1,720,956 research outputs found
Effects of audiovisual distraction in children with special healthcare needs during dental restorations: a randomized crossover clinical trial
No full textBackground: Audiovisual distraction using video eyeglasses is useful in managing distress and reducing fear and anxiety in healthy children during dental treatments. Aim: To evaluate the effect of audiovisual distraction on behavior and self-reported pain of children with special healthcare needs (SHCN) without intellectual disability during dental restorations and its influence on the operator stress and the time of the appointment. Material and methods: This randomized controlled crossover trial comprised 48 children with SHCN requiring at least two dental restorations. One restoration was done wearing the video eyeglasses and one wearing conventional behavior management techniques. Subjective and objective pain was evaluated using the Faces Pain Scale â Revised (FPS-R) and the revised Face, Leg, Activity, Cry, and Consolability scale (r-FLACC). The operator stress using a VAS, the time of the appointment, and the child satisfaction were recorded. Results: The use of video eyeglasses significantly reduced the operator stress. The bivariate analysis showed that the mean FPS-R score and the mean r-FLACC score were significantly lower using the video eyeglasses only during the second clinical session. Conclusion: Audiovisual distraction could be useful in managing distress in SHCN children without intellectual disability but cannot replace the conventional behavior management techniques
The Effects of Different Fluoride Solutions and a varnish on Erosion-Abrasion Resistance of Human Enamel
Full text linkIntroduzione: scopo dello studio in vitro è valutare, qualitativamente e quantitavimente, l'efficacia nei confronti dell'erosione e dell'abrasione di una vernice a base di NaF, di una soluzione sperimentale a base di NaF e di una soluzione sperimentale a base di TiF4.
Materiali e metodi: 150 campioni di smalto dentale sono stati assegnati in modo randomizzato a 5 gruppi: gruppo A trattato con vernice NaF; gruppo B con soluzione NaF; gruppo C con soluzione a base di TiF4. Due gruppi non sono stati trattati e utilizzati come controllo: gruppo D sottoposto ad erosione; gruppo E sottoposto ad erosione e abrasione. Sono state ottenuti immagini ad elevato ingrandimento delle alterazioni indotte dall’erosione artificiale e dell’abrasione artificiale sulla superficie dentale. L’utilizzo del profilometro ha permesso di ottenere valori numerici corrispondenti al tessuto dentale perso in seguito all’erosione artificiale e all’abrasione artificiale.
Risultati: esiste una differenza statisticamente significativa tra i due gruppi controllo (gruppo D erosione, gruppo E erosione-abrasione) (p-value <0.001), tra il gruppo E (erosione-abrasione) e i singoli gruppi sottoposti a trattamento con fluoro (gruppo A vernice a base di NaF, gruppo B soluzione a base di NaF, gruppo C soluzione a base di TiF4) (p-value <0.001), tra il gruppo D (erosione) e il gruppo C (soluzione a base di TiF4) (p-value 0.002). Non sono state osservate differenze statisticamente significative tra i 3 gruppi sottoposti a trattamento (NaF soluzione Vs. TiF4 p-value =0.786; NaF vernice Vs. TiF4 p-value =0.987; NaF vernice Vs. NaF soluzione p-value =0.669).
Conclusioni: l'erosione porta ad una perdita di tessuto dentale, aggravata dall'erosione. Tutti i prodotti contenti fluoro testati sono in grado di contrastare l'usura e arrestare la perdita di sostanza.Purpose: the purpose of this study was the qualitative and quantitative evaluation, through scanning electron microscopy images and surface topography evaluation, of the TiF4 solution effects in comparison with NaF-based materials in a cyclic in vitro model simulating repeated cycles of erosion and erosion–abrasion.
Materials and methods: 150 human enamel specimens were randomly allocated to five groups: group A treated with NaF varnish; group B and C with NaF and TiF4 solutions, respectively. Two control groups were not treated with fluoride: group D was exposed to erosive cycles and group E exposed to both erosive-abrasive cycles.
Results: comparing the two control groups (erosion/ erosion-abrasion - Group D and E) a statistically significant difference (p-value <0.001) was observed. Comparison of the control group E (erosion-abrasion) with each fluoride treatment (NaF and TIF4 - Groups A, B and C), showed statistically significant differences (p-value <0.001). Comparision of the control group D (erosion) with group C (TiF4 solution)showed statistically significant differences (p-value 0.002). No statistically significant differences were observed among all the types of fluoride specimen treatment (NaF solution Vs. TiF4 p-value =0.786; NaF varnish Vs. TiF4 p-value =0.987; NaF varnish Vs. NaF solution p-value =0.669).
Conclusion: all fluoridated solutions and the varnish tested were able to significantly increase enamel erosion and abrasion resistance and should be used to prevent enamel erosion and abrasion
Oro-dental features of PallisterâKillian syndrome: Evaluation of 21 European probands
No full textPallister-Killian syndrome (PKS) is a rare sporadic multi-systemic developmental disorder caused by a mosaic tetrasomy of the short arm of chromosome 12. A wide range of clinical characteristics including intellectual disability, seizures, and congenital malformations has previously been described. Individuals with PKS show a characteristic facial phenotype with frontal bossing, alopecia, sparse eyebrows, depressed nasal bridge, long philtrum, telecanthus, and posteriorly rotated ears. Oro-dental features, such as "Pallister lip," macroglossia, delayed eruption of primary teeth, high arched-palate, prognathism, and cleft palate have been occasionally reported in the medical literature. The aim of the study was to assess the oro-dental phenotype of PKS and to describe the oral health status in a cohort participating in the First European Workshop on PKS. A clinical dental examination was performed in 21 Caucasian probands and data regarding medical and dental history collected. Twelve probands (57%) showed an atypical dental pattern, with multiple missing teeth (primarily the first permanent molars) and 2 (10%) a double teeth. The severity of gingivitis and dental caries increased with age and gingival overgrowth was a common finding. A characteristic occlusive phenotype was found: a high-arched palate with mandibular prognathism associated with an anterior openbite and crossbite and with posterior crossbite (unilateral or bilateral). The prevalence of oral habits (non-nutritive sucking, mouth breathing, bruxism) was high, even in older probands. This study suggests that individuals affected by PKS should be observed closely for oro-dental diseases and a multidisciplinary approach is needed to implement the right preventive measures
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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