis on human rights issues, intends to reveal which children are neglected, as well as other
issues related to violence and abuse that politicians underline in their declarations, and how those declarations
may relate to official promises made in party discourse. Roughly speaking, this research shows that the two parties
make similar promises to prevent child labor, fight juvenile crime and alleviate the plight of street children. The
politicians make declarations on young PKK members and raped children. The subject of “children and violence” is
just another subject where the ideological differences between the two parties can be seen. For instance, the
social-democratic RPP promises to work for the prevention of child marriage and for the coverage of rural labor
among 16–18 year olds under social security. The conservative-democratic JDP has not made similar promises.
Through the news search, this research also shows that election bulletins may specifically cover the situation of
youth involved in terror and that of children subject to physical abuse. The primary result surely is the urgent need
for a bipartisan effort to resolve the problem of “children and violence”Türkiye’deki siyasi partiler seçim beyannameleri ve/veya parti programları üzerinden çeşitli yönleriyle
karşılaştırılmış olmalarına rağmen, siyasi partilerin çocuk haklarına yaklaşımlarına dair bir karşılaştırma çalışması
yoktur. Bu makale iktidar partisi (Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi, AKP) ile ana muhalefet partisinin (Cumhuriyet Halk
Partisi, CHP) Türkiye’deki çocuk haklarına ve özellikle “çocuklar ve şiddet” problemine yaklaşımlarını
incelemektedir. Araştırma üç ana sütun üzerine temellendirilmiştir. Bunlar, parti programlarının karşılaştırılması,
son genel seçim beyannamelerinin karşılaştırılması ve Cumhuriyet Gazetesi üzerinden (Eylül 2012 - Ağustos 2013)
geçen seneye dair haber taramasıdır. İnsan hakları konusuna özel ilgi gösteren Cumhuriyet Gazetesi’nin analizi,
siyasetçilerin açıklamalarında hangi çocukları ihmal ediliyor gördüğü, şiddet ve suistimalle ilintili buldukları konuları
ve bu açıklamaların parti söylemlerindeki sözlerle ne kadar örtüştüğünü ortaya çıkarmayı hedeflemektedir. Genel
olarak, bu araştırma her iki partinin de çocuk işçiliğini önlemek, çocuk suçluluğuyla savaşmak ve sokak çocuklarının
durumlarını iyileştirmek konularında benzeri sözler verdiğini göstermektedir. Siyasetçiler genç PKK üyeleri ve
tecavüz edilen çocuklar hakkında açıklamalarda bulunmuştur. “Çocuklar ve şiddet” konusu iki partinin arasındaki
ideolojik farklılıkların görüldüğü alanlardan yalnızca bir tanesidir. Örneğin, sosyal-demokrat CHP, çocuk evliliklerinin
önlenmesi ve 16-18 yaşları arasındaki tarım işçilerinin sosyal güvenlik sistemine dahil edilmesi konularında çalışma sözü vermektedir. Muhafazakar-demokrat AKP’nin benzeri sözleri yoktur. Haber taraması kanalıyla ise araştırma,
seçim beyannamelerinin teröre karışan çocukların durumu ile fiziksel suistimale maruz kalan çocukların durumunu
içerebileceğini göstermiştir. Ana sonuç ise kuşkusuz, “çocuklar ve şiddet” problemini çözmek için iki partinin acilen
beraber çalışması gerektiğidir
Effect of curing conditions on surface resistivity in high performace concrete
No full textThe testing presently in practice for assessing the resistance of concrete to penetration of chloride ions is ASTM C1202 or Rapid Chloride permeability test (RCPT) titled “Standard Test Method for Electrical Indication of Concrete's Ability to Resist Chloride Ion Penetration”. This test is considered to be prolonged, laborious, and of relatively high variability, due to certain parameters such as the test being user sensitive. As an alternative to the RCPT, the Surface Resistivity (SR) Test as presented in AASHTO TP 95-11 titled “Surface Resistivity Indication of Concrete’s Ability to Resist Chloride Ion Penetration” was investigated by correlating the results of the two tests. SRT is considered to be cost and time effective, as well as of relatively lower variability. Curing standards have been criticized in the industry due to their focus on strength properties, leaving out the effect of curing on durability properties of concrete. The research reported herein is focused on determining a correlation between RCP and SR test measurements and investigate the effect of different curing methods including accelerated curing on the correlation in High Performance Concrete (HPC). This research also investigates the effect of specific cementitious materials and chemical admixtures of surface resistivity and rapid chloride permeability results in three different curing methods. The HPC samples tested and included in this study were collected from various NJDOT and NJTA field locations in New Jersey and some cylinders were reproduced in the laboratory based on field High Performance Concrete mixture design.M.S.Includes bibliographical referencesby Samer Rabi
Hospitalization Costs for Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients Treated With Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in the United States Are Substantially Higher Than Medicare Payments
Get PDFBackgroundAcute coronary syndromes account for half of all deaths secondary to cardiovascular disease and represent a significant economic burden in the United States. Therefore, assessing hospitalization costs relative to Medicare reimbursement for these patients is important in understanding the impact of these patients on hospitals. We hypothesized that hospitalization costs for acute myocardial infarction patients treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were higher than their associated Medicare payments.MethodsUsing the Nationwide Inpatient Sample, we evaluated hospitalization costs for patients treated with PCI from 2001 through 2009 by multiplying hospital charges by the group average cost‐to‐charge ratio for each patient's hospitalization. Primary end points examined were total hospital costs and trends over time, which were correlated with clinical outcomes and insurance payments. Costs were inflation adjusted with 2009 as the reference year.ResultsMedian hospitalization costs of PCI increased from 12 057–19 349 (IQR = 26 282) in 2009. From 2004 to 2009, inflation‐adjusted costs for PCI decreased at a rate of 0.3% per year. In 2009, a total of 265,531 patients received PCI for acute myocardial infarction. Of these, 143 654 were <65 years old, and 121 876 were ≥65 years old. Average 2009 Medicare payments ranged from 17 500 depending on the Medicare Severity‐Diagnosis Related Groups (MS‐DRG) billed, leaving hospitals at a loss of anywhere from 7940 per patient when comparing costs and reimbursements across all included MS‐DRG codes.ConclusionsHospitalization costs for patients treated with PCI have been stabilizing over the last few years; however, there still remains a significant disparity between Medicare reimbursements and hospitalization costs, which has potential implications on patient outcomes, quality of care, and hospital sustainability.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/110534/1/clc22341.pd
