23 research outputs found
Effects of learning activities on students' personality and social development at higher secondary level in a private school of Karachi
No full textDocumentos apresentados no âmbito do reconhecimento de graus e diplomas estrangeirosAll those activities that are executed by students inside or outside the classrooms for learning are known as learning activities (Bashir et al., 2012). It offers learning related to academics and experiences inside and outside of the classroom such as character development through sports, debates, dramatic clubs, etc. All learning activities are intended, and they may not be part of the regular educational institution syllabus. These activities are not graded sometimes and do not earn any credits for students in the short term.
The current research study was carried out to investigate the perceptions of school principals, instructors, and students regarding the diverse forms of learning activities in a private higher secondary school in Karachi and their consequences on the performance and social development of higher secondary level students. The present study was carried out by engaging the research design called “case study design” within a qualitative research model. The study gathered data from the school principal, 3 HSS level instructors, and 8 HSS level students through conducting interviews individually, focus group discourse, and analysis of documents.
The findings of the study showed that among diverse types of learning activities at the private school where the study was conducted, speech competitions, quiz competitions, project works, declamations, participation in different games, a celebration of different national and local events like the Independence Day celebration, high achievers’ day, talentia, Farewell, a celebration of parents’/instructors’/students’ and environmental/earth day is the mostly occurring events in which students participate. Additionally, the conclusion of this study discovered that learning activities are effective stimulators that boost students’ learning outcomes and social skills when they are involved in practical activities, which ultimately have a positive influence on the social development of the students apart from their subject areas in terms of better examinations result
Advancements and challenges in the epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and management of multiple sclerosis: a comprehensive review
No full textAbstract Background Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease that damages the central nervous system through inflammation, loss of myelin, and progressive neurodegeneration. Its prevalence has been increasing worldwide, with variations that reflect genetic predisposition, environmental influences, and immune system dysregulation. Main Body Advances in high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging and the use of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers have enhanced the ability to detect early disease activity, monitor progression, and evaluate therapeutic response. Despite these improvements, challenges remain in understanding the mechanisms driving disease progression, particularly in progressive forms of multiple sclerosis where treatment options are limited. Barriers such as unequal access to therapies, variable long-term efficacy, and incomplete knowledge of disease pathways continue to hinder effective management. Current research emphasizes the need for personalized approaches that incorporate genetic, immunological, and environmental factors. Efforts are also being directed toward identifying neuroprotective and remyelinating agents, alongside integrating biomarkers into treatment strategies, in order to better tailor therapies and improve monitoring of disease activity. Conclusion Future directions in multiple sclerosis research should focus on precision medicine, the discovery of novel therapeutic targets, and the integration of biomarkers into clinical care. These strategies hold the potential to improve long-term outcomes, reduce disease burden, and enhance the quality of life for affected individuals. This review explores global epidemiological patterns, recent diagnostic innovations, and the effectiveness of emerging treatment strategies in multiple sclerosis
اُردو کی منفرد اور دلچسپ لغات
No full textSince the birth of Urdu language to present time, the process of evolution of its spellings, words, meanings, and pronunciation is continued. In order to keep abreast of the mentioned evolution, dictionaries are the best source. Following are the ten different and interesting dictionaries.
“Asparantu Urdu Dictionary”, its editor is Saeed Ahmed Farani. It is a brief and unique dictionary in which words and their meanings are entered and rules are written for pronunciation.
Urdu Hareefa Mekalay’s editor is Alif-ul-Mehraas. It is a different and eccentric dictionary in which words are written under different topics. Words are selected on the basis of different references and every reference is explained in terms of antonyms instead of synonyms. In addition, numbers of alphabets are also written.
Aalmi Saqafat ke Lughat’s editors are Kawamay Anthony Apia and Henry Litigates Junior. This dictionary provides information about the history of culture, civilization, personalities and religion of five different continents.
Moeen-ul-aadaab Maroof ba Moeenul-Shura is edited by Munshi Ghulaam Hussain Khan Aafaaq Banarsi. In this dictionary, editor has presented poems of eighty-five classical poets as nationally certified. In addition, language of origin of particular words, kingdom of numbers, popular meanings, singular plural and nicknames of poets are explained.
