1,720,964 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
States as Civil Rights Actors
Get PDFA British politician, David Miliband, once said, My advice is very simple: if you can win a small battle, it gives you confidence in the political process to take on bigger battles, and so it is very much a bottom-up grass-roots way of doing politics. While his perspective--of starting small and building up--is an often-used strategy used by advocates of all stripes, his quote does not give sufficient credence to the intrinsic value of these small battles. These efforts are an end unto themselves, as the smaller battles within each state are not just training to take on larger federal battles; rather, state-level policymaking has the ability to positively or negatively impact the lives of countless individuals. Miliband\u27s perspective, like that of many advocates, is outcome focused. Rather, there is great value in analyzing the small battles as independent milestones in se- curing rights and bolstering protections for a number of communities and populations. Rather than assessing any one particular movement, the aim of this paper is to understand the tactics and weapons being utilized within state systems, to identify trends, and to draw predictions about states as players in the civil rights movement more broadly. First, this paper asserts that states are an important civil rights battleground. By assessing the development or stagnation of employment civil rights efforts through the lens of different state actors, this paper maps the landscape of these battles, allowing future advocates to pick the best path to forge onwards. Second, in contrast to Miliband, this paper views state civil rights efforts as a goal unto themselves. The process of advocating for civil rights offers important lessons, not just for pursuing federal efforts, but also for: (1) securing or bolstering affirmative protections immediately - for vulnerable populations; (2) enhancing future advocacy efforts at the state level; and (3) encouraging future advocacy within each state, at the local level. While many advocates might immediately apply these lessons to federal civil rights efforts, due to the perceived threat of the Trump administration,\u27 recognizing the role states currently play in civil rights efforts and the role they could potentially play is valuable well beyond its applicability to the current administration
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Thirteenth Amendment Litigation in the Immigration Detention Context
Get PDFThis Article analyzes how the Thirteenth Amendment has been used to prevent forced labor practices in immigration detention. The Article assesses the effectiveness of Thirteenth Amendment litigation by dissecting cases where detainees have challenged the legality of labor requirements under the Trafficking Victims Protection Act. Given the expansion in immigration detention, the increasing privatization of detention, and the significant human rights implications of this issue, the arguments advanced in this Article are not only currently relevant but have the potential to shape ongoing dialogue on this subject
Salary History and Pay Parity: Assessing Prior Salary History as a “Factor Other Than Sex” in Equal Pay Act Litigation
No full textInquiries about a prospective applicant’s salary history are controversial because of the role such inequities play in the broader gender pay equity debate. The use of prior salary to determine compensation can perpetuate pay discrimination for women, especially women of color, and lock them into cycles of underpayment when these inequities are carried over from job to job. Reliance on salary history perpetuates historical discrimination and is antithetical to the language and purpose of Title VII and the Equal Pay Act. The purpose of this paper is to critically analyze the legal reasoning relied upon to interpret these laws, especially in light of the new cases emerging in this field, and to assess the potential impacts of these differing interpretations across the circuit courts. This paper offers a nuanced analysis of the courts’ reasoning, including an analysis of the text and context of the legislation and how this influences appellate courts’ divergent interpretation and reasoning. Given that this circuit split primes the issue for Supreme Court consideration, this Article considers the implications of the various interpretations
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Weathering the Storm: Utilizing Congressional Investigations to Improve National Hurricane Preparedness
Get PDFDuring the 2017 hurricane season, three major storms impacted differ- ent regions of the United States. These storms-Hurricanes Harvey, Irma, and Maria-devastated communities in Texas, Florida, and Puerto Rico within the span of a month. These storms were so destructive that the World Meteorological Organization has retired all three storm names, meaning no future hurricane will ever bear the names Harvey, Irma, or Maria again. In response, according to the Government Accountability Office ( GAO ), 19 federal agencies had entered into contracts and obligated over $5.6 billion on those contracts to support efforts related to Hurricanes Harvey, Irma, and Maria as of December 31, 2017.
The Constitution states that Congress shall have the authority to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper. \u27 From this mandate, Congress derives its implied powers of investigation, to consider proposed legislation and also to oversee the administration of existing governmental programs...
Pursuant to such authority, on October 27, 2017, Ranking Member of the Senate\u27s Committee on Homeland Security & Governmental Affairs, Claire McCaskill (D-MO), invited the committee\u27s chairman to conduct a bipartisan investigation and consider scheduling a series of ... hearings to lay out the reality of the federal government\u27s response to the these storms
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