DEMOGRAPHICS AND CORRELATES OF MORTALITY IN A LARGE SAMPLE OF PATIENTS WITH TAKOTSUBO CARDIOMYOPATHY
No full textAdapting authoritarianism: institutions and co-optation in Egypt and Syria
No full textThis PhD thesis compares Egypt and Syria’s authoritarian political systems. While the tendency in social science political research treats Egypt and Syria as similarly authoritarian, this research emphasizes differences between the two systems with special reference to institutions and co-optation. Rather than reducibly understanding Egypt and Syria as sharing similar histories, institutional arrangements, or ascribing to the oft-repeated convention that “Syria is Egypt but 10 years behind,” this thesis focuses on how events and individual histories shaped each states current institutional strengthens and weaknesses. Specifically, it explains the how varying institutional politicization or de-politicization affects each state’s capabilities for co-opting elite and non-elite individuals.
Beginning with a theoretical framework that considers the limited utility of democratization and transition theoretical approaches, the work underscores the persistence and durability of authoritarianism. Chapter two details the politicized institutional divergence between Egypt and Syria that began in the 1970s. Chapter three and four examines how institutional politicization or de-politicization affects elite and non-elite individual co-optation in Egypt and Syria. Chapter five discusses the study’s general conclusions and theoretical implications.
This thesis’s argument is that Egypt and Syria co-opt elites and non-elites differently because of the varying degrees of institutional politicization in each governance system. Rather than view one country as more politically developed than the other, this work argues that Syria’s political institutions are more politicized than their Egyptian counterparts. Syria’s political arena is, thus, described as politicized-patrimonialism. Syria’s politicized-patrimonial arena produces uneven co-optation of elites and non-elites as they are diffused through competing institutions. Conversely, the Egyptian political arena remains highly personalized as weak institutions and individuals are manipulated and molded according to the president’s ruling clique. This is referred to as personalized-patrimonialism. As a consequence, Egypt’s political establishment demonstrates more flexibility in ad hoc altering and adapting its arena depending on the emergence of crises.
This study’s theoretical implications suggest that, contrary to modernization and democratization theory’s adage that institutions lead to a political development, politicized institutions within a patrimonial order actually hinder regime adaptation because consensus is harder to achieve and maintain. It is within this context that Egypt’s de-politicized institutional framework advantages its top political elite. In this reading of Egyptian and Syrian politics, Egypt’s personalized political arena is more adaptable than Syria’s. These conclusions do not indicate that political reform is a process underway in either state
Magnetorheological fluid damper for tunable damping in active mechanical metamaterials
No full textIn the era of advancing technology, the demand for specialized engineering materials has risen significantly. Active Mechanical Metamaterials (AMMs) offer a novel approach to engineering materials with tunable mechanical properties. This research focuses on developing tunable damping active mechanical metamaterials (AMMs) by incorporating magnetorheological fluid (MRF) damper into a compliant mechanism unit cell. This unit cell transforms linear displacement into rotation at the centre, precisely where the damper is located. First, The AMM unit cell has been designed with a compliant structure that converts the unit input into an embedded MRF damper. After that, the dynamic behaviour of the unit cell was studied by combining analytical and FEM modelling to characterize the stiffness and damping of the unit cell. A prototype has been built, and the damping and stiffness have also been experimentally characterized.The results highlight key findings, including numerical data, offering insights into the efficiency of the unit cell's compliant transformation mechanism and the tunable damping achieved through MRF dampers, where the damping ratio can be adjusted from 0.02 to approximately 0.03 when 1.4 A of current is applied. This study represents a significant advancement in active mechanical metamaterials, showcasing a novel unit cell design where the magnetorheological fluid has been used for the first time to achieve tunable damping in active mechanical metamaterials. The success of this study is evident in the convergence of theoretical predictions with experimental outcomes, emphasizing the robustness of the proposed design and modelling methodologies. The implications of this research extend to diverse applications in structural engineering and vibration control, with a particular focus on high-tech systems. These findings provide valuable guidance for researchers and engineers working in high-tech industries, offering practical insights that can significantly impact the development and implementation of innovative solutions in these fields.Mechanical Engineering | Mechatronic System Design (MSD
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