Lughat-ul-Shoera is edited by Hakeem Muhammad Ashraf Khokhar. In this dictionary, all words are written in the form of rhyming words. This dictionary is considered as the milestone not only for poetry but also for teaching of poetry.
Urdu Thesaurus is compiled by Rafique Khawar. In this dictionary, words are written according to topics instead of alphabetical order. This dictionary is one of its kind, regarding finding words of similar type.
Mustalhat-e-Thugi is edited by Ali Akbar Alabadi and Madoon Rasheed Hassan. This dictionary is compiled in terms of alphabetical order. The vocabulary of Looters’ language is presented. On the right side, word or term is written with colon and then meaning and its description is presented.
Awaleen Urdu Slang Lughat is edited by Dr. Rauf Pareakh. In this dictionary, slangs and informal words are presented in unique way.
Urdu Slang Lughat is edited by Qasim Yaqoob. This dictionary is about local, cheap and common words used in Urdu language.
Tazheekul Lughat is edited by Zahid Masood. In this dictionary, social, political, cultural and economical circumstances are discussed analytically with the help of words. The evolutionary process and events occurred are discussed ironically with the help of words and their meanings.
To summarize, from the brief analyses of the aforementioned dictionaries, it can be said that all the languages in the world, in every era are passing through any kind of evolution. As a result of which some unusual words reach the height of familiarity. On the other hand, few usual words loss their place in the language with the passage of time
جدید فارسی نظم اور اہم اُردو مترجمین
No full textThere is a great importance of old education in the progress of modern education. This is the same for language and literature. The most important factor in the progress and spread of language and literature is translation. In modern times, the term of recreation is used for translation. Every new term is called as "Modern". In poetry or literature whether this modernization is based on words or techniques and ideas. Those people who migrated from Iran, based the foundation of modern Persian poem. Modern Persian poetry have the qualities of "Shayri No" (new peom), "Shayri Mojhy No" (new poetry) wave. There are five books of modern Persian poetry in Urdu translation that we include, Modern Persian poetry (translated by N.M. Rashid), Nazmain Tera Tawaf Karti Hain (translated by Dr. Muen Nizami), Rabte Kay Diye (translated by Uzma Aziz Khan), Muasar Irani Shayari (translated by Muhammad Keumarsi) and Muasar Irani Nazmain (translated by Saadat Saeed) in following tranalators, important names are Aftab Asghar, Dr. Shoaib Ahmad, Khawaja Abdul Hameed Yazdani, Ali Kamel Qazilabash, Ali Mazhar Asghar, Afsar Mahpuri, Sarfraz Zafar, Naheed Kishwar and Fatima Fayyaz
Factors Affecting Academic Performance of Medical Students
No full textObjective: To determine the perception of medical students about factors affecting academic performance and to associate them with academic performance.
Study Design: Cross sectional.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in the Department of Community Medicine at Wah Medical College, Wah Cantt from January 2018 to August 2018.
Materials and Methods: After explaining purpose of the study and taking informed consent, questionnaires were distributed to students and collected after two days. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 19. Frequency tables and charts were constructed for qualitative and quantitative variables accordingly. Association of academic performance with factors affecting academic performance were determined by chi-square.
Results: The factors that affect the academic performance most were parental concern (87.2%), time spent on social media (78.4%), influence of friends (74.4%), silence during study (88.8%) and style of teaching (80.8%). Significant association was found between academic performance and place of residence, daily breakfast, peer academic performance, night study and joining medical profession on own will.
Conclusion: Supervision by parents, academically competent peers, apposite institutional environment, pertinent use of media and good teaching strategies mostly affect the academic performance.
How to cite this: Khan KW, Ramzan M, Zia Y, Zafar Y, Khan M, Saeed H. Factors Affecting Academic Performance of Medical Students. Life and Science. 2020; 1(1): 8-11. doi: https://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.4
Antenatal HIV Screening and Treatment in South Africa: Social Norms and Policy Options
No full textSouth Africa has one of the highest prevalence of HIV and AIDS in the world, with mother-to-child transmission being an important route for spread of the infection. For years, AIDS scientists and activists locally and internationally have been working desperately for the people of South Africa to have access to treatment for HIV and AIDS. Policymakers in South Africa have consistently maintained that HIV infection is not responsible for AIDS, thus creating the biggest obstacle to implementation of appropriate prevention and therapeutic programmes, including antiretroviral therapy for HIV positive persons. Only recently, people within the government and ruling party, defying previous policy, have agreed that antiretroviral drugs should be given to pregnant women with HIV. The social fabric of South African society is markedly different from that of Western countries. In this paper, the author analyses the likely implications of antenatal testing and treatment of pregnant women in South Africa, in light of the socio-economic and cultural status of women in that society. (Afr J Reprod Health 2004; 8[2]: 77-85
Antenatal HIV Screening and Treatment in South Africa: Social Norms and Policy Options
No full textSouth Africa has one of the highest prevalence of HIV and AIDS in the world, with mother-to-child transmission being an important route for spread of the infection. For years, AIDS scientists and activists locally and internationally have been working desperately for the people of South Africa to have access to treatment for HIV and AIDS. Policymakers in South Africa have consistently maintained that HIV infection is not responsible for AIDS, thus creating the biggest obstacle to implementation of appropriate prevention and therapeutic programmes, including antiretroviral therapy for HIV positive persons. Only recently, people within the government and ruling party, defying previous policy, have agreed that antiretroviral drugs should be given to pregnant women with HIV. The social fabric of South African society is markedly different from that of Western countries. In this paper, the author analyses the likely implications of antenatal testing and treatment of pregnant women in South Africa, in light of the socio-economic and cultural status of women in that society. (Afr J Reprod Health 2004; 8[2]: 77-85 )
KEY WORDS: HIV screening, South Africa, pregnant women
Dépistage et traitement prénatals du VIH en Afrique du Sud: normes sociales et options des politiques.
L\'Afrique du Sud a une des plus hautes prévalences du VIH et SIDA du monde, dont la transmission de la mère à l\'enfant est une voie importante pour la propagation de l\'infection. Depuis des années, les scientifiques et des activistes du SIDA sur le plan local et international, travaillent désespéremment pour que les gens d\'Afrique du Sud aient un accès au traitement pour le VIH et le SIDA. Les décisionnaires en Afrique du Sud ont systématiquement insisté sur le fait que l\'infection du VIH n\'est pas responsable du SIDA, créant ainsi le plus grand obstacle à la réalisation de la prévention appropriée et des programmes thérapeutiques, y compris la thérapie antirétrovirale pour les personnes séropositives. Très récemment, les fonctionnaires et les membres du parti politique au pouvoir, au mépris de l\'ancienne politique, ont accepté que les médicaments antirétroviraux soient donnés aux femmes enceintes séropositives. Le tissu social de la société sud africaine est remarquablement différent de celui des pays occidentaux. Dans cet article, l\'auteur fait une analyse des implications probables du dépistage et traitement prénatals des femmes enceintes en Afrique du Sud, à la lumière de la situation socio-économique et culturelle des femmes dans cette société-là. (Rev Afr Santé Reprod 2004; 8[2]: 77-85
An Investigation Study WiMAX Network Monitoring and Analysis Industrial Quality Management
No full textDetection of avian Influenza virus H5N1 serotype in backyard poultry, wild and zoo birds in Pakistan
No full textتعلیماتِ نبویﷺ میں مصالحِ عامہ کا ادراک اور رعایت: ضرورت، اہمیت اور عملی امثلہ: Recognition and Consideration of Public Welfare in the Prophetic Teachings: Necessity, Significance, and Practical Examples
No full textProphet Muhammad (peace be upon him) strongly emphasized the importance of public welfare as the cornerstone of a just and harmonious society. He lived a life of compassion and social justice, tirelessly advocating for the rights and well-being of all individuals, regardless of their social status. 1 His teachings instilled a sense of collective responsibility, urging Muslims to care for the vulnerable and work towards the betterment of their communities.This research explores the profound significance of public welfare within Islamic teachings, delving into its multifaceted dimensions, including economic justice, social equity, and environmental stewardship. By examining the practical examples and guidelines provided by the Prophet, we aim to illuminate the relevance of these principles in today's world. This study will demonstrate how the Prophetic teachings offer a comprehensive framework for addressing contemporary social challenges and promoting human flourishing, inspiring Muslims to actively engage in the pursuit of public welfare and contribute to the creation of a just and compassionate world
