1,720,983 research outputs found
Causes of accidents in pediatric patients: what has changed through ages
No full textAIM:
Accidents are the main cause of death and disability in children and adolescents aged 1-15 years and cause more than one sixth of all infant admissions to hospital. In Italy, about 400 children and adolescents are involved in domestic accidents and more than 200 in road accidents. The aim of the study was to determine the number and type of accidents involving children and adolescents in the area of Siena and to compare present results with those obtained 20 years ago in order to assess the effectiveness of preventive measures evolving in the period.
METHODS:
Two groups of patients were admitted to the hospital of Siena for accidents between 1980-1985 and 2000-2006; age, gender, type of accident, frequency distribution in the study period and age of highest frequency of accidents were analysed.
RESULTS:
The most frequent cause of admission to hospital in the earlier period was limb trauma with and without fracture, whereas in the later period it was head injury without fracture followed by limb trauma with and without fracture, and fracture of the skull, spine and trunk in boys and girls. Some variation in the course of the years was observed in both study period, however a constant, gradual reduction in admissions is evident.
CONCLUSION:
Comparison of these data with those collected 20 years earlier revealed a general reduction in the number of hospital admissions. This encouraging result suggests that what has been done so far is effective and should be continued, and that it is also worthwhile taking measures to further reduce the toll of accidents
Asthma and allergy in young athletes in Siena Province. Preliminary results
No full textAIM:
The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of asthma and related respiratory symptoms in a sample of the Siena pediatric population that engages in sport.
METHODS:
The subjects were 460 young athletes, age 7-14 years, enrolled in 23 sporting clubs in 10 municipalities of Siena Province. Subjects and their parents answered a questionnaire on life style and the children underwent basal spirometric tests at their respective training centers.
RESULTS:
A total of 352 questionnaires (76.6%) were returned; 80% of responders performed the spirometric test. The lifetime prevalences of asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis were found to be 17.33%, 22.16% and 11.08%, respectively. About 33.2% of subjects had also experienced symptoms compatible with exercise-induced bronchospasm (EIB) during sport and 4.2% of them had had to stop activity at least once.
CONCLUSION:
The results suggest that EIB is a major phenomenon in our province and that this disorder interferes with, or even limits, physical activity of young athletes
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Selenium status, birth weight, and breast-feeding: pattern in the first month
No full textSelenium (Se) is an essential nutritional element for humans. A low Se status has been documented in formula-fed small-for-gestational age (SGA) newborns in the first month of life. The aim of the study was to compare the nutritional selenium status in adequate-for-gestational age (AGA) and in SGA newborns in the first month of life in relation to feeding type. Se status was assessed by plasma and erythrocyte concentrations, determined by pulsed Zeeman effect-atomic absorption spectrophotometry. We studied 210 newborns divided in groups according to birth weight (129 AGA, 81 SGA ) and feeding type (breast milk, formula, mixed) in wk 1-4 of postnatal life. Erythrocyte Se levels are affected neither by feeding type nor by birth weight. Se plasmatic concentrations were lower in SGA than in AGA newborns. Significant differences in mean plasma concentrations were found between formula-fed and breast-fed (p=0.013) and between formula-fed and mixed-fed (p=0.006) SGA newborns. The difference was not significant in AGA neonates. Breast-fed SGA newborns consistently showed higher plasma Se concentrations than formula-fed newborns. Unless supplemented from birth, Se intake will be inadequate in bottle-fed SGA infants
Risultati preliminari sulla incidenza nei bambini in età scolare del disturbo da deficit di attenzione ed iperattività
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