1,720,959 research outputs found
United Nations Peace Keeping Force and Sexual Exploitations in Africa: Implications for the United Nations
Get PDFConflict, wars and political instability that characterised the international system and the need for international peace and security is the central idea behind the formation of the United Nations as an international institutional framework that will guarantee global peace and security. Since its establishment in 1945 the United Nations has recorded remarkable achievements in the area of peace keeping, conflict resolution /management through the instrumentality of her peace keeping missions in different part of the globe and Africa in particular. Post-colonial Africa has been characterised by all forms of political instabilities precipitated by the internal contradictions within the continent and further manifested in the forms of ethno-religious crisis, militancy, terrorism, electoral violence etc. these situations has made UN intervention inevitable. However, in the recent past the involvement of UN Peace Keepers in Sexual abuse and exploitations in Central African Republic, Darfur, Mali, Liberia, and Sierra Leone etc. poses a lot of threat to the credibility of the UN. It is based on this that this paper attempts an investigation into the involvement of UN Peace Keeper in sexual exploitation and the relationship between peace keeping and sexual abuses with a view to ascertaining the factors that instigates peace keeper into sexual exploitations and the factors that also exposes people to sexual exploitation. Bearing in mind the nature of the research problem, this paper employed both the Organski’s collective security theory and Abraham Maslow’s theory of needs to examine both the political and psychological dimensions of the phenomenon. It is the position of this paper that the participation of UN Peace Keepers in sexual exploitation is a deviant behaviour and it undermines the credibility that the UN is known for. The paper also recommends among others the need for the UN to empower host countries to punish perpetuators of sexual exploitations
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
INTERNATIONAL NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS AND HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE IN NORTH EAST NIGERIA: UNOCHA IN PERSPECTIVE (2016 - 2022)
Get PDFThe Boko Haram insurgency in North-East(NE) Nigeria continues into its 12th year. The conflict and insecurity have displaced millions of people, devastated agricultural production and other livelihoods, cut off essential services, and caused a crisis of protection. Since 2016, humanitarian organizations have been working in support of the Government of Nigeria to robustly scale up the life-saving support response to population in crisis. International non-governmental organizations (INGOs) are increasingly playing vital role in humanitarian response around the world. This perspective emphasizes that enhanced efforts to address the root cause of conflicts are a priority to addressing humanitarian crises through coordinating activities of state and non-state actors. This study, therefore, assess the role of Office of the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) in humanitarian response across the North-east Nigeria from 2016 to 2022. The study relied on secondary source of data obtained from OCHA websites. The study adopts the human needs theory as its framework. This theory believes that conflict is a tragic expression of unmet human needs which implies that all actions undertaken by human beings are attempts to satisfy their needs and means of livelihood. The findings of the study highlight the key role of OCHA in humanitarian information management, coordination, advocacy, policy and financing has contributed tremendously to the life-saving programming effort to help the people affected by the Boko Haram conflict in NE Nigeria to recover and regain their dignity. The paper recommends that the humanitarian actors in NE Nigeria should establish robust information database for excellent impact assessment, evidence-based policy and better value for money programming
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
The National Intelligence Agency (NIA) and Nigeria’s Diplomatic Relations in Contemporary Times
Get PDFInternational politics in an integral component of the international system with each state making moves to promote project and protect their national interest. In a bid to further promote state relations embassies and consulates are established in different countries to serve as formal institutional and symbolic presence of states outside their state hence, overtly and covertly pursuing their national interest. Intelligence, Diplomacy and foreign policies are key instruments in all these processes. This work therefore is an attempt to interrogate the role of the National intelligence Agency in Nigeria diplomatic relations with a view to identifying the strategic importance of this agency while x-raying the political and diplomatic underpinnings that characterise the politics among nations. This paper relies on the secondary data and Gabriel Almond’s theory of structural functionalism as instruments for analysis. This paper further posit that the National intelligence Agency (NIA) is pivotal to Nigeria’s diplomatic relations and in the final analysis recommends the need to ensure that employees of NIA are experts either in international relations or strategic studies.
Keywords: International Politics, Foreign Policy, Diplomacy, National Interest, Espionag
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Nigerian Public Sector and the Challenge of Workers’ Productivity: An Evaluation
Get PDFProductivity means the continuing improvement of the firm management performance in the use of resources and though the operations it is conducted. However the paper highlights those factors responsible for low productivity among Nigerian workers. The paper focus on those means that will be applied to get workers committed to tier work using effective national tool to enhance and increase productivity level of the public sector in Nigeria. The paper conclude that productivity is the lifeblood of our economy and key to high standard of living. Productivity growth is important for the wellbeing of future generation. It is only by productivity that the real national wealth of a country can increase. The paper therefore, recommended that it is necessary that organization should set out their productivity goal before they even embark on production and the goals must be realistic, specific, comprehensive and meaningful.
Keywords: Evaluation, Factors Responsible, Low Productivity, Workers, Public Secto
